Abstract: Shredding machines and a process for recycling used vehicular tires comprising a primary shredder and process, a secondary shredder and process, a granulator and a first process, a material separating means and process, and a granulator and a second process. The primary shredder having parallel counter rotating shafts to which a plurality of cylindrical spur gear-shaped cutters with teeth are attached at proportional distances. The shafts are positioned relative to one another such that a cutter attached to the first shaft fits in the proportional space between two identical cutters on the second shaft. The edges of the top lands and bottom lands of each cutter tooth perform the cutting operation. Thus the power requirement of the primary shredder can be reduced by nearly 90%. The secondary shredder having a reel-type cutter known in the art. The granulator comprising an improved grinding machine with mating grinding discs with working surfaces separated by a controlled gap.

Abstract: A process for making a toothbrush having three brush heads that self-adjust to maintain contact with the surfaces of the teeth and the gums. The three brush heads are independently attached to a single handle through elongated flexible arms and adjust independently to maintain contact with the surfaces of different size teeth and gums. The two brush heads whose bristles contact the sides of the teeth are slanted at a predetermined angle.

Abstract: Wire is wound from spool 10 onto drum 15 where a multiple strand rope is formed and gripped at multiple locations. The gripped rope is cut into individual bundles, one end of each bundle being bonded to join the wires of the bundle together. The tufts may then be used to form a brush seal.

Abstract: Apparatus for reducing particulate materials such as paper-making pulp, including a housing defining a working chamber having an inlet and an outlet for flow of particulate material therethrough. There is a rotary shaft supported in said housing, and rotors and stators are mounted on the shaft within said working chamber. Radially extending annular rigid refining surfaces are mounted on the outer portions of the rotor plates and stator plates and the rotor plates and stator plates provide complementary rigid refining surfaces mounted in the chamber and cooperating in confronting relation with the refining surfaces so that in the relative rotation of the refining surfaces particulate material flowing through the working chamber and between the refining surfaces is refined. The refining surfaces are capable of having a wobbling motion with respect to the portions of the plates mounted on the shaft.

Abstract: A machine for making staves includes a first section and a second section with each section including components for cutting one side of a blank in a manner inclined to the blank's lengthwise axis. Conveyors on each section are equipped with lugs for propelling the blanks with each lug having a foot to support a lug engaged end of the blank against laterally applied loads imparted by wheel members. Additionally supporting each of the conveyed blanks on each section is a fence on each section with the lug foot and the fence serving to maintain the blank in a skewed position to present a displaced side edge to a cutter head. The fence on the second section additionally supports the blank against lateral loads applied in an opposite direction by wheels biasing the blank into fence and lug engagement to skew in an opposition direction. A cutter head on the second section of the machine completes shaping of the blank by cutting a second side edge inclined to the stave's lengthwise axis.

Abstract: Material reducing apparatus having a drive arrangement for a pair of shafts carrying double edge cutter discs, motor driven transmissions for each shaft having different speed characteristics for reducing motor speeds to double digit speeds, bearings mounted in pillow blocks so that the pillow blocks can be opened to allow removal of the bearings so the shafts carrying the double edge cutters can be repositioned to present the cutters selectively to reduce material with either edge of the double edge cutters. The drive arrangement is also duplicated at the opposite ends of the pair of shafts for selective connection to drive the shafts either by one of the drive arrangements or by the duplicate drive arrangement.

Abstract: A bale opener assembly includes a travelling apparatus detaching fiber tufts from surfaces of fiber bales supported along the travel path; and a fiber tuft removing apparatus for removing the fiber tufts from the travelling apparatus by suction. The fiber tuft removing apparatus has a stationary suction channel extending along the travel path and having a longitudinal aperture oriented generally parallel to the travel path; a flexible cover belt stationarily covering major length portions of the longitudinal aperture; a guide mechanism mounted on the travelling apparatus for deflecting the cover belt away from and then back onto the longitudinal aperture, whereby in the suction channel a fiber tuft intake opening is provided which co-travels with the travelling apparatus and through which fiber tufts are introduced into the suction channel from the travelling apparatus during operation.

