Abstract: A process is provided for preparing particles of polymer by heating the polymer having an inherent viscosity not exceeding about 0.6 dl/g when measured at a temperature of about 30.degree. C. in chloroform or hexafluoroisopropanol, dividing the heated polymer into particles, and then solidifying these particles such that substantially no fibers are formed among the particles.

Abstract: A cross-linking agent with a high isocyanate content comprising a blend of diisocyanate and polyisocyanate is described. A method of cross-linking polymeric vehicles having active hydrogens, polymeric vehicles which include the cross-linking agent which includes the blend of di- and polyisocyanates and a method of making the cross-linking agent also are described.

Abstract: Graft polymers are obtainable by free radical polymerization of(A) monomers or monomer mixtures of(a) from 10 to 100% by weight of open-chain N-vinylcarboxamides(b) from 0 to 90% by weight of other, carboxyl-free monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight of monomers containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of(B) natural substances containing saccharide structures, such as mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides,in a weight ratio (A):(B) of from 95:5 to 20:80 and, if required, subsequent hydrolysis of the amido groups of the polymerized monomers (a) of the graft polymer with formation of amino groups, and said polymers are used as dry and wet strength agents for paper, board and cardboard.

Abstract: New, highly branched polyphosphonates which have a greatly improved flame retardant action compared with known polyphosphonates which are suitable as additives for plastics. In addition the new polyphosphonates may be incorporated in plastics as stabilizers with excellent migration properties.

Abstract: The present invention is a surface modification process which provides a means of rapidly heating a thin layer of a polymer surface or a thin coating of material on a coated substrate and various surfaces produced by such a process.

Abstract: There are disclosed a process for producing a vinyl ester polymer having a high degree of polymerization at a high efficiency, which process comprises subjecting a vinyl ester monomer to seed polymerization by the use of a vinyl ester polymer emulsion as a seed emulsion under the conditions in which the charge of a water-soluble initiator per unit volume (1 liter) of reactant liquid charge is 1.times.10.sup.-8 to 2.times.10.sup.-4 mol, and the charge of the water-soluble initiator per one particle of the vinyl ester polymer particles in the seed emulsion is 1.times.10.sup.-28 to 1.times.10.sup.-20 mol, and a process for producing a vinyl alcohol polymer at a high efficiency from the vinyl ester polymer thus obtained.According to these processes of the present invention, both a vinyl ester polymer and vinyl alcohol polymer each having a higher degree of polymerization can be produced with ease on an industrial scale.

Abstract: A process for recycling waste from the manufacture filtered cigarettes is disclosed herein. The process comprises the following steps: A waste stream from the manufacture of filtered cigarettes is provided. The waste stream includes tobacco, cellulose ester polymer, and paper. A substantial portion of the cellulose ester polymer is separated from this waste stream. This cellulose ester polymer is contacted with a sufficient volumne of fluid to extract contaminants therefrom. The fluid is under pressure and temperature conditions, such that the fluid is a supercritical or a near supercritical fluid.

Abstract: The present invention lies in the field of nitrocellulose nail varnishes and its subject is the use of an arylsulphonylurethane as film forming resin in these varnishes, which makes it possible in particular to avoid the release of formaldehyde, a carcinogenic compound which is formed when an arylsulphonamide-formaldehyde resin is employed.Another subject of the invention is new poly(arylsulphonylurethanes) containing from 2 to 5 arylsulphonylurethane groups and possessing a molecular mass of between 450 and 1500.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention contains at least one modified polypropylene resin or resin composition and an epoxy group-containing copolymer, which thermoplastic resin composition is suitably usable where a high-level balance among the properties is required, since said composition has easy processability into molded articles, films and sheets and can give products having well balanced properties among stiffness, heat resistance, impact resistance, scratch resistance, coatability, oil resistance, chemical resistance, water resistance, etc. and having excellent appearance, uniformity and smoothness.

Abstract: Thermosetting esterimide oligomers of formulas (IA) and (IB) are disclosed: ##STR1## where A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.4 are divalent organic groups, A.sub.3 is a monovalent organic group and A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3 and A.sub.4 may be the same or different, with m being an integer of 1-30. The above compounds provide hard substances having excellent workability, heat resistance and mechanical properties.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method of preparing and extruding biodegradable starch blends into biodegradable products in such a way that preprocessing steps, such as gelatinizing or destructurizing of the starch, are not required. Unprocessed raw starch is combined with biodegradable copolymers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), a nucleating agent, and a plasticizer. The combination may be processed using a twin-screw mixer, and blown into a film. The method described in this invention alleviates pre-preparation steps, reduces the cost and time required to prepare and extrude starch-based biodegradable materials, eliminates the need to use expensive pre-processed starch, and results in a substantially completely biodegradable product.

