Abstract: Compounds, methods, uses, compositions, kits and packages for the prevention and/or treatment of neural injury or a neurodegenerative disease, based on the use of a retinoic acid derivative, such as fenretinide, and/or analogs, derivatives, prodrugs, precursors thereof, and/or salts thereof, are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to the formula I: Where Ra is H or an optionally OH-substituted C1-C3 alkyl; R1 is OR1, an optionally substituted C4-12 carbocyclic group which may be saturated or unsaturated (including aromatic) or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; R1 is an optionally substituted C1-C14 hydrocarbyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; R2, R3 and R4 are each independently H, an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group (preferably CH3, CH2CH3 or CF3), halogen (preferably F, Cl, Br), OR, CN, NO2, a C1-C6 thioether, a C1-C6 thioester group, an optionally substituted CO2R group, an optionally substituted COR group or an optionally substituted OCOR group (preferably R4 is H); R is H or an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl group; RHET is an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or polymorphs thereof.

Abstract: Gastric retentive dosage forms for sustained release of acamprosate are described which may allow once- or twice-daily dosing for both acute and long-term treatment of a disorder including alcohol dependence, tinnitus, sleep apnea, Parkinson's disease, levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Cortical spreading depression, migraine, schizophrenia, anxiety, tardive dyskinesia, spasticity, multiple sclerosis, various types pain, or binge eating. Methods of treatment using the dosage forms and methods of making the dosage forms are also described.

Abstract: A class of acridone compounds has been discovered that exhibits chemosensitizing and antiparasitic activity. Described herein are pharmaceutical compositions and methods for their use to treat parasitic infections, such as malaria and toxoplasmosis, and to sensitize resistant cells, such as multidrug resistant cells to other therapeutic agents. The pharmaceutical compositions and methods may also be used to treat and/or prevent psychotic diseases such as schizophrenia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new use of lignan-type compounds or an extract of nutmeg or aril of nutmeg comprising the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for skin whitening comprising a lignan-type compound or an extract of nutmeg or aril of nutmeg comprising the same. Because the lignan compound represented by Chemical Formulas 1 to 3 or the extract of nutmeg or aril of nutmeg has superior skin whitening activity by inhibiting melanin production and tyrosinase activity, it can be used for the preparation of a cosmetic composition, food composition or pharmaceutical composition for skin whitening.

Abstract: At least one compound selected from among coumarin and/or derivative thereof, butylated hydroxyanisole, ethoxyquine and mixtures thereof, and admixtures thereof with other active agents selected from among active agents for combating desquamative conditions of the scalp, plant extracts having propigmenting activity and active agents that slow hair loss and/or promote hair regrowth, are useful for preventing and/or limiting and/or stopping the development of canities.

Abstract: A series of fused bicyclic pyridine and pyrazine derivatives, substituted directly on the pyridine or pyrazine ring by a functional group attached via a sulphur-containing linkage, being selective inhibitors of P13 kinase enzymes, are accordingly of benefit in medicine, for example in the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, oncological, nociceptive or ophthalmic conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of p38 MAP kinase inhibitors and p38 MAP kinase inhibition to promote wound healing.

Abstract: Provided are tris-quaternary ammonium compounds which are modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Also provided are methods of using the compounds for modulating the function of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and for the prevention and/or treatment of central nervous system disorders, substance use and/or abuse and/or gastrointestinal tract disorders.

Abstract: Rapid and accurate determination of the formulation orientation of multi-layer capsule-shaped tablets with respect to different internal formulation layers proximate to the opposite narrow and rounded ends of the tablets is required. By including an appropriate color scheme in multi-layer osmotic tablets, detection of the formulation orientation is achieved by detecting the color at a spot location on a side of the tablet corresponding to one or another formulation layer or to one or another interface of two formulation layers depending on the formulation orientation of the tablet.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a composition for treating the surfaces of livestock buildings and/or the material therein in order to eliminate and/or inhibit pathogenic protozoa, and in particular coccidiosis oocysts. According to the invention, said composition essentially comprises the combination of an alkylamine and of a quaternary ammonium or of a quaternary ammonium derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to dioxaspiroketal derivatives of formula (I): wherein R, is selected from the group consisting of H, straight or branched chain C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, phenyl, optionally para-, meta- or ortho-substituted with 0 to 3 substituent selected from halogen, —CN, —NH2, —OH, —NO2, COOR2, wherein R2 is selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl, n is 1 or 2, X is O or S, R1 is selected from H, OH, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, COOR3, wherein R3 is selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl, or physiologically acceptable salts thereof, process for preparation thereof, their uses in medical field, in particular as anti-tumor medicaments.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, for reducing, preventing, mitigating and treating damage caused by radiation. The methods comprise delivering a compound, as described herein, to a patient in an amount and dosage regimen effective to prevent, mitigate or treat damage caused by radiation or to mitigate apoptosis. The compounds comprise glyburide or other sulfonylurea hypoglycemic compounds or potassium channel inhibitors.

