Abstract: A polymerization installation with integrated combined absorption-diffusion and absorption-condensation unit, as well as to its use for the preparation of various polymers and copolymers by addition, emulsion, suspension or radical polymerization, which will find application in chemical industry. There are four structural units in the installation, as follows: supply unit (A), reaction unit (B), combined absorption-diffusion and absorption-condensation unit (C) and finished product discharge unit (D).

Abstract: Provided is a reaction intensification structure. The structure includes a pyrolysis gasification apparatus, a flow strengthening mechanism and a turbulence mechanism. The pyrolysis gasification apparatus is cylindrical, and is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet at front and rear ends thereof respectively. The flow strengthening mechanism is provided on an outer wall of the pyrolysis gasification apparatus at a position near the front end, and it is communicated with such apparatus and at an angle of 20° to 50° relative to a radial direction of such apparatus. The turbulence mechanism includes multiple turbulence bodies distributed in an array on an inner wall of the pyrolysis gasification apparatus and protrude towards a center of such apparatus. The turbulence bodies are divided into multiple groups distributed along an axial direction of such apparatus. Each group of turbulence bodies are distributed along a circumferential direction of such apparatus.

Abstract: A plant oil extraction apparatus may include a volatile solvent tank, an oil bearing plant material container for receiving at least some of the volatile solvent, a chiller for cooling volatile solvent to a liquid state in contact with the oil bearing plant material, a vessel for collecting at least some of the mixture of volatile solvent and plant material, a heater for heating at least liquid state volatile solvent to a gas state, a compressor for compressing volatile solvent gas to a higher pressure, and a heat exchanger to cool and condense at least part of the compressed solvent gas to a liquid state and to return at least part of the condensed liquid volatile solvent to the solvent tank. The cycling of the apparatus may at least in part be controlled by an electronic controller and a human machine interface may be used by an operator to input data to the electronic controller.

Abstract: A process for preparing methanol by a methanol synthesis reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen may involve a distillation step and a condensation step following the synthesis of a crude methanol. A volatile component and water may be separated off from a methanol-containing product stream, and a gas stream containing a volatile component that has been separated off may be discharged at least partially as offgas. At least part of the gas stream that has been separated off may be recirculated into the methanol synthesis reaction. A plant for preparing methanol can store or utilize electric power generated from renewable energy sources and provide facilities for discharging the offgas stream, which can be purified by catalytic after-combustion. Alternatively, the plant can be configured without discharge of an offgas substream, or the offgas streams are so small that they can be released without treatment into the environment at a suitable position.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods, systems, and apparatus arranged and designed for converting non-methane hydrocarbon gases into multiple product gas streams including a predominately hydrogen gas stream and a predominately methane gas steam. Hydrocarbon gas streams are reformed, cracked, or converted into a synthesis gas stream and methane gas stream by receiving a volume of flare gas or other hydrocarbon liquid or gas feed, where the volume of hydrocarbon feed includes a volume of methane and a volume of non-methane hydrocarbons. The hydrogen contained in the syngas may be separated into a pure hydrogen gas stream. A corresponding gas conversion system can include a super heater to provide a hydrocarbon feed/steam mixture, a heavy hydrocarbon reactor for synthesis gas formation, and a hydrogen separator to recover the hydrogen portion of the synthesis gas.

Abstract: A CO2 extraction process for Cannabis sativa that uses liquid CO2 in combination with co-solvent admixtures to purify cannabis botanicals in high yield and purity. The extraction process allows for multiple extractions, or washes, to be performed with the same solvent CO2, which may be seamlessly recycled and purified between subsequent extraction cycles. A variety of in-line filtration vessels, pumps, vacuums, and controllable valves are used to yield a pure product while allowing a high level of user control over the process.

Abstract: A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for converting a gas into methane (CH4) which includes: a step of activating a catalytic material including praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11) associated with nickel oxide (NiO) and alumina (Al2O3), the respective proportions of which are, relative to the total mass of these three compounds: Pr6O11: 1 wt % to 20 wt %, NiO: 1 wt % to 20 wt %, and Al2O3: 60 to 98 wt %; and a step of passing a gas including at least one carbon monoxide (CO) over the activated catalytic material.

Abstract: An inerting system for a fuel tank containing a liquid fuel and an ullage gas. The inerting system includes a fluid circuit connectable to the fuel tank, an evaporator connected in the circuit, and a reactor connected in the circuit downstream of the evaporator. The evaporator receives a flow of the liquid fuel from the fuel tank and volatilizes at least a portion of the liquid fuel to thereby form a volatilized fuel vapor. The evaporator also receives a flow of the ullage gas from the fuel tank, and permits the ullage gas to sweep away the volatilized fuel vapor downstream with the ullage gas to thereby form a fuel enriched gas mixture containing the ullage gas and the volatilized fuel vapor. The reactor converts at least some of the fuel enriched gas mixture into a non-flammable gas. The circuit supplies at least some of the non-flammable gas to the fuel tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, especially those having a plurality of tubular fluid channels formed as intertwined coils, with each of the centre paths of the coils forming a helix, and to a reactor for supercritical water oxidation comprising such a heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a post-processing apparatus configured to post-process latex, the post-processing apparatus including: a receiving tank having therein a receiving part and having an inlet port through which the latex is introduced into the receiving part and a discharge port through which the latex is discharged; an ultrasonic wave generating device configured to generate ultrasonic waves to the latex accommodated in the receiving tank; a pressure reducing part configured to reduce a pressure of the receiving part of the receiving tank to discharge an unreacted monomer to the outside of the receiving tank; and a partition part provided in the receiving part of the receiving tank and comprising a plurality of partitions disposed in a direction from the inlet port toward the discharge port of the receiving tank, in which the latex accommodated in the receiving part moves along upper and lower sides of the plurality of partitions.