Abstract: A rotor for use in an impact crusher or in a hammer mill is assembled of two or more coaxial metallic discs having neighboring hubs and axially spaced apart radially outermost portions which define annular clearances for introduction of a welding implement. Such implement is used to apply annular welded seams which bond the ends of the hubs to each other. The welded seams are provided at the peripheral surfaces of the hubs. The hubs are mechanically coupled to each other by bolts prior to making of the welded seams. The radially outermost portions of the discs are thereupon connected with hammers or beater bars, depending on the intended use of the rotor.

Abstract: A crusher comprises a cylindrical body, a lining supported by a portion of the cylindrical body and forming an annular track, the supporting cylindrical body portion having a prismatic interior surface, and at least one roller arranged to roll on the annular track. The lining consists of plates having a concave interior surface shaped to form a rolling surface of the annular track and a flat exterior surface resting on the prismatic interior surface of the supporting cylindrical body portion. This reduces the risk of breakage of the lining plates under the pressure applied thereto by the roller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating paper fiber from mixed waste materials which contain one or more sources of paper fiber in order to obtain substantially pure paper fiber which can be recycled to high grade end uses is disclosed. In addition, the process and apparatus separates plastic with or without metal in order to obtain substantially pure plastic which can be recycled to high grade end uses.

Abstract: Individual tufts of bristles are picked from a supply of pre-cut bristles having rounded utilization-side ends and transferred to a vise. The vise has a number of through holes arranged in a pattern corresponding to that of the tufts on the finished tooth brushes. While tufts of bristles are held in the through holes of the vise with their ends projecting on both sides, a die member having a profiled face is advanced into engagement with the ends of the bristles to move them axially through the holes of the vise and with respect to each other until both ends of the bristles are aligned in parallel planes corresponding in shape to that of the profiled face. The tufts of bristles are now clamped in the vise and transferred to the brush body head to be implanted therein.

Abstract: A hammer for use in shredders and comprising a hammer holder with a dovetail key and a hammer tip having a dovetail groove shaped to receive the dovetail key. The hammer tip is slidably engageable with the hammer holder by sliding the dovetail groove over the dovetail key. Centrifugal force from the hammer rotation keeps the tip secured to the holder. The hammer tip is also wider than the hammer holder in order to protect the holder from wear and tear.

Abstract: The pin holes for hammers used in shredders can be changed without the need for removing the hammer pins. A single elliptical hammer pin slot is provided in the hammer. A hammer pin is inserted into one end of the elliptical hammer pin slot and a removable plug is inserted into the slot at the hammer pin thereby securing the pin to the hammer. The pin hole can be changed upon normal wear and tear by removing the plug and sliding the hammer to move the pin to the opposite pin hole at the opposite curved section of the elliptical pin slot. The plug is reinserted at the opposite pin hole thereby securing the pin to the hammer.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for material bed comminution of brittle material for grinding, with two roll-like comminuting tools, in which the length:diameter ratio is in each case less than 1 and of which one tool is fixed and the other is mounted so as to be movable, wherein a working gap distance is maintained between the two comminuting tools in the unloaded starting position and the comminuted material for grinding is substantially pressed to form agglomerated scabs. In order to ensure a relatively low wear and a relatively maintenance-free operation the length:diameter ratio of the comminuting tools is less than approximately 0.3 and the diameter of the roll-like comminuting tools is chosen to be sufficiently great that the scab thickness is always greater than the working gap distance.

Abstract: An agitator mill comprises a milling container and a rotor mounted therein. The rotor is built up in axial direction of individual rings and is provided with radially projecting agitator tools being integral with the rings and consisting of a wear-resisting material of good heat conduction. The rings are cooled by a cooling medium at their surfaces facing away from the grinding area.

Abstract: A paper shredder includes a pair of cutting rollers and individual strippers mounted on support rods. The strippers extend essentially from the lower and upper outer sides of the cutting mechanism between the cutting disks to the respective roller body. The strippers preferably have crowned stripper portions. A stripper is arranged at the lower side of the cutting mechanism in each gap formed between two adjacent cutting disks by the comb-like engagement of a cutting disk of the opposite cutting roller. Individual auxiliary strippers engaging in every fourth to fifth cutting roller gap are arranged on the upper side of the cutting mechanism. The support rods for the strippers are arranged from the respective outer diameter of the cutting disks at a distance to form openings, wherein the distance is preferably two to ten times the width of the cutting roller gap.