Abstract: The present invention features methods and compositions for the generation and use of conformation-specific anti-bodies or fragments thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions for increasing transport of agents across the blood-brain barrier, in some embodiments in both directions, while allowing their activity once across the barrier to remain substantially intact. The agents are transported across the blood-brain barrier via one or more endogenous receptor-mediated transport systems. In some embodiments the agents are therapeutic, diagnostic, or research agent. Also provided herein are nucleic acids encoding proteins contained in the compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for neuroprotection. In particular, provided herein are compositions (e.g., hepatocyte secretory factors) for alleviating and/or protecting against neuronal damage (e.g., resulting from stroke), and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polypeptides transiently activating Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) GTPase, polynucleotides encoding said polypeptides and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said polypeptides or said polynucleotides. The present invention further relates to the use of said polypeptides, said polynucleotides or said pharmaceutical compositions for long-term treatment of damage of the peripheral or central nervous system.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutant channelrhodopsins having improved properties, nucleic acid constructs encoding same, expression vectors carrying the nucleic acid construct, cells comprising said nucleic acid construct or expression vector, and their respective uses.

Abstract: An engineered three-dimensional structure includes living cells cohered with each other. The living cells suitably include Schwann cells and at least one other type of cell. The cells accompanying the Schwann cells can suitably be bone marrow stem cells or another type of cell having one or more anti-inflammatory properties. The structure is suitably a graft that facilitates restorative axon growth when the graft is implanted between the proximal and distal stubs of a severed nerve in a living organism. The graft can optionally include a plurality of acellular conduits extending between opposite axial ends of the graft. Bio-printing techniques can be used to assemble a three-dimensional construct that becomes through maturation an axon-guiding graft, by stacking a plurality of multicellular bodies, each of which includes a plurality of living cells cohered to one another to sufficiently to avoid collapsing when the multicellular bodies are stacked to form the structure.

Abstract: Composition containing a chimeric neuregulin polypeptides and method of making such polypeptides are disclosed. The chimeric neuregulin comprises a first moiety of at least 10 amino acids, wherein the first moiety is derived from a first polypeptide; and a second moiety of at least 5 amino acids, wherein the second moiety is derived from a second polypeptide; wherein the first polypeptide is a neuregulin and the chimeric neuregulin exhibits an enhanced binding affinity to integrin, Erb 3, or Erb 4 comparing to that of the first neuregulin.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions, methods, and kits for increasing transport of GDNF across the blood brain barrier while allowing its activity to remain substantially intact. The GDNF is transported across the blood brain barrier via one or more endogenous receptor-mediated transport systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides antibodies that preferentially bind to an ApoE(1-272) fragment relative to ApoE(1-299). These antibodies serve to reduce the toxicity of this fragment and find use in treatment and prophylaxis of a variety of neurological diseases.

Abstract: The present invention refers to human antibodies which are directed against ?-Synuclein (?-Syn) and their use in medicine and diagnosis.

Abstract: The invention features compositions and methods for modulating the expression of Gadd45 and the use of such compositions and methods as neuroprotectants, to enhance neurogenesis, and for the treatment of mood disorders.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for altering the splicing of mRNA in cells. In particular, this invention also relates to methods for increasing the ratio of wild type to misspliced forms of mRNA and corresponding encoded proteins in cells possessing a mutant gene encoding either the i) misspliced mRNA corresponding to the mutant protein or ii) a component in the splicing machinery responsible for processing the misspliced mRNA. In addition, this invention relates to treating individuals having a disorder associated with a misspliced mRNA, such as Familial Dysautonomia or Neurofibromatosis 1, by administering to such an individual a cytokinin such as kinetin.

Abstract: A composition of an immunosuppressant protein (HISP) which is achieved by the steps of obtaining supernatant from hNT neuronal cells; exposing the supernatant to preparative polyacrylamide gel; placing the active isoelectric fraction on a Blue Sepharose column to bind albumin; and collecting the free fraction containing the concentrated, isolated HISP. The HISP is anionic, has a molecular weight of 40-100 kDa, an isoelectric point of about 4.8 and is obtained from the supernatant of hNT cells. HISP can suppress proliferation of responder peripheral blood mononuclear cells in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte cultures; HISP can suppress T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), ionomycin and concanavalin-A. HISP does not act through the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex or via altered accessory signal cells.

Abstract: Methods for treating neurodegeneration, e.g., sensorineural hearing loss, or a demyelinating disease, using bisphosphonates, ERK kinase inhibitors, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) proteins or nucleic acids.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for treating a subject suffering from a deficiency in arylsulfatase A in the CNS. The methods include systemic administration of a bifunctional fusion antibody comprising an antibody to a human insulin receptor and an arylsulfatase A.

Abstract: The present invention compositions and methods of using at least a portions of an isolated and purified ?-crystallin polypeptide that includes one or more ?-pleated sheets and that prevents neurotoxicity and amyloidogenesis.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies, via the administration of antibodies having specificity to abnormal forms of tau protein, the antibodies showing no binding and/or reactivity to a normal tau protein and being administered under conditions and in amounts effective to prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease or other tauopathies. In certain embodiments, the antibodies are selective for soluble truncated tau protein truncated at (i) its C-terminus after the glutamic acid residue Glu391, or (ii) at the aspartic acid residue Asp421, or (iii) at its N-terminus at the aspartic acid residue Asp13, or (iv) a combination of (i)-(iii). Further aspects of the invention are directed to the administration of an immunogen comprising an abnormal tau, preferably a soluble truncated tau.

Abstract: Antibodies selective for pathological tau dimers and/or prefibrillar pathological tau oligomers, immunogenic peptides and epitopes of these antibodies, hydridomas producing these antibodies, uses of these antibodies, immunogenic peptides and epitopes in preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of tauopathies, and uses of these antibodies, immunogenic peptides, epitopes and pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment of tauopathies are described. Also described are uses of these antibodies, immunogenic peptides, epitopes in diagnosis and monitoring of tauopathies.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of treating stroke and related conditions exacerbated by fever and/or hyperglycemia by administering peptides or peptidomimetics that inhibit binding of NMDAR 2B to PSD-95 to a patient.

Abstract: The present invention provides anti-N3pGlu A? antibodies or antigen-binding fragment thereof. In addition, the present invention provides the use of the anti-N3pGlu A? antibodies or antigen-binding fragment thereof for the treatment of Alzheimers disease.