Abstract: Methods comprising: evaporating a catalyst source to produce a catalyst gas; condensing the catalyst gas to produce a catalyst vapor comprising catalyst droplets suspended in a gas phase; and contacting the catalyst vapor with a hydrocarbon gas to catalyze a decomposition reaction of the hydrocarbon gas into hydrogen gas and carbon. And, systems comprising: a catalyst source evaporator that provides a first stream to a reactor; a hydrocarbon source that provides a second stream to the reactor; a cooling column coupled to the reactor via a third stream comprising hydrogen, catalyst liquid, solid carbon, optionally catalyst gas, and optionally unreacted hydrocarbon gas such that the cooling column receives the third stream from the reactor; and wherein the cooling column has effluent streams that include (a) a fourth stream that comprises hydrogen and optionally catalyst gas and (b) a fifth stream that comprises catalyst liquid.

Abstract: A fuel production system 1 for producing a liquid fuel from biomass feedstock includes a gasification furnace 30 that gasifies biomass feedstock to produce a syngas including hydrogen and carbon monoxide; a liquid fuel production unit 4 that produces a liquid fuel from the syngas produced by the gasification furnace 30; an electrolysis unit 60 that produces hydrogen from water using electric power generated using renewable energy; a hydrogen tank 62 that stores the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis unit 60; and a hydrogen supply pump 64 that supplies the hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 62into the gasification furnace 30 or a biomass feedstock supply channel 20 extending from a biomass feedstock supply unit 2 to the gasification furnace 30.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for preparing an oligomer, the apparatus including: a reactor for oligomerizing a feed stream containing a fed monomer; a stirrer inserted into a hole formed in an upper portion of the reactor; and a solvent transfer line extending inward from a side of the reactor, wherein the stirrer includes a rotating shaft vertically extending downward from the upper portion of the reactor, and a blade having a conical shape whose vertex is positioned at a lower end of the rotating shaft and outer diameter increases from a bottom toward a top, and the solvent transfer line has a plurality of spray nozzles formed in a direction toward the blade.

Abstract: Apparatus that mixes non-homogenous fluid. A threaded shaft within a housing circulates fluid within a container to effect mixing. In one embodiment, when placed in a container of fluid, the housing the fluid is recirculated through opposing ends of the housing. In an embodiment of a related method for mixing, a pump housing containing a screw journaled for rotation receives fluid within a container and conveys the fluid therethrough to circulate a fluid portion in the container along an exterior surface of the housing for mixing with another fluid portion to improve fluid homogeneity. After mixing, the portion of the fluid which first circulates through the housing may recirculate through the housing with said another portion of the fluid. The fluid may be continuously mixed and recirculated through the housing.

Abstract: Systems for producing performic acid and methods for producing performic acid. The systems may include two or more reactor units, two or more servient programmable logic controllers, a control panel, and a master programmable logic controller. The system may modify the production of performic acid in at least one of the two or more reactor units upon and/or after the occurrence of a disruptive event in order to maintain a desired level of performic acid production and/or a desired level of disinfection.

Abstract: A pulsed compression reactor may include a reactor housing, a spring piston, and a driver piston. The reactor housing may define an interior volume, and may include a first passage and a second passage which lead to the interior volume. The spring piston may be positioned within the interior volume, wherein the spring piston and the reactor housing at least partially define a perimeter of a gas spring buffer chamber within the interior volume. The driver piston may be positioned within the interior volume, wherein the spring piston, the driver piston, and the reactor housing at least partially define a perimeter of a reaction chamber within the interior volume.

Abstract: Fuel production system includes: synthesis gas generation unit configured to generate synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from carbon-containing raw material; fuel production unit configured to produce fuel from synthesis gas generated; water electrolyzer configured to electrolyze water to generate water-electrolyzed hydrogen; hydrogen supply unit configured to supply water-electrolyzed hydrogen generated to synthesis gas generation unit; and controller. The controller is configured to perform: calculating input energy based on first energy possessed by raw material, second energy consumed by water electrolyzer, third energy consumed by synthesis gas generation unit, and fourth energy consumed by fuel production unit; calculating recovered energy based on fifth energy possessed by fuel produced; and controlling water electrolyzer based on input energy and recovered energy calculated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process and system for the synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from a feedstock comprising H2 and COx, wherein x=1-2. The process according to the invention comprises (a) subjecting the gaseous mixture comprising synthesis gas originating from step (c) to DME synthesis by contacting it with a catalyst capable of converting synthesis gas to DME to obtain a gaseous mixture comprising DME; (b) subjecting a gaseous mixture comprising the gaseous mixture originating from step (a) to a separation-enhanced reverse water gas shift reaction; and (c) subjecting the gaseous mixture originating from step (b) to DME/synthesis gas separation to obtain DME and a gaseous mixture comprising synthesis gas, which is recycled to step (a). Herein, the feedstock is introduced in step (a) or step (b) and the molar ratio of H2 to COx in the gaseous mixture which is subjected to step (b) is at least (x+0.8). Also a system for performing the reaction according to the invention is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a zeolitic material, as well as to a catalyst per se as obtainable or obtained according to said process. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of the zeolitic material, in particular as a catalyst.