Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases by targeting a specific miRNA. In addition, the present invention relates to a kit for diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases. A miR-206 target found in the present invention, which is highly expressed in both animal models of Alzheimer's disease and human brain samples, is a substantial treatment target selected without artifact errors. An antisense oligonucleotide of the present invention as an inhibitor for miR-206 suggests a successful result in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases by targeting miRNA. The antisense oligonucleotide of the present invention inhibits the function of miR-206 to greatly increase the levels of BDNF and IGF-1 and to increase the regeneration of synapses, thereby treating neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include methods and compositions for ameliorating cancer. Some embodiments include methods and compositions for ameliorating pancreatic cancer targeting the CXCR4 receptor and the CXCL12 ligand.

Abstract: The present invention embraces methods for the diagnosis and treatment of learning or mental disorders such as schizophrenia using miR-25, miR-98, or miR-185.

Abstract: An RNAi molecule that can selectively and effectively suppress only the expression of a particular dominant mutant gene, while permitting the expression of the wild-type gene or a desired mutant gene, and a design method thereof is presented.

Abstract: Provided are an siRNA-polymer conjugate, and a method for preparing the same, and more specifically, to a hybrid conjugate formed by covalently bonding siRNA and a polymeric compound for improving the in vivo stability of siRNA, and to a preparation method of the hybrid conjugate. The conjugate of the present invention can improve the in vivo stability of siRNA, thereby achieving an efficient delivery of therapeutic siRNA into cells and exhibiting the activity of siRNA even with a small dose of a relative low concentration. Therefore, the conjugate can advantageously be used as not only an siRNA treatment tool for cancers and other infectious disease, but also a novel type siRNA delivery system.

Abstract: The present invention includes bivalent or multivalent nucleic acid molecules or complexes of nucleic acid molecules having two or more target-specific regions, in which the target-specific regions are complementary to a single target gene at more than one distinct nucleotide site, and/or in which the target regions are complementary to more than one target gene or target sequence. Also included are compositions comprising such nucleic acid molecules and methods of using the same for multivalent RNA interference and the treatment of a variety of diseases and infections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to RNAi constructs with minimal double-stranded regions, and their use in gene silencing. RNAi constructs associated with the invention include a double stranded region of 8-14 nucleotides and a variety of chemical modifications, and are highly effective in gene silencing.

Abstract: Libraries of nanoparticles comprising therapeutic agents and/or imaging agents are disclosed, as well as methods of making, customizing, and using such libraries of nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention, at least in part, relates to the discovery of efficacious delivery of an RNAi agent (in preferred aspects of the invention, an siRNA) to a transplantable tissue. Organ rejection, transplantation-mediated transmission of viral infection, and triggering of apoptosis in transplanted tissues can each be minimized by the methods and compositions of the instant invention. The RNAi agent(s) of the instant invention can be delivered as “naked” molecules, or using liposomal and other modes of delivery, to transplantable tissues. Such delivery can occur via perfusion of the RNAi agent in solution through the vasculature of a whole or partial organ; or tissues including transplantable cells and cell lines may be bathed, injected or otherwise treated with RNAi agents. Preferred transplantable tissues include, for example, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, and all cells and cell lines derived from such tissues (e.g., pancreatic islet cells that may, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and kit for the measurement of LPL. The method comprises several steps that effect a measurement of a level of LPL activity. The kit comprises several elements that effect the measurement of a level of LPL activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to iRNA, e.g., double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA), compositions targeting the Serpinc1 gene, and methods of using such iRNA, e.g., dsRNA, compositions to inhibit expression of Serpinc1 and methods of treating subjects having a bleeding disorder, such as a hemophilia.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of enhancing the efficacy and specificity of RNA silencing. The invention also provides compositions for mediating RNA silencing. In particular, the invention provides siRNAs, siRNA-like molecules, shRNAs, vectors and transgenes having improved specificity and efficacy in mediating silencing of a target gene. Therapeutic methods are also featured.

Abstract: This invention relates to interfering RNA (iRNA) molecules and their applications, especially multi-targets iRNA molecules and their applications. The said multi-targets iRNA molecules comprised of a sense strand annealed onto at least one antisense strand, each strand is at least 30 nucleotides in length, the sense or antisense strand has at least two segments, which can target at least two RNAs of different genes, or can target at least two portions of an RNA, and wherein the iRNA does not induce an interferon-response when transfected into a cell. The iRNA molecule can interfere with the translation procedure post-transcription, and the target gene is inhibited or blocked, the iRNA does not induce an interferon-response in vivo. The RNA molecules are the active ingredient in preparation of the drug which can regulate one or many genes function.