Abstract: An allantoin-containing skin cream composition can comprise allantoin and at least one anionic or nonionic emulsifier that is substantially hydrophilic and is soluble in water. The composition is in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. The pH of the composition is in a range of from about 3.0 to about 6.0; preferably, the pH of the composition is from about 5.0 to about 6.0. The composition can further comprise an acidic anionic polymer. A preferred acidic anionic polymer is a carboxypolymethylene polymer. The composition can further comprise a carbohydrate polymer such as galactoarabinan, polygalactose or polyarabinose. The composition can additionally comprise other ingredients such as herbal extracts, an antioxidant component, an emollient component, a chelator, a solvent component, or a preservative component. The composition is useful as a skin protectant.

Abstract: An allantoin-containing skin cream composition can comprise allantoin and at least one anionic or nonionic emulsifier that is substantially hydrophilic and is soluble in water. The composition is in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. The pH of the composition is in a range of from about 3.0 to about 6.0; preferably, the pH of the composition is from about 5.0 to about 6.0. The composition can further comprise an acidic anionic polymer. A preferred acidic anionic polymer is a carboxypolymethylene polymer. The composition can further comprise a carbohydrate polymer such as galactoarabinan, polygalactose or polyarabinose. The composition can additionally comprise other ingredients such as herbal extracts, an antioxidant component, an emollient component, a chelator, a solvent component, or a preservative component. The composition is useful as a skin protectant.

Abstract: An allantoin-containing skin cream composition can comprise allantoin and at least one anionic or nonionic emulsifier that is substantially hydrophilic and is soluble in water. The composition is in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. The pH of the composition is in a range of from about 3.0 to about 6.0; preferably, the pH of the composition is from about 5.0 to about 6.0. The composition can further comprise an acidic anionic polymer. A preferred acidic anionic polymer is a carboxypolymethylene polymer. The composition can further comprise a carbohydrate polymer such as galactoarabinan, polygalactose or polyarabinose. The composition can additionally comprise other ingredients such as herbal extracts, an antioxidant component, an emollient component, a chelator, a solvent component, or a preservative component. The composition is useful as a skin protectant.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for agonizing a type-2 orexin receptor (OX2R) in a cell determined to be in need thereof, including the general method of (a) administering to a subject a cyclic guanidinyl OX2R agonist and (b) detecting a resultant enhanced wakefulness or increased resistance to diet-induced accumulation of body fat, or abbreviated recovery from general anesthesia or jet lag.

Abstract: Compounds, e.g., of formula (I) and (Ia), pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of using the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treating pain disorders, e.g., disorders associated with cephalic pain, are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) which are inhibitors of purine nucleoside phosphorylases (PNPs) and/or nucleoside hydrolases (NHs). The invention also relates to the use of these compounds in the treatment of diseases and infections including cancer, bacterial infections, protozoal infections, and T-cell mediated disease and to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.

Abstract: Novel methods for treating or reducing the likelihood of acquiring vaginal dysfunctions, more particularly vaginal dryness and dyspareunia, leading to sexual dysfunction and low sexual desire and performance , in susceptible warm-blooded animals including humans involving administration of a sex steroid precursor. Further administration of estrogen or selective estrogen receptor modulator, particularly those selected from the group consisting of Raloxifene, Arzoxifene, Tamoxifen, Droloxifene, Toremifene, Iodoxifene, GW 5638, TSE-424, ERA-923, and lasofoxifene, and more particularly compounds having the general structure: is specifically disclosed for the medical treatment and/or inhibition of development of some of these above-mentioned diseases. Pharmaceutical compositions for delivery of active ingredient(s) and kit(s) useful to the invention are also disclosed.