Abstract: A polarizer is provided on the upper side of a liquid crystal panel, and a light scattering member and a polarized light separator are provided in turn on the lower side of the liquid crystal panel. Of light incident on the upper side of the polarized light separator, a linearly polarized light component parallel to the drawings is transmitted, a linearly polarized light component perpendicular to the drawings is reflected, and for light incident on the lower side thereof, a linearly polarized light component parallel to the drawings can be emitted upward. When the switch is off, the external light incident on the display device is reflected by the polarized light separator to obtain a bright display, and when the switch is on, the incident external light is transmitted through the polarized light separator to obtain a dark display.

Abstract: Display device based on the scanning window principle, in which light loss in segments of the optical shutter element (21) is prevented by using reflective polarizers (35, 36).

Abstract: A device that provides a display indicating an absence of power to an LCD is disclosed. The device includes a continuous polarizing filter layer disposed within a display area that makes up a portion of the total display area of the LCD. A layer of liquid crystals is disposed between alignment gratings and optically coupled to the continuous polarizing filter layer. A discontinuous polarizing filter layer is optically coupled to the layer of liquid crystals. The discontinuous polarizing filter layer has a plane of polarization aligned with the plane of polarization of the continuous polarizing filter, and the discontinuous polarizing filter layer comprises a contour within the display area conforming to an image, so that the image is displayed in the absence of an electric field and indicates an absence of power.

Abstract: A device and method of manufacturing a single layer multi-state ultra-fast cholesteric liquid crystal includes two optically transparent states with a liquid crystal arranged therebetween, and changing the optical states of the liquid crystal ranging from one state to any combination of broadband reflection, tunable narrow band reflection, light scattering, and transparency in accordance with a voltage applied to the device. A surfactant can be added to reduce the response time and a dichroic dye may be added to include the property of light absorption and reduce the bandwidth. The device can provide any and all of the aforementioned optical states for infrared light, visible light, and ultra-violet light. The desired outputs can be formed according to need, so that predetermined optical states can operate with either no voltage or a particular voltage or voltage range.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates which oppose each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; a light source provided on the exterior of one of the substrates; and at least an organic film, a metallic reflection film, an overcoat film, an electrode layer, and an alignment film formed on the inner face of one of the substrates. Many concave portions are contiguously formed on a surface of the organic film, the inner surface of each concave portion constituting a part of a spherical surface. The metallic reflection film has a thickness of 80 to 500 Å. A transflector and a liquid crystal display including the transflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: A self-alignment process for the precise alignment in a deposited diamond-like carbon (DLC), which results in a wider viewing angle for the display being manufactured. The process involves ion bombardment, which is swept across the liquid crystal panel in a two-pass process. In one embodiment, both ion sweeps are aligned at a 45-degree angle with respect to the bottom edge of the panel. The first pass is accomplished without any electrical bias on the panel. During the first pass the impinging ions may be at an angle with respect to a point on a plane defined by the surface of the panel that is less than 90 degrees. The second ion sweep is accomplished with the impinging ions at a second angle, greater than 90 degrees up to 180 degrees with respect to the point on the plane defined by the surface.

Abstract: In the packaging of an LCD module within a small and lightweight case, the case comprising a front case and a rear case, a recess with a predetermined depth, formed at the edge of the bottom side of the LCD module, is combined with a boss formed at the case, and a recess with a predetermined depth, formed at the edge of its surface, is fastened to a fastening means for securing the LCD module, thereby minimizing the difference between the areas of the LCD module and the case and further reducing the number of processes required for combining the LCD module with the case. In addition, the recess formed at the surface edge of the LCD module is combined with a fastening hook formed at the rear case so that the LCD module can be secured to the rear case and to the front case without any separate fastening member such as a stud or insert.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed. The device, as disclosed, reduces the number of masks required for fabrication. Thus, cost is reduced and yield is increased. The device includes a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines crossing the gate lines such that active regions are defined near the crossover points, thin film transistors are formed near the active regions, and a plurality of pixel electrodes are formed within regions defined by the adjacent gate and data lines. Also, pixel electrodes overlap gate lines and the two electrodes function as a storage capacitor.

Abstract: An apparatus for fixing an optical film used in a back light to an outer frame of the back light. In the back light, a protrusion protrudes from a frame rim of the outer frame. A film extension extends from one side edge of the optical film and is placed on the surface of the frame rim near the protrusion. A clip is provided with a hole for inserting the protrusion to be mounted onto the frame rim such that the protrusion is inserted into the hole, thereby fixing the film extension of the optical film onto the frame rim.