Abstract: A method of preparing a protein chip by gelation of a sol composition. In the method, a mixture of specific silicate monomers, such as SolB1, SolB2 and SolB3, SolBH, and a mixture of SolBS, distilled water and a detector protein are mixed sequentially, so that the gelation rate of the sol composition can be delayed, thus inducing the stable gelation of the composition. Also, the biochip can be fabricated in a simple and easy manner by dispensing the sol composition by hand using an arrayer or a tool such as a pipette. In addition, a uniform biochip can be prepared by dispensing the sol composition, solution I (SolBH) and solution II (a mixture of buffer, SolBS, distilled water and a detector protein) sequentially onto a substrate without needing a conventional pretreatment process such as mixing.

Abstract: Oligomer compositions comprising first and second oligomers are provided wherein at least a portion of the first oligomer is capable of hybridizing with at least a portion of the second oligomer, at least a portion of the first oligomer is complementary to and capble of hybridizing to a selected target nucleic acid, and at least one of the first or second oligomers includes at least one nucleotide comprising a chimeric organic composition. Oligomer/protein compositions are also provided comprising an oligomer complementary to and capable of hybridizing to a selected target nucleic acid and at least one protein comprising at least a portion of an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), wherein at least one nucleotide comprising a chimeric organic composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to oligonucleotide-oligocation molecules AiBjH that can be synthetized via automated phosphoramidite chemistry having oligonucleotides moieties Ai and oligocations moieties Bj, wherein •Ai is an i-mer oligonucleotide residue, with i=5 to 50, where nucleotide A is an oligomer with naturally or non naturally occurring nucleobases and/or pentafuranosyl groups and/or native phosphodiester bonds, for example selected from the group comprising deoxyribo, ribo, locked (LNA) nucleotides as well as their chemical modifications or substitutions such as phosphorothioate, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-alkyl, or a marker group such as a fluorescent agent, •Bj is a j-mer organic oligocation moiety, with j=1 to 50, where B is selected from the group comprising •—HPO3—R1—(X—R2n)n1—X—R3—O—, where R1, R2n and R3, identical or different, are lower alkylene, X is NH or NC(NH2)2, n varies from 1 to 5 and n1=2 to 20, •—HPO3—R4—CH(R5X1)—R6—O—, where R4 is lower alkylene, R5 and R6, identical or different, are lower alkylene

Abstract: It is to provide a method for measuring glycated hemoglobin in a hemoglobin-containing sample, comprising: reacting glycated hemoglobin in the hemoglobin-containing sample with a proteolytic enzyme in the presence of at least one salt selected from the group consisting of a pyridinium salt, a phosphonium salt, an imidazolium salt, and an isoquinolinium salt; reacting the obtained reaction product with fructosyl peptide oxidase; and measuring the generated hydrogen peroxide. The present invention provides a method for accurately measuring glycated hemoglobin in a hemoglobin-containing sample.

Abstract: Novel oligonucleotide pairs which can form a duplex comprising one or more DNA-like nucleotides (e.g., 2?-sub-stituted arabinonucleotides (ANA)); in combination with one or more RNA-like nucleotides (e.g., 2?-substituted ribonucleotides (RNA) and/or locked nucleic acid nucleotides (LNA)), are disclosed. The use of such oligonucleotide duplexes, such as for silencing the expression of a nucleic acid or gene of interest using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technologies, is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention generally concerns methods and compositions for treating mutated K-ras expressing cancers.

Abstract: RNAi constructs directed to MAP4K4 that demonstrate unexpectedly high gene silencing activities, and uses thereof are disclosed. The blunt-ended constructs have a double-stranded region of 19-49 nucleotides. The constructs have selective minimal modifications to confer an optimal balance of biological activity, toxicity, stability, and target gene specificity. For example, the strands may be modified (e.g., one or both ends of the sense strand is modified by 2?-O-methyl groups), such that the construct is not cleaved by Dicer or other RNAse III, the antisense strand may also be modified by a 2?-O-methyl group at the penultimate 5?-end nucleotide to greatly reduce off-target silencing.