Abstract: The present invention provides novel intermediates represented by general formula (I) etc. for preparing a phenoxyacetic acid derivative represented by general formula (X) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has ?3-adrenoceptor stimulating activity and are useful for treating or preventing obesity, hyperglycemia, diseases caused by intestinal hypermotility, pollakiuria, urinary incontinence, depression or biliary calculus.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel intermediates represented by general formula (I) etc. for preparing a phenoxyacetic acid derivative represented by general formula (X) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has ?3-adrenoceptor stimulating activity and are useful for treating or preventing obesity, hyperglycemia, diseases caused by intestinal hypermotility, pollakiuria, urinary incontinence, depression or biliary calculus.

Abstract: The invention relates to terphenyl derivatives of formula: and to their preparation and to the pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. These compounds exhibit an antagonist activity with respect to CB1 cannabinoid receptors.

Abstract: The invention provides the diastereoselective alkylation of optically active nopinone to form the compound of formula (I) according to scheme A below: in which: —R is a C5-15 alkyl group; —R1 is especially a C1-15 alkyl, C2-15 alkenyl or C2-15 alkynyl group or a C5-15 aryl, each group optionally being substituted; and —X is a halogen atom; and the configuration of the compound of formula (I) is either (E) or (Z) or a mixture of the two. The compound of formula (I) is a valuable synthetic intermediate.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing (R)-propynylaminoindans, and alternatively, a process for manufacturing (S)-propynylaminoindans. The chiral propynylaminoindans include alkoxy or alkylcarbamates derivatives. The process comprises transfer or pressure hydrogenation in the presence of an optically active catalyst to reduce 1-indanones. The chiral product, either (S)- or (R)-indanols undergo nucleophilic substitution to produce the named product. In an additional aspect, the invention relates to novel intermediates and compounds, namely, substituted indanones, substituted (S)-indanols and substituted (R)-indanols.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multistage process for continuous and phosgene-free preparation of cycloaliphatic diisocyanates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for production of D- and/or L-methionine via D- and/or L-homoserine with subsequent chemical transformation to give methionine.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing (meth)acrylic acid including an absorption step of bringing a (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas obtained by a gas phase catalytic oxidation method into an absorption tower and allowing the gas to contact with an absorbent, in which absorption step a crude (meth)acrylic acid solution is withdrawn from a withdrawal outlet positioned between a supply point for the (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas and a supply point for the absorbent on the absorption tower, and then supplied to a next step. The process for producing (meth)acrylic acid makes it possible to suppress the formation of Michael adducts, thereby obtaining a (meth)acrylic acid containing solution in high yield and in high concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2-dihaloacyl-3-aminoacrylic esters of the formula (I) by reacting acid halides of the formula (II) with dialkylaminoacrylic esters of the formula (III) in which R, R1, R2, X1, X2 and Hal are each as defined in the disclosure in a water-immiscible organic solvent in the presence of a base, to the novel 2-dihaloacyl-3-aminoacrylic esters of the formula (I) themselves, to their use for preparing 3-dihalomethylpyrazoles, to a process for preparing 3-dihalo-methylpyrazoles, and to novel 3-dihalomethylpyrazoles.

Abstract: Various 13C and 14C carbon labeled compounds Rf—bCF(U)y(T)zFormula 1A or Rf—bCF2bCF(U)y(T)zFormula 1B wherein Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl radical Z(CmF2m)—, m is 1, 3 to 20, or a mixture thereof; Z is F when m is 1, and Z is F, Cl, or H when m is 3 to 20 or a mixture thereof; b is 13 or 14; y is 1, and z is 0 or 1; and when y and z are each 1, U is F, and T is selected from the group consisting of monovalent radicals —X wherein X is I or Br, —CH2—CH2—X, —CH?CH2, —CH2—CH2—OH, —CH2—COOH, —CH2OH, —bCH2OH, —COOH, —bCOOH, —O—CF(CF3)—C(O)F, —O—CF(CF3)—X, —SO2Y wherein Y is H, F or Cl, and —SO3H; and when y is 1, and z is 0, U is selected from the group consisting of divalent radicals ?CH—COOH, ?CH—CH2—OH, and ?O, are disclosed, and a process for their preparation which selectively introduces 13C and 14C carbon labels into a fluoroalkyl chain.

Abstract: A method for the production of 6,6,6-trihalo-3,5-dioxohexanoic acid esters of formula (I): in addition to the enols thereof and <I>E</I> and <I>Z</I> isomers, wherein X independently represents fluorine, chlorine or bromine and R1 represents alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl. A method for the production of enol ethers of formula (Ib): and the enols thereof (E and Z isomers) wherein X and R1 have the above-mentioned meanings.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which are inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved.

Abstract: A method for the production of 6,6,6-trihalo-3,5-dioxhexanoic acid esters of formula (I): in addition to the enols thereof and <I>E</I> and <I>Z</I> isomers, wherein X independently represents fluorine, chlorine or bromine and R1 represents alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl. A method for the production of enol ethers of formula (Ib): and the enols thereof (E and Z isomers) wherein X and R1 have the above-mentioned meanings.

Abstract: This invention provides a new method of forming a self-assembling monolayer (SAM) of alcohol-terminated or thiol-terminated organic molecules (e.g. ferrocenes, porphyrins, etc.) on a silicon or other group IV element surface. The assembly is based on the formation of an E-O— or an E-S— bond where E is the group IV element (e.g. Si, Ge, etc.). The procedure has been successfully used on both P- and n-type group IV element surfaces. The assemblies are stable under ambient conditions and can be exposed to repeated electrochemical cycling.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I), or a salt thereof wherein R is H, C1-C8 alkyl, aryl or aryl-C1-C8 alkyl; comprising the reaction between a compound of formula (II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-C8 alkyl, or R1 and R2, taken together, form a —(CH2)m—V—(CH2)n— group, in which V is NR3 or C(R3)2 wherein R3 is hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, aryl or aryl-C1-C8 alkyl; and m and n, which can be the same or different, are 1 or 2; with a compound of formula (III) in which R4 and R5 are independently C1-C8 alkyl, aryl or aryl-C1-C8 alkyl; in the presence of a Ni (II) salt, an organic ligand and a basic agent, to obtain a compound of formula (I) wherein R is C1-C8 alkyl, aryl or aryl-C1-C8 alkyl and, if desired, its conversion to a compound of formula (I) wherein R is hydrogen or to a salt thereof.

Abstract: Fluorochemical silane compounds and coating compositions derived therefrom are described. The compounds and compositions may be used in treating substrates, in particular substrates having a hard surface such as ceramics or glass, to render them water, oil, stain, and soil repellent.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the cosmetic utilization of a series of polyesters based upon the reaction of dimer acid, dimer alcohol and Guerbet alcohol. The resulting polyester is a high molecular weight product that is well tolerated by the skin and has outstanding emolliency. The Guerbet alcohol, being mono hydroxyl is a capper portion of the polymer, the dimer alcohol is a chain extender having two hydroxyl groups and the dimer acid is a diacid that reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the Guerbet and dimer alcohol to make the polyester.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel intermediates represented by general formula (I) etc. for preparing a phenoxyacetic acid derivative represented by general formula (X) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has ?3-adrenoceptor stimulating activity and are useful for treating or preventing obesity, hyperglycemia, diseases caused by intestinal hypermotility, pollakiuria, urinary incontinence, depression or biliary calculus. The present invention also provides a process for preparing said intermediates and a method of using said intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of alkylated aromatic compounds using ionic liquids as the solvent. Alkylated aromatic compounds are synthesized by reacting an aromatic compound with a monoolefin in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an optically active fluoro compound represented by formula (3) through reaction between a specific fluoroamine and an optically active diol; and a process for producing an optically active fluoroalcohol through hydrolysis of the optically active fluoro compound. According to the process of the present invention, such optically active fluoro compounds and optically active fluoroalcohols can be produced at high optical purity and high yield in a simple manner.