Abstract: A multiple particle reduced order model to adjust charging applied to a load based on accurately predicting lithium plating potential in real time during the life of a lithium battery cell. In the current multi-particle reduced order modeling system, the current density and the potential distributions are solved iteratively. Once the current distribution is solved, lithium concentration distribution is solved without involving any iterative process. By solving the lithium concentration distribution as a separate step after the iteratively determined current density and potential distributions, the computation time required by the model to generate an output is dramatically reduced by avoiding solving multiple partial derivative equations iteratively. Based on the potential distribution information provided by the output of the model, lithium plating potential can be determined, and actions can be taken, such as modified charging techniques and rates, to minimize future lithium plating.

Abstract: An anode structure for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries that have a high-capacity are provided. The anode structure, which is made utilizing an anodic etching process, is of unitary construction and includes a non-porous region and a porous region including a top porous layer (Porous Region 1) having a first thickness and a first porosity, and a bottom porous layer (Porous Region 2) located beneath the top porous layer and forming an interface with the non-porous region. At least an upper portion of the non-porous region and the entirety of the porous region are composed of silicon, and the bottom porous layer has a second thickness that is greater than the first thickness, and a second porosity that is greater than the first porosity.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in part, to methods of preparing a safety battery. Methods can include dispensing a safety ink formulation between the two poles of a battery. Upon exposure to moisture, the formulation provides an electrical connection between two poles, thus minimizing electrical discharge and/or reducing the formation of electrochemically generated ions at the pole(s).

Abstract: Systems and methods for transitioning a fuel cell system between operating modes. The fuel cell system may be a SOFC system comprising Ni-containing anodes. The transitions may be from a shutdown mode to a hot standby mode, from a hot standby mode to a power ready hot standby mode, from a power ready hot standby mode to an operating mode, from an operating mode to a power ready hot standby mode, from a power ready hot standby mode to a hot standby mode, from a hot standby mode to a shutdown mode, and from an operating mode to a shutdown mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery electrode including: a collector positioned between an external wire and an electrode active material to transfer electrons; and an electrode mixture layer coated on the collector, wherein the electrode mixture layer includes a cross-linked polymer, an electrode active material, and a binder, and the cross-linked polymer is formed by a cross-linked bond between a first polymerization unit and a second polymerization unit to have an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: The specification discloses a monitor, a system, and a method for monitoring the electrolyte level in a cell of a multi-cell battery. The system may be powered by leads attached across any one or more cells of the battery. The system includes an electrically conductive probe, having its own wire, that may be installed in any battery cell. The probe is current sampled to provide one or more signals used to determine if the probe is in physical contact with the electrolyte (indicating acceptable electrolyte level). The probe may be sampled as a cathode and as an anode. The probe may be sampled using PWM (pulse width modulation). The probe may be sampled using current limiting.

Abstract: A gas diffusion electrode substrate has an electrically conductive porous substrate and a microporous layer-1 on one side of the electrically conductive porous substrate. The microporous layer-1 includes a dense portion A and a dense portion B. The dense portion A is a region containing a fluorine resin and a carbonaceous powder having a primary particle size of 20 nm to 39 nm. The dense portion A has a thickness of 30% to 100% with respect to the thickness of the microporous layer-1 as 100% and a width of 10 ?m to 200 ?m. The dense portion B is a region containing a fluorine resin and a carbonaceous powder having a primary particle size of 40 nm to 70 nm.

Abstract: One variation of a battery unit includes: a substrate including silicon and defining a cell, wherein the cell includes a base encompassed by a continuous wall and a set of posts extending normal to the base; an electrolyte material coating vertical surfaces of each post, in the set of posts, and vertical surfaces of the continuous wall in the cell; a cathode material filling the cell over the electrolyte material, between posts in the set of posts, and between the set of posts and the continuous wall; a seal extending along a top of the continuous wall; and a cathode current collector bonded to the seal, electrically coupled to the cathode material, and cooperating with the substrate to enclose the cell to form a single-cell battery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealing apparatus having a structure in which an application area of pressure and heat is increased by a pair of sealing blocks and a pressurization part extending from the sealing block. In the sealing apparatus according to the present invention based on the structure, when the sealing-planned part is pressurized, heat and pressure may be applied to the sealing-planned part or an insulating film to be extended, and thus an electrode lead and the sealing-planned part adjacent thereto may be firmly bonded.

Abstract: A protected lithium electrode structure for a lithium-air battery includes a negative electrode current collector, a negative electrode active material layer, which is made of a lithium metal, an alloy or a compound mainly containing lithium, which is stacked on the negative electrode current collector, and a separator stacked on the negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode active material layer is sealed by the separator and the negative electrode current collector. A fine powder capturing layer for fine powder lithium metal produced during charging and discharging is provided between the negative electrode active material layer and the separator.

Abstract: Provided is a stacked all-solid-state battery including a plurality of all-solid-state batteries, each all-solid-state battery including a cathode layer that has a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer containing a cathode active material and formed on the cathode current collector, an anode layer that has an anode current collector and an anode active material layer containing an anode active material and formed on the anode current collector, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer and containing a solid electrolyte having a lithium ion conductivity. The plurality of all-solid-state batteries are stacked, and the plurality of all-solid-state batteries include two adjacent all-solid-state batteries, the two all-solid-state batteries being configured such that the cathode current collector of one all-solid-state battery is directly joined to the anode current collector of the other all-solid-state battery.

