Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a substrate for a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal display having the same, and a method of manufacturing the same which make it possible to provide a display having high luminance and preferable display characteristics to be used in display sections of information apparatuses and the like. Each pixel is defined by gate bus lines extending in the horizontal direction and drain bus lines extending in the vertical direction. TFTs are formed in the vicinity of intersections between the bus lines, and resin overlap sections for shielding the TFTs from light are formed above the same. No black matrix is formed on a common electrode substrate which is provided in a face-to-face relationship with a TFT substrate, and the bus lines and the resin overlap sections formed on the TFT substrate function as a black matrix.

Abstract: A light guiding plate capable of minimizing a thickness of a backlight assembly and an LCD device, a backlight assembly and an LCD device having the same are provided. The light guiding plate has a light incident surface, a light reflection surface having a plurality of dots for diffusing and reflecting the light emitted from the light incident surface and a light output surface having a predetermined roughness and further diffusing the light diffused and reflected by the light reflection surface. Thus, a conventional diffusion sheet disposed above the light guiding plate may be removed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensator for a liquid crystal display comprising a transparent polymeric support, an orientation layer, and an optically anisotropic layer, in order, and located between the support and the orientation layer, a barrier layer comprising a crosslinked polymer impermeable to the components of the support. Embodiments exhibit improved optical properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a reflective liquid crystal display device being low cost, high reflectance, and high contrast in the reflective liquid crystal display device of VA system providing a diffusion reflective plate having uneven shape and using negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal and a substrate using for a reflective liquid crystal display device. Assuming that reflective surface of the reflective plate has plurality of small mirror surfaces, direction of normal vector In of the small mirror is constructed so that standard deviation of probability distribution existing within angle range of azimuth angle from ?n to ?n+1° is 0.1 or more.

Abstract: A color filter and fabricating method thereof. The color filter includes a transparent substrate, provided with a plurality of parallel first light-shielding lines, extending in a first direction, and a plurality of parallel second light-shielding lines, extending in a second direction, wherein a sub-pixel area is defined by two adjacent first light-shielding lines and two adjacent second light-shielding lines. A color-filtering area is formed in the sub-pixel area. An electrode layer is formed on the transparent substrate. At least one insulating line is formed on the electrode layer, directly above a part of the first or the second light-shielding lines, and a conductive line is formed on the insulating line, extending over both ends of the insulating line to electrically connect the electrode layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed. The device, as disclosed, reduces the number of masks required to fabricate. Thus, cost is reduced and yield is increased. The device includes a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines crossing the gate lines such that active regions are defined near the crossover points, thin film transistors are formed near the active regions, and a plurality of pixel electrodes are formed within regions defined by the adjacent gate and data lines. Also, pixel electrodes overlap gate lines and the two electrodes function as a storage capacitor.

Abstract: In a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device, the thickness of liquid crystal layer in the reflective region can be adjusted by controlling the film thickness of the organic insulating film for reflection and the film thickness of the color layer for reflection. Furthermore, the thickness of liquid crystal layer in the transmissive region can be adjusted by controlling the film thickness of the organic insulating film for transmission and the film thickness of the color layer for transmission. Since the thicknesses of liquid crystal layer in the reflective region and that in the transmissive region can be adjusted, the reflectance in the reflective region and the transmittance in the transmissive region can each be set at the most appropriate values.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a poly-silicon TFT substrate having a condenser type digital analog converter, an another substrate disposed so as to face the poly-silicon TFT substrate, and liquid crystal positioned between the poly-silicon TFT substrate and the another substrate. In this liquid crystal device, a light blocking film is formed on a surface of the another substrate and contacts with the liquid crystal. The light blocking film has a resistance larger than n·?/CLC wherein n is a number of bits of the condenser type digital analog converter, ? is an operation stabilizing time of a condenser per one bit, and CLC is electrostatic capacitance between the poly-silicon TFT substrate and the another substrate.

Abstract: A bistable nematic liquid crystal device includes an array of holes (8) in an alignment layer (6) on at least one cell wall (2). The alignment layer (6) induces a substantially planar local alignment of liquid crystal molecules. The holes (8) have a shape and/or orientation to induce the liquid crystal director adjacent the holes (8) to adopt two different tilt angles in substantially the same azimuthal direction. The arrangement is such that two stable liquid crystal molecular configurations can exist after suitable electrical signals have been applied to the electrodes.

Abstract: An upper frame comprises a base part, end parts and side walls. The base part has a picture-frame shape continuous in the circumferential direction. The base part has four inner limbs, and the end parts extend from the inner limbs. In a state in which the end parts do not press a liquid crystal display panel, the end parts are bent relative to the base part in the direction of the liquid crystal display panel which is to be placed, i.e., in the direction in which the liquid crystal display panel is to be pressed. Considering the relation to the side walls, each of the end parts forms an acute angle. The side walls are pendent from outer limbs of the base part at a substantially right angle and are continuous in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A method of utilizing dual-layer photoresist to form black matrixes and spacers on a control circuit substrate is provided. The dual-layer photoresist is composed of a layer of black resin and a layer of transparent photoresist. The black resin, of which optical density is greater than three, is mainly used to achieve the effect of black matrix. The transparent photoresist is mainly used to satisfy the needed cell gap between two transparent substrates.

