Abstract: A retransmission apparatus using an IP multicasting method for a DMB service including a plurality (n) of radio frequency (RF) receivers, each for receiving a DMB RF signal of a corresponding channel, a plurality (n) of DMB decoders, each for outputting a transport stream (TS) by decoding the DMB RF signal received from a corresponding RF receiver, a plurality (n) of slicers, each for processing the TS input from a corresponding DMB decoder; a plurality (n) of network interfacers, each for IP packetizing the TS sliced by a corresponding slicer; a network switch for receiving the IP packets from the plurality (n) of network interfacers, transferring the received IP packets to a multicasting processing unit, and receiving multicasting data from the multicasting processing unit, and the multicasting processing unit for receiving the IP packets from the network switch, creating a single piece of multicasting data by assigning multicasting addresses to the received IP packets, and outputting the created multicasti

Abstract: A network, network devices, and methods are described for marked packet forwarding. A network device includes a network chip having a number of network ports for receiving and transmitting packets. The network chip includes logic to decapsulate a packet received from a tunnel, mark the packet with a handle associated with an originating network device of the packet using information from an encapsulation header, and forward the marked packet to a checking functionality having a destination address different from an original destination address of the packet.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a relationship is determined between radio link protocol (RLP) sequence numbers in received RLP packets and real-time protocol (RTP) sequence numbers of RTP packets represented by the received RLP packets. A RTP sequence number associated with a compressed RTP packet is determined based on the determined relationship and at least one of the RLP sequence numbers of the received RLP packet or packets forming the compressed RTP packet. The compressed RTP packet does not include a RTP sequence number.

Abstract: Gateway, method, and apparatus for communicating fax data over the Internet.

Abstract: A method and a system for converting the service types of the devices connected to a control gateway are provided. The system includes a server, an open platform, a control gateway and devices connected to the control gateway. Wherein, the device possesses device description information and is operated in a first device service type; the control gateway is electrically coupled between the open platform and the device, holds or obtains the device description information of the device and delivers the device description information to the open platform; the server provides a plurality of device service contents. The open platform further according to the device description information obtains the device service content corresponding to the device from the server and registers the device service content in the open platform.

Abstract: The attaching of labels to an OPEN frame and applying label switched routing to SAS expanders is disclosed to eliminate the need for large routing tables in SAS networks. A label stack is inserted into the OPEN frame by the initiator, prior to the OPEN frame being transmitted. Each label contains the egress port for a SAS expander in the transmit path. Each SAS expander to be participating in the connection reads the labels to determine the egress port to connect to and through which data is to be sent. The SAS expander marks its label invalid or discards it and forwards the OPEN frame to the egress port where the next SAS expander will look for the first valid label. The process repeats until the OPEN frame reaches the edge device, at which time all labels are discarded and the OPEN frame is forwarded to the end device.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for restoring IP traffic flows routed in an IP network in less than 100 ms after the IP network sustains a network failure. The systems and methods are a two-phase fast reroute that uses distributed optimized traffic engineering during backup tunnel restoration and end-to-end tunnel restoration that maximizes sharing among all independent failure scenarios and minimizes the total capacity, total cost, or a linear combination of the two. For defined failure condition scenarios, restoration traffic is routed using pre-computed backup tunnels using a constrained shortest path first method where link weights along the path are chosen dynamically and depend on available and total capacity of the link, latency, and other cost measures such as IP port costs. During the capacity allocation phase, the method reuses capacity already allocated for other independent failure scenarios as much as possible but also adds capacity, if necessary.

Abstract: A communication device comprises a first transmitter configured to transmit a telephone signal via a broadband-communication link to an IP network, and a second transmitter configured to transmit a telephone signal via an alternative communication link to a telephone network. The telephone signal is transferred from a first telephone number for identifying the communication device in the transmission of the telephone signal via the broadband-communication link to a second telephone number associated with the alternative communication link when a power failure occurs during a transmission of the telephone signal via the broadband-communication link.

Abstract: The subject matter described herein includes methods, systems, and computer program products for routing packets at a multi-mode layer 3 packet forwarding device. According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes operating a first of at least two modules in a host mode, and operating a second of at least two modules in a longest prefix matching (LPM) mode. Operating a module in a host mode includes populating a host table and an LPM table with entries corresponding to hosts and routing layer 3 packets received by the first module using the host and LPM tables. Operating a module in an LPM mode includes populating a host table with entries corresponding to hosts, populating an LPM table with entries corresponding to variable length Internet protocol (IP) addresses and next hop addresses, and routing layer 3 packets received by the second module using the host and LPM tables.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and computer program products are disclosed for specifying a MAC identifier for a network-interface-device that includes multiple universally administered MAC identifiers and connects to a network through a port. The network-interface-device accepts data packets received through the port if the data packets contain a destination address that matches any active MAC identifier. The method includes reserving a first and second universally administered MAC identifiers from the available universally administered MAC identifiers. The first universally administered MAC identifier and the second universally administered MAC identifier are respectively associated with a first and second resource of the network-interface-device. The MAC identifier is assigned to one of the first or second resource and activated. Other aspects include apparatus logics and program products that perform the method.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for time tracking using assistance from TDM pilots in a communication network. In an aspect, a method is provided for time tracking in a device operating on a communication network, wherein the device performs a time tracking algorithm. The method includes determining a delay spread, and modifying at least one parameter used by the time tracking algorithm based on the delay spread. In another aspect, an apparatus is provided for time tracking in a device operating on a communication network, wherein the device performs a time tracking algorithm. The apparatus includes computation logic for determining a delay spread, and control logic for modifying at least one parameter used by the time tracking algorithm based on the delay spread.