Abstract: A powder coating material for providing a crepe-like coating having a uniformly and densely distributed superior anesthetic appearance and having a high corrosion resistance, is capable of forming color distinct ridges and valleys in the wrinkle profile of the coating layer. The powder coating material consists of a co-milled powdery product, of which the particle sizes are not higher than 105 .mu.m, and which is composed of (A) 95-99.5 parts by weight of a first resin component comprising a thermosetting resin which is solid at room temperature and (B) 5-0.5 parts by weight of a second resin component comprising a thermosetting resin which is solid at room temperature and contains 3-8% by weight of a cellulose ester. The powder coating material is prepared by co-milling pelletized resin products of the components (A) and (B).

Abstract: An improved process for the production of cellulose ester fibrets wherein a thickened slurry of the fibrets in a liquid mixture of a solvent for the fibrets and a fibret non-solvent is contacted with saturated steam in the separation of the solvent from the fibrets.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a thermoplastic terpolymer excelling in thermal stability and transparency and possessing high mechanical strength, specifically a thermoplastic copolymer (I) composed of 30 to 70% by weight of (A) an aromatic vinyl compound unit, 4 to 40% by weight of (B) a vinyl cyanide unit, and 26 to 50% by weight of (C) an N-substituted maleimide and characterized by having a narrow distribution of molecular weight divisions of copolymer composition as measured by GPC, having substantially no acetone-insoluble content, possessing a weight average molecular weight in the range of 100,000 to 300,000 and a number average molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 150,000, and having a residual N-substituted maleimide content of not more than 50 ppm.

Abstract: Amorphous polymers which are soluble in organic solvents and can thus be cast as films have high glass transition temperatures which make them suitable for numerous high temperature applications; the polymers comprise ortho aromatic polyketones, polyphthalazines and polyisoquinolines, the polyphthalazines and polyisoquinolines being readily formed from the polyketones.

Abstract: Polyolefin resin compositions having a sea and island structure wherein cycloolefin resin, graft modified cycloolefin resin and graft modified elastomer components are finely dispersed in polyamide by melt kneading the cycloolefin resin, graft modified cycloolefin resin, graft modified elastomer and polyamide. Molded products formed by using the polyolefin resin compositions of the present invention are high in impact strength and surface characteristics, particularly less in surface delamination, and also excellent in surface glossiness. The molded products are low in water absorption properties and also excellent in oil resistance.

Abstract: The invention is a process for reducing the fatty alcohol content of a mixture of fatty alcohol and fatty glycoside product by passing the mixture through a forced circulation evaporation zone to form a mixture of fatty alcohol and fatty glycoside product with a reduced fatty alcohol content and passing the mixture with the reduced fatty alcohol content to a wiped film evaporator to remove additional fatty alcohol.

Abstract: There are provided novel miscible blend compositions comprising (a) a cellulose ester and (b) a vinylphenol containing polymer. The blends do not exhibit large scale phase separation and provide properties which are essentially intermediate between those of either cellulose ester or vinylphenol containing polymers. The blends are useful for both molded and film applications as well as for coatings.

Abstract: A selenium alloy electrophotographic imaging member having an optically transparent NESA coated substrate. An x-ray image is formed from the side of the photoreceptor opposite the transparent substrate and then is scanned from the back side through the transparent substrate with a fine beam of light, the position of which is precisely monitored. The ensuing discharge from the light beam is detected by a non-contacting x-ray transparent electrode located on the outer side of the photoreceptor, away from the substrate, which reads the discharge signal through capacitive coupling, pixel by pixel, according to the position of the light beam, to form a high resolution raster pattern digital readout of the image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining continuously polyethylene terephthalate modified by --SiO-- groups in a proportion of 300-700 ppm of Si during the direct esterification reaction between terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, followed by polycondensation in a known manner by introducing methoxyethyl silicate or propyl silicate at a time when the prepolymer has a weight-average molecular mass of between 9,000 and 16,000, a polydispersity index of between 1.5 and 2, and when it is at a temperature of between 260.degree. and 290.degree. C. and at a pressure of between 1.5 and 2.5 bars, the silicate/prepolymer reaction time being at least 5 minutes.The present invention also relates to pilling-free fibres originating from the modified polyethylene terephthalate and to a process for obtaining them.