Abstract: An active matrix devise comprises an array of picture elements. Each picture element has an image element, such as an LCD cell (11) connected to a first storage capacitor 12 and arranged to be connected to a data line 4 by an thin film transistor 10 when activated by a scan signal on a scan line 6. A second storage capacitor 21 can be connected across the first capacitor 12 by means of another thin film transistor 20 when desired so as to increase the storage capacitance at the pixel.

Abstract: A substrate 201 has a reflective layer 211 thereon having apertures 211a, and the reflective layer has a color filter 212 thereon having coloring layers 212r, 212g, 212b. One coloring layer at each pixel has a hyperchromic portion 212c above the corresponding aperture 211a of the reflective layer 211, and a hypochromic portion 212d on the reflective layer 211. There is a region in which no hyperchromic portion 212c is disposed above the corresponding aperture 211a (FIG. 1(A)) or another region in which no hypochromic portion 212d is disposed on the reflective layer 211 (FIG. 1(B)).

Abstract: An in-plane switching mode active matrix type liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate located opposing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates. The first substrate includes a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode each associated to a pixel to be driven, a common electrode to which a reference voltage is applied, data lines, a scanning line, and common electrode lines. Molecular axes of liquid crystal are rotated in a plane parallel with the first substrate by an electric field substantially parallel with a plane of the first substrate to thereby display certain images. The common electrode is composed of transparent material, and are formed on a layer located closer to the liquid crystal layer than the data lines. The common electrode entirely overlaps the data lines except an area where the data lines are located in the vicinity of the scanning line.

Abstract: In a pair of substrates which sandwich a liquid crystal therebetween, a substrate 2a for a liquid crystal device that is positioned opposite from the viewing side. A pixel electrode 9 is formed on the surface of a base 6a as a light reflecting film. A pattern in which a plurality of convexities 10c are arranged is formed on the surface of the light reflecting film 9. These convexities 10c are formed into rectangular dome shapes such that the spatial shape thereof that extends along one axis of the two orthogonal X, Y axes that pass through said convexities themselves is different from the spatial shape thereof along the other axis. The light reflecting film 9 achieves both light directivity and light scattering.

Abstract: An anisotropic scattering sheet is adapted to scatter an incident light in a light-advancing direction and has a light-scattering characteristic F(?) that satisfies the following expression representing a relation between a light-scattering angle ? and a scattered light intensity F over a range of ?=4 to 30°: Fy(?)/Fx(?)>2, wherein Fx(?) represents the light-scattering characteristic in a direction of a X-axis and Fy(?) represents a light-scattering characteristic in a Y-axial direction which is perpendicular to the X-axial direction.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display element capable of reducing flicker comprises: a plurality of source lines; a plurality of gate lines arranged so as to intersect the plurality of source lines in a plan view, for transmitting a gate signal; a plurality of pixels defined by the plurality of source lines and the plurality of gate lines, constituting an image display plane; a pixel electrode provided for every pixel; an opposed electrode facing the pixel electrode across a liquid crystal layer; a storage capacitor for holding a voltage applied between its corresponding pixel electrode and the opposed electrode; and a pixel transistor having a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode which are connected to a corresponding one of the source lines, a corresponding one of the pixel electrodes and a corresponding one of the gate lines respectively, and being turned ON or OFF by the gate signal, wherein an index B given by B=Lst/Lgd is equal to or greater than 7, where a periphery length of the

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including electric power supply paths to supply electric power from connecting pads on a circuit array substrate to a counter electrode of a counter substrate. The liquid crystal display device substantially prevents the electric power supply paths from possible break-down thereby improving the quality of the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A process for making an optical compensator, comprising the steps of coating a orientable resin in a solvent onto a support; drying the resin-containing coating; orienting the resin-containing layer in a predetermined direction; coating a nematic liquid-crystal compound in a solvent carrier onto the orientation layer; drying the nematic liquid-crystal-containing coating; thermally treating the nematic liquid-crystal compound layer, cooling the nematic liquid-crystal compound layer, polymerizing or curing the anisotropic nematic liquid-crystalline layer to form an integral component; and optionally repeating the above steps on top of the integral component so that the optical axis of the first anisotropic nematic liquid-crystal layer is positioned orthogonally relative to the respective optical axis of the second anisotropic nematic liquid-crystal layer about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the support.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device (LCD) includes a first substrate; a second substrate coupled to the first substrate; a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines arranged over the first substrate, the scan lines intersecting the data lines to define pixel areas; thin film transistors (TFTs) over the first substrate adjacent intersections of the scan lines and data lines; substantially bilaterally symmetric pixel electrodes in the pixel areas; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates.