Abstract: A device is provided for coupling between a telephone line and the network, to exchange data between them. The invention includes software for the device, and methods of operation. The device detects when, in a fax/modem type transmission, the transmitted data encode silence or voice. This determines the end of the fax/modem type transmission, and then the device is switched to a more economical voice mode. The device analyzes the energy of the encoded signals. The device makes a discrimination of the type of signals (fax/modem, silence or voice) based on the time patterns of the energy. For fax/modem the pattern is relatively uniform, for silence it is uniformly low, and for voice the pattern oscillates.

Abstract: A packet network of interconnected nodes employs a method of routing with service level guarantees to determine a path through the network for a requested label-switched path (LSP). Each of the nodes includes one or more routers that forward packets based on a forwarding table constructed from paths determined in accordance with the method of routing with service level guarantees. The method of routing with service level guarantees determines the path of the requested LSP based on the effect that routing those packets of the requested LSP may have on current and/or future demands on the capacity of network nodes for currently provisioned LSPs. Such method of routing with service level guarantees may not necessarily route packets of a requested LSP along the shortest path, or minimum number of hops, through the network. Given the packet network and LSP request, a linear programming system may be defined by a set of linear programming equations for a non-split demand case.