Abstract: Dispersing agents comprising the adducts of one or more compounds from each of the following classes:(a) an organic compound containing two or more isocyanate groups,(b) an organic compound containing two or more groups which are reactive with isocyanate groups, and(c) a compound of the formula:Z--X--E(T--D).sub.n-1 QwhereinZ represents --OH or --NHR, wherein R is alkyl;X is optionally substituted alkylene;T is alkylene;N is a positive integer;Q is optionally substituted alky;And E is a ##STR1## group wherein R' is hydrogen or alkyl, and D is a ##STR2## group provided that only one of E and D is connected to T via the carbon atom of the carbonyl group present in D and E, and at least one of the group represented by X, T, Q, R and R.sup.1 contains a carbon chain having more than 4 carbon atoms, a process for the manufacture of the said dispersing agents, and their use in the preparation of finely divided dispersions of solids in organic liquids.

Abstract: A cyanide-free molten salt carburizing process and composition comprising an alkali metal salt bath having a cover of finely divided graphite particles in a size range of about 100 mesh to about 300 mesh. The bath