Abstract: The present invention provides a restriction endonuclease, characterized by the palindromic recognition sequence: ##STR1## and the cleavage position defined by the arrows. The present invention also provides a process for obtaining this new restriction endonuclease.

Abstract: A novel microorganism of the genus Escherichia containing a hybrid plasmid prepared by integrating a plasmid with a deoxyribonucleic acid carrying the gene for aspartase which is obtained from a microorganism of the genus Escherichia. An industrially advantageous method for producing L-aspartic acid comprising contacting a culture of the novel microorganism, microbial cells collected from the culture or a processed material of the microbial cells with fumaric acid and ammonia to produce L-aspartic acid and then collecting L-aspartic acid thus produced is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to DNA consisting of a DNA base sequence coding for the signal peptide: ##STR1## and to DNA containing said DNA base sequence. The DNA base sequence coding for said signal peptide includes, for example; ##STR2## The desired products in cells can be secreted out of cells by the use of a vector containing DNA consisting of the DNA base sequence coding for said signal peptide.

Abstract: A Tn-Mob element is provided comprising a transposon with a Mob-site inserted therein. Vectors and bacterial strains are provided containing the Tn-Mob element, as well as methods for its use. Such methods include the production of plasmid free bacterial strains.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of p-menth-8-ene-1,2-diol by the microbiological conversion of limonene in the presence of various fungi.

Abstract: Vectors capable of replication in a broad host range of gram-negative bacteria are provided. The vectors are composite plasmids comprising a segment derived from an E. coli vector plasmid and a segment derived from a broad host range plasmid. The broad host range plasmid segment includes Mob-functions and DNA coding for replication functions with regions non-essential for broad host range replication or mobilizablity having been deleted. Bacterial strains containing the above plasmids as well as methods of cloning DNA employing such plasmids are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to new polypeptide antibiotics designated LL-BO2964.alpha., LL-BO2964.beta., LL-BO2964.gamma., and a mixture thereof designated LL-BO2964, produced during microbiological fermentation, under controlled conditions, using a new strain of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus subspecies rubidus or a mutant thereof. The new antibiotics are active against a variety of microorganisms and are also useful in treating tuberculosis.

Abstract: A simple technique for the simultaneous measurement of relative levels of a specific mRNA in numberous small samples of biological specimens is described. The technique involves denaturation of cytoplasmic preparations, followed by dotting of up to 96 samples onto a single sheet of nitrocellulose, hybridization with a .sup.32 P-labeled cDNA plasmid, autoradiography, and scanning. By analyzing cytoplasmic preparations instead of purified RNA, manipulations of multiple samples prior to analysis are minimized. Experiments with a clonal line of rat pituitary tumor (GH.sub.3) cells show that this technique can be employed to follow the induction by Ca.sup.2+ of prolactin mRNA sequences, employing cytoplasm prepared from as little as 2.5.times.10.sup.4 cells. The specificity of the technique for prolactin mRNA is shown by employing GC cells, a GH.sub.3 cell variant lacking detectable prolactin mRNA sequences.

Abstract: A novel strain belonging to the genus Agrobacterium, which does not produce acidic extracellular polysaccharides or their constituents and/or water-insoluble extracellular polysaccharides, and which produces cyclic .beta.-1,2-glucan.

Abstract: Recombinant plasmids adopted for transformation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic hosts having an insertion site for at least one DNA fragment are provided. In a preferred embodiment, nucleotide sequences coding for methotrexate-resistant dehydrofolate reductase and a nucleotide sequence, a portion thereof coding for a promoter, are ligated into the insertion site.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for selective modification of double-stranded DNA sequences facilitating their storage and incorporation into expression vectors. Manufactured partially double-stranded DNA primers are hybridized to complementary regions of single-stranded forms of DNA sequences to be altered. Desired, selectively modified double-stranded DNA sequences are then formed by DNA polymerization and specific nuclease digestion of undesired double- and single-stranded regions. Illustratively provided are DNA sequences useful in the microbial expression of bovine prolactin and other valuable polypeptides such as avian growth hormone.

Abstract: New glycopeptide antibiotic CUC/CSV which has the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is L-ristosaminyl;R.sub.1 is the disaccharide mannosyl-glucosyl; andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are mannosyl, and its salts, particularly the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are useful new antibiotics are active against gram-positive bacteria and increase feed-efficiency utilization and enhance milk production in ruminants.

Abstract: This invention relates to DNA consisting of a DNA base sequence coding for the signal amino acid sequence:______________________________________ Met Phe Ala Lys Arg Phe Lys Thr Ser Leu Leu Pro Leu Phe Ala Gly Phe Leu Leu Leu Phe Tyr Leu Val Leu Ala Gly Pro Ala Ala Ala Ser Ala Glu Thr Ala Asn Lys Ser Asn Glu, ______________________________________and to DNA containing such a DNA base sequence. The DNA base sequence coding for said amino acid sequence includes, for example, ______________________________________ ATG TTT GCA AAA CGA TTC AAA ACC TCT TTA CTG CCG TTA TTC GCT GGA TTT TTA TTG CTG TTT TAT TTG GTT CTG GCA GGA CCG GCG GCT GCG AGT GCT GAA ACG GCG AAC AAA TCG AAT GAG. ______________________________________The desired products in cells can be secreted out of cells by the use of a vector containing DNA consisting of the DNA base sequence coding for said signal amino acid sequence.

Abstract: A bacterium which comprises chromosomal DNA which lacks a DNA sequence to code for a tRNA for an amino acid and which bacterium further comprises a plasmid which has a DNA sequence which does effectively code for said tRNA for said amino acid. The invention further includes such a bacterium wherein the DNA sequence for the tRNA for the amino acid is located in a ribosomal RNA operon preferably between a ribosomal RNA promoter and a ribosomal RNA promoter termination sequence within the plasmid.

Abstract: BBM-928 is a mixture of antitumor antibacterial substances produced by fermentation of Actinomadura sp., ATCC No. 31491, under controlled conditions. The components may be separated by silica gel thin layer chromatography and by other means.

Abstract: A Yarrowia lipolytia strain (PC-30827) ATCC 20688 which is utilized as a suitable host for cloning. The strain is a double auxotroph and requires medium supplemented with leucine and uracil for growth.

Abstract: Modified E. coli vectors are disclosed that are mobilizable to a wide range of gram-negative bacteria, but are not self-transmissible. The modified E. coli plasmids replicate only in bacterial strains of the E. coli group. Mobilizer strains of E. coli are also provided, as well as methods for employing the modified E. coli vectors for transposon mutagenesis, site-specific gene transfer, and the construction of DNA libraries.

Abstract: A modified oligosaccharide having at most 7 glucose units and having a substituent selected from the group consisting of 2-aminopyridyl, 3-aminopyridyl, anilino, methylanilino, hydroxyanilino, carboxyphenylamino and hydroxyl groups at at least one end moiety of said oligosaccharide is suitable as substrate for measuring .alpha.-amylase activity or for measuring .alpha.-amylase isozymes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for fermenting carbohydrate- and phosphate-containing liquid media with limitation of phosphate with bacteria capable of forming butanol, acetone and/or ethanol as fermentation products performed with a total phosphate content in the medium of 1.0 to 0.4 mmoles.

Abstract: Human insulin or B-30 esters thereof are prepared by reacting an insulin derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydroxyl or an amino acid radical being different from threonine, and -A- and -B- represent the A- and B-chains with the same amino acid sequence as in human insulin, with a carboxyl protected and optionally hydroxyl protected L-threonine derivative in a concentration of from 2 to about 6 moles per liter in the presence of trypsin or a trypsin-like enzyme in a reaction medium containing water and optionally also an organic cosolvent at a pH value of from 5 to 9 and at a temperature below 50.degree. C., followed, if desired, by removal of any protecting groups present.Human insulin is prepared in an easy and simple way in high yield and in high purity.