Abstract: A method for managing Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) backup groups includes: setting a VRRP Group Management Protocol (VGMP) group including at least one VRRP management group. Each VRRP management group includes at least one VRRP member, and the VRRP members belonging to one VRRP management group belong to different VRRP backup groups respectively; the VGMP group manages the included VRRP management groups uniformly. Embodiments of the invention manage multiple VRRP backup groups in devices based on the new VGMP protocol, and can guarantee the state consistency of multiple VRRP backup groups so as to realize reliable transmission of services requiring the consistency of to-and-fro paths. Meanwhile, embodiments of the invention can decrease the switching delay of the VRRP so as to meet the demands of telecommunication level carrier network when the VRRP is employed to perform route backup.

Abstract: A terminal including a packet detecting unit, a user input/output unit, a CID managing unit, and a data storing unit is disclosed. The packet detecting unit determines whether a packet can be classified by a pre-established packet classification rule or a packet cannot be classified by the rules. For packets that cannot be classified, the user input/output unit receives QoS information from a user. The CID managing unit generates a new packet classification rule for the unclassified packet, checks a CID in a data storing unit, the CID having the same QoS class as that of the QoS parameter input through the user input/output unit, and determines whether to generate a new CID or to add the new packet classification rule to the pre-established CID. The data storing unit storing unit Stores the new packet classification rule generated by the CID managing unit and information on the CID.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for signal processing which enable data compression and recovery with high transmission efficiency are disclosed. Data coding and entropy coding are performed with correlation and grouping is used to increase coding efficiency. A method for signal processing, the method indues decapsulating the signal received over an Internet protocol network, obtaining a group reference value corresponding to a plurality of data included in one group through grouping and a difference value corresponding the group reference value from the decapsulated signal and obtaining the data using the group reference value and the difference value.

Abstract: A method is provided by which an information-bearing message may be inferred by the receiver on the basis of which one of the M communication channels was used for transmission.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for designing operation schedules of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and a multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modem (MIMO-OFDM modem) thereof. According to the present invention, an operation speed of an FFT operator is set up, a receiving symbol is arranged in an OFDM symbol duration in an FFT after receiving the symbol, a transmitting symbol is arranged in an OFDM symbol duration in the FFT schedule before transmitting the symbol, a transmitting/receiving symbol which has the same timing is inserted into an idle symbol duration of the FFT schedule, an FFT schedule which is good to be deleted is deleted, and symbols of the deleted FFT schedule are re-arranged in order to not have an error occur in transmitting/receiving timing.

Abstract: In a center-side terminal of an optical network, said center-side terminal connectable to a plurality of subscriber-side terminals via a passive optical splitter, a subscriber processing storing section is adapted to store a relationship between subscriber numbers regarding the subscriber-side terminals and processing contents allocated thereto, and a processing section is adapted to perform a processing upon a packet received from the subscriber-side terminals or to be transmitted thereto. The processing is determined in accordance with the relationship stored in the subscriber processing storing section using one of the subscriber numbers regarding the packet.

Abstract: Locating hardware faults in a parallel computer, including defining within a tree network of the parallel computer two or more sets of non-overlapping test levels of compute nodes of the network that together include all the data communications links of the network, each non-overlapping test level comprising two or more adjacent tiers of the tree; defining test cells within each non-overlapping test level, each test cell comprising a subtree of the tree including a subtree root compute node and all descendant compute nodes of the subtree root compute node within a non-overlapping test level; performing, separately on each set of non-overlapping test levels, an uplink test on all test cells in a set of non-overlapping test levels; and performing, separately from the uplink tests and separately on each set of non-overlapping test levels, a downlink test on all test cells in a set of non-overlapping test levels.

Abstract: A method for numbering a plurality of frames with sequence numbers is implemented in a wireless network device having a plurality of data units, and includes the steps of: providing receiver addresses of the data units; and numbering each data unit with a respective sequence number according to the receiver address of the data unit. A WLAN device employing the method is also disclosed for avoiding denial of service (DoS) attacks and man-in-the-middle attacks.