Abstract: A phenylpiperidine derivative or pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X represents CH or N; Y--Z represents CH.sub.2 --O, CH.sub.2 --S, CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2, CH.dbd.CH or CONR.sup.5 (wherein R.sup.5 represents hydrogen or lower alkyl); R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen, lower alkoxy or trifluoromethyl; and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and each represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or QR.sup.6 (wherein Q represents a single bond or lower alkylene, and R.sup.6 represents hydroxy, lower alkoxyalkoxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, nitro, halogen, lower alkanoyloxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkanoyl or carboxyl).The present invention provides novel phenylpiperidine derivatives useful as analgesics.

Abstract: New methods are described for the treatment of viral hepatitis C involving the administration of vitamin E and other compounds with antioxidant properties. Treatment with high doses of vitamin E is effective in treating chronic hepatitis C in patients refractory to interferon. In addition, new methods are described for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis and hepatic conditions manifesting hepatic fibrosis involving the administration of butylated hydroxytoluene and a metabolite of pentoxifylline, 1-[3-carboxypropyl]-3, 7-dimethylxanthine.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1, Formula 2 or Formula 3 where X is O, S, or (CR.sub.1 R.sub.1).sub.n where n is 0, 1 or 2; Y is a bivalent radical having Formula 4 or Formula 5 where o is an integer from 1 to 4 ##STR1## or Y is a bivalent aryl or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl radical having 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, S and O, said aryl or heteroaryl groups being unsubstituted, or substituted with 1 to 3 C.sub.1-6 alkyl or with 1 to 3 C.sub.1-6 fluoroalkyl groups; and the remaining symbols have the meaning described in the specification, have RXR selective retinoid agonist-like activity.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-hydroxy-6-trifluoromethylpyridine which comprises reacting 2-fluoro-6-trifluomethylpyridine or a mixture of 2-fluoro-6-trifluoromethylpyridine and 2-chloro-6-trifluoromethylpyridine with an alkali metal hydroxide at a temperature of from 50.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. and acidifying the product so formed.

Abstract: Provided is an electron donating dye precursor represented by the following formula (1), (2), (3) or (4) as defined in the specification which each singly develops two colors upon color forming reaction with one kind of an electron accepting color developer depending on change in the heat energy applied. Furthermore, a heat-sensitive recording material comprising a support and a recording layer containing said electron donating dye precursor and an electron accepting color developer is provided. Moreover, a method for heat sensitive recording of multi-color images using said heat-sensitive recording material is provided.

Abstract: Novel heterocyclic compounds which generate chemiluminescence on reaction with a phosphatase enzyme are provided as well as a process for their preparation and intermediates useful therein. The compounds comprise a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur-containing heterocyclic ring system bearing an exocyclic carbon-carbon double bond. The double bond is further substituted at the distal carbon with a phosphate group and an oxygen or sulfur atom-containing group.Novel compositions further comprising a cationic aromatic compound (CAC) in addition to the heterocyclic phosphate compound are provided. The addition of the CAC in the composition greatly increases the production of chemiluminescence and provides improved detection sensitivity. Compositions further comprising an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant provide additional improvements in detection sensitivity.

Abstract: Donepezil hydrochloride, 1-benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanon)-2-yl]methylpiperidine hydrochloride, is provided here in the form of four polymorphs which are stable against heat and humidity in the pharmaceutical use. They can be industrially produced. They are specified by peaks in X-ray powder diffraction pattern and absorption peaks in infrared absorption spectra in potassium bromide.

Abstract: The invention relates to lipid mixture compositions comprising one or more cholesteryl esters in an amount of at least about 25% by weight of the composition, and less than about 5% by weight of sphingolipid, as well as cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations for topical application to the lips containing the lipid mixture.

Abstract: Hair styling gels containing a carboxylated polyurethane resin, a viscosity enhancer, and an optional second hair fixative resin, in an aqueous carrier, are disclosed. The styling gel compositions impart excellent hair styling, conditioning, and hair set retention properties to treated hair.

