Abstract: A process for the manufacture of glycidylesters of branched monocarboxylic acids, comprising (a) the reaction of the &agr;-branched monocarboxylic acid with a halo substituted monoepoxide such as an epihalohydrin (e.g. epichlorohydrin), in a 2-20 molar excess, in the presence of water and a water-miscible solvent as solvent, and in the presence of a catalyst, in an amount of at most 45 mol % of the molar amount of the monocarboxylic acid groups, and preferably at most 30 mol % at a temperature in the range of from 50 to 110, during a period in the range of from 0.8 to 2.5 hr, (b) addition of additional alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal alkanolate up to about an equimolar amount as to the monocarboxylic acid and reaction at a temperature of from 40 to 80° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides cationic surfactants derived from the amino derivatives of hexose alcohol, a reduced alcohol of hexose or reduced sugar of glucose, which is produced by converting 1-amino-hexose alcohol into a quaternary salt and by esterifying with fatty acid. The cationic surfactants have superior biodegradability.

Abstract: In a process for producing aromatic dicarboxylic acids which incorporates the disproportionation of a salt of an aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid to produce the unreacted salt of an aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid and the salt of the desired aromatic dicarboxylic acid, a method is disclosed for separating the salt of the desired product from the unreacted salt which comprises passing both said unreacted salt and said salt of the desired product in an aqueous solution over an adsorbent comprising an activated carbon. The process is particularly suitable for separating potassium naphthoate from 2,6-K2NDA after potassium naphthoate is disproportionated to produce 2,6-K2NDA and 1- or 2-potassium naphthoate. The adsorbent can be regenerated by the use of a displacing agent and reused without off site regeneration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing optically pure (S)-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid derivatives expressed by the following Formula 1 and more particularly, to the continuous process which enables preparing optically pure (S)-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid derivatives economically in large quantities, by: (a) Preparing &agr;-(1,4) linked oligosaccharide having adequate sugar distribution by reacting amylopectin which is easily available from natural product with enzyme under a specific condition; and (b) Performing oxidatioin by running basic anion exchange resin with an oxidant to give (S)-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid-anion exchange resin complex, dissociating the (S)-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid from anion exchange resin complex and esterification sequentially under a specific condition.  wherein Represents linear or branched alkyl group with 1˜5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the synthesis of acetyl salicylic acid comprising mixing acetic anhydride and salicylic acid in approximately or exactly stoichiometric proportions and calcium oxide or zinc oxide, obtaining a yield of a mixture of acetyl salicylic acid and calcium acetate or zinc acetate with 2% maximum of free salicylic acid content. The reaction is fast, exothermic, one-pot, non-pollutant of the environment due to the fact that it doesn't require elimination of acid residues nor requires the use of any type of organic solvent (other than such solvent activity provided by the reactants themselves), and doesn't require recrystallization since it yields a dense product which can be mixed with the common excipients for acetyl salicylic acid and compressed into tablets immediately after the synthesis process.

Abstract: Disclosed is process for the production of symmetrical fluoro-substituted anhydrides from mixed or unsymmetrical anhydrides, i.e., wherein the two carboxylic acid acyl groups of the anhydrides are different, by subjecting an unsymmetrical anhydrides to reactive distillation to produce a lower boiling product comprising a symmetrical fluorocarboxylic acid anhydride and a higher boiling product comprising a second symmetrical anhydride. The process is particularly useful for the coproduction of trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) and acetic anhydride (Ac2O) from ketene and trifluoroacetic acid wherein ketene and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) are reacted to produce a mixed anhydride, acetyl trifluoroacetate (Ac-TFA), which then is subjected to reactive distillation to produce a vapor product comprising TFAA and a liquid product comprising Ac2O.

Abstract: This invention is a process for the removal of acetaldehyde impurities from ethyl acetate formed by reacting acetic acid with ethylene over a catalyst by refining a crude mixture of ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, acetaldehye and water in a column (C) so as to remove (a) refined ethyl acetate as a base product to be further purified, and (b) light ends mixture comprising diethyl ether and acetaldehyde overhead to be fed to an aldehyde removal column; a purge comprising acetaldehyde is removed at or near the top of the aldehyde removal column. The process is a very important step in the commercial manufacture of ethyl acetate because the presence of acetaldehyde is detrimental to the esterification catalyst.

Abstract: A method of removing organic iodides from non-aqueous organic media includes contacting the organic media with a silver or mercury-exchanged cationic ion exchange substrate at a temperature greater than about 50° C. The method is particularly effective for removing high molecular weight organic iodides from organic media such as acetic acid or acetic anhydride. Particular species removed include decyl iodides and dodecyl iodides from organic media such as acetic acid.

Abstract: Provided is a method for purifying a cyanate at high yield from a cyanate crude product solution comprising a cyanate represented by the general formula (1), unsubstituted phenol and non-alcoholic solvent by contacting with a poor solvent containing an alcohol and water, to crystallize the cyanate: in the formula (1), A1 to A3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X represents a single bond, an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, a sulfone group, a divalent sulfur atom or oxygen atom; n represents an integer of 0 to 3; and i1 to i3 each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4. And also provided is a method for separating alcohol from non-alcoholic solvent effectively.

Abstract: A process for the purification of organic isocyanates or isocyanate mixtures in which the amount of chlorine compound(s) present is reduced by mixing the isocyanate(s) or isocyanate mixtures with a gel-type or macroporous, anion-exchanging organic material having tertiary and/or quaternary amino groups. The process renders possible a purification of the isocyanates from chlorine-containing compounds which is milder than in conventional processes and is therefore particularly suitable for temperature-sensitive isocyanates.

Abstract: A compound of the following formula (I): wherein R1 is hydrogen or C1-7 acyl, R2 is C1-3 alkylene, n is 0 or 1. Novel dyestuff intermediates of formula (I) compound of the present invention can be used to synthesis many kinds of dyestuffs. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous phase process for purifying long-chain dicarboxylic acids from a liquid containing a long-chain dicarboxylic acid/or a salt thereof. The invention overcomes the disadvantages of low purity and high chroma of the product obtained by using the aqueous phase process of the prior art. Through the step of crystallizing the monosalt of long-chain dicarboxylic acid, the present process reduces effectively the content of such impurities as proteins and coloring materials in the product and obtains the long-chain dicarboxylic acid product having a total acid content of greater than 99 wt % and exhibiting a white appearance.

Abstract: 8-(anilino)-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) analogs and methods for their use in analyte detection assays are provided. The subject ANS analogs are characterized by having at least one non-hydrogen substituent on their phenyl moiety and producing a reaction product with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrchloride (MBTH) or an analog thereof, e.g. MBTHSB, that exhibits reduced drift. In certain preferred embodiments, the subject ANS analogs are described by the formula: wherein: n is 1 to 5; and X is a substituent other than H. The subject ANS analogs find use in a variety of applications, particularly in analyte detection assays, such as glucose detection assays.

Abstract: A process for manufacture of &agr;,&agr;-branched carboxylic acids from linear olefins by means of reaction with carbon monoxide and an acid catalyst, characterized in that a linear olefin containing from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or a precursor thereof, is reacted in a batch reactor or a continuous reactor, with carbon monoxide and water, in the presence of a catalyst having sufficient acid groups to provide requisite protons for the formation of Koch acid, and in the presence of a polar non-coordinating organic solvent.