Abstract: Provided is a separator for an electrochemical device, the separator having excellent denseness, resistance, and wettability by electrolytic solutions. A separator for an electrochemical device, the separator being interposed between a pair of electrodes and being capable of holding an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte, wherein the separator for an electrochemical device comprises solvent-spun regenerated cellulose fibers in which the core portion has an average fiber diameter of 1-11 ?m, the separator having a thickness of from 5 to 100 ?m, a density of from 0.25 to 0.9 g/cm3, and a curvature rate of from 1.5 to 15.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery module, as well as a battery pack and a vehicle comprising the same. The battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, each having an accommodation portion in which an electrode assembly is accommodated and a sealing portion for sealing the accommodation portion, thermal-conductive sheets configured to surround at least a part of the battery cells in surface contact with the battery cells, side cooling fins located at an inner side of the thermal-conductive sheets and at least partially in contact with the accommodation portions of the battery cells, and a cooling plate in contact with the thermal-conductive sheet.

Abstract: In an AMFC, in the formation of a CCM, the anode catalyst layer is selectively cross-linked while the cathode catalyst layer is not cross-linked. This has been found to provide structural stabilization of the CCM without loss of initial power value for a CCM without cross-linking.

Abstract: (Problem to be Solved) The present invention was made in view of the above-described problems, with an object of providing a Li—P—S-based sulfide solid electrolyte material with both excellent electrochemical stability and a high lithium ion conductivity, providing a method of producing the Li—P—S-based sulfide solid electrolyte material, and providing a lithium battery including the sulfide solid electrolyte material. (Solution) There is provided a sulfide solid electrolyte material including a Li element, a P element, and a S element and having peaks at positions of 2?=17.90±0.20, 29.0±0.50, and 29.75±0.25? in powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a Cu-K? ray having an X-ray wavelength of 1.5418 ?, in which assuming that the diffraction intensity of the peak at 2?=17.90±0.20 is IA and the diffraction intensity of the peak at 2?=18.50±0.20 is IB, a value of IB/IA is less than 0.50.

Abstract: A sulfur composite cathode material and a preparation method thereof. After a sulfur-containing suspension is mixed with a host material, the isolated sulfur of large particles is transformed into a uniform sulfur coating on the surface of the host material through the “solid-liquid-solid” phase transition process of elemental sulfur. The organic solvent is removed to obtain a sulfur composite cathode material; and the host material comprises a carbon material. By utilizing the dissolving-precipitating balance of the elemental sulfur in the selected organic solvent, through the strong interaction between the carbon material and the elemental sulfur dissolved in the organic solvent, the sulfur dissolved in the solution is continuously deposited on the surface of the host material, and the undissolved sulfur particles is continuously dissolved in the organic solvent, and then continuously deposited on the surface of the sulfur-carrying material, so as to obtain a uniform sulfur composite cathode material.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a can having a curvature and an opening at a side thereof; an electrode assembly accommodated in the can; a cap assembly including a cap plate sealing the opening of the can and an electrode pin in a center of the cap plate; and an insulating case between the electrode assembly and the cap assembly, the insulating case including a first insulating unit and a second insulating unit that are separated from each other.

Abstract: To melt and diffuse metallic foreign bodies immixed in electrodes of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery before initial charging, electrodes wound with a separator between a cathode plate and an anode plate are placed in a battery case and the battery case is filled with an electrolyte. After the case has been filled, the electrolyte is allowed to permeate into the electrodes. Then, the electrolyte-filled battery is placed in a processing device, and fixed with a surface pressure between at least 0.1 MPa and 5.0 MPa. Thereafter, the cathode potential is adjusted and held for a period of one hour and 35 hours while the battery remains fixed, after which the pre-initial charging process is terminated.

Abstract: Process for producing an alkali metal-sulfur battery, comprising: (a) Preparing a first conductive porous structure; (b) Preparing a second conductive porous structure; (c) Injecting or impregnating a first suspension into pores of the first conductive porous structure to form an anode electrode, wherein the first suspension contains an anode active material, an optional conductive additive, and a first electrolyte; (d) Injecting or impregnating a second suspension into pores of the second conductive porous structure to form a cathode electrode, wherein the second suspension contains a cathode active material (selected from sulfur, lithium polysulfide, sodium polysulfide, sulfur-polymer composite, organo-sulfide, sulfur-carbon composite, sulfur-graphene composite, or a combination thereof), an optional conductive additive, and a second electrolyte; and (e) Assembling the anode electrode, a separator, and a cathode electrode into the battery.

Abstract: To provide a graphene compound having an insulating property and an affinity for lithium ions. To increase the molecular weight of a substituent included in a graphene compound. To provide a graphene compound including a chain group containing an ether bond or an ester bond. To provide a graphene compound including a substituent containing one or more branches. To provide a graphene compound including a substituent including at least one of an ester bond and an amide bond.