Abstract: A tertiary butyl alcohol charge stock typically contaminated with from about 0.5 to about 2 wt. % of formates and peroxides, is passed through an oxygenates decomposition reactor containing a bed of a decomposition catalyst comprising rhodium, platinum, palladium or mixture thereof at a temperature of from about 100 to about 280C to decompose the peroxides and formates, and to dehydrate a portion of the tertiary butyl alcohol to form isobutylene and water to thereby form a non-corrosive tertiary butyl alcohol feedstock that is substantially free from formates that is suitable for reaction with methanol in a methyl tertiary butyl ether etherification reactor to form a non-corrosive methyl tertiary butyl ether etherification reaction product from which methyl tertiary butyl ether can be recovered.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for correcting refractive errors of the eye are disclosed. Accelerated reshaping of the corneal tissue is accomplished by administering one or more enzymes and/or other agents to the eye which temporarily soften the cornea. The cornea is thereafter fitted with a rigid contact lens or a series of lenses which have a concave curvature that will correct a refractive error. The softened cornea then rapidly reshapes its convex curvature to the concave curvature of the contact lens or series of lenses, thereby rendering the eye emmetropic. The enzymes and/or other agents then dissipate from the cornea, and the cornea "hardens" to retain the new emmetropic shape. After "hardening" has occurred, the lens rendering the eye emmetropic is removed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing (R)-3-hydroxy-4-butyrolactone from its enantiomer, (S)-3-hydroxy-4-butyrolactone. The (R)-enantiomer can be advantageously utilized in several organic synthesis and industrial processes, such as e.g. GABOB and (R)-carnitine preparation.

Abstract: A novel ascorbic acid derivative having both sufficiently improved stability and liposolubility, and facilitated cellular uptake. Also disclosed is a process for producing the derivative and a composition capable of effectively providing the action of vitamin C, for use in medical preparations, agricultural chemicals, animal drugs, foods, feeds or cosmetic preparations. The ascorbic acid derivative is a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R represents an acyl group having eleven or more carbon atoms and n is 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulation of herbal cream for cracked heels and palms. Since the components in the formulation are from herbal sources it is very safe and eco-friendly and does not produce any harmful effects on the skin. It is comprised of a natural wax as an emulsifier, extract of curcuma and the gum of Acacia or Colophonium or Shorea. The gum gives a synergistic effect in binding and healing the skin with natural wound healing herbal extract selected from the aqueous extracts of curcuma, neem and allantonin. This is combined with a wound healing fragrant oil. The natural wound healing herbal extract acts as a humectant and the gum gives an synergistic effect in binding the skin thereby reducing water loss from the skin. The cream spreads evenly and smoothly when applied on the affected parts, and quickens healing, restores natural suppleness and softness and also serves as an antiseptic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel anhydrous or water-in-oil synthetic ester compositions which are used in formulating dermatological products having uniform structure ranging in consistency from a soft gel to a hard stick. The compositions comprise a new component, dibehenyl fumaric acid ester, which has a melting point of approximately 72-74.degree. C. The dibehenyl fumaric acid ester component has exceptional benefits when used in combination with any cosmetically acceptable oil in varying ratios, to produce homogeneous materials having a uniform structure. The di-behenyl fumaric acid ester according to the present invention may be used to harden or stiffen any cosmetically acceptable oil or water-in-oil emulsions and can be used to create compositions varying widely in viscosity and/or hardness from gels to solid systems such as sticks or to enhance the stability of water-in-oil emulsions.

Abstract: A whitening powder comprises the following ingredients:______________________________________ (A) trimethylsiloxylated silicic acid anhydride 0.1 to 7 wt. % having a specific area of at least 80 m.sup.2 /g and a hydrophobicization degree of at least 50% (B) polyhydric alcohol 5 to 40 wt. % (C) water 50 to 94 wt. % (D) whitening ingredient 0.01 to 5 wt. %. ______________________________________The whitening powder is substantially free of any powder coated with a fluorine compound, the weight ratio of the ingredient (B) to the ingredient (A) is at least 1, and the sum of the ingredient (B) and the ingredient (C) accounts for at least 80 wt. % of the whitening powder.

Abstract: Compounds of peptide mimetic nature having the general formula I ##STR1## wherein a and b are independently 1 or 2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl, G and J are independently, inter alia, aromats, and D and E are independently several different groups are growth hormone secretagogous with improved bioavailability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oral compositions having enhanced organoleptic characteristics of fattiness, creaminess, soothing, satisfaction, and full mouthfeel, and comprises acylglycerol compounds having substituents R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 attached at the positions of the OH.sup.- groups of a glycerol backbone. The substituents R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids having from 16 carbon atoms to 22 carbon atoms and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1, OH, PO.sub.3 HR.sub.4, and C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 carboxylic acids, wherein R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of OH, choline, inositol, serine, and ethanolamine. The oral compositions of the present invention being substantially free of free conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## are described, as well as the process for their production and their use in pharmaceutical agents.

Abstract: There is described a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I ##STR1## in which process: a) a compound of formula II ##STR2## is reacted with an organolithium compound of formula IIILi--R.sub.7 (III)b) the resulting lithium complex is reacted with a compound of formula IVY.sub.1 --CO--CO--Y.sub.1 IVto form a compound of formula V ##STR3## c) that compound is, in either order, c1) oximated with O-methylhydroxylamine; or oximated with hydroxylamine and then methylated or fluoromethylated or difluoromethylated;c2) reacted with a chloroformic acid ester.X, m, Y, R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 and R.sub.7 are as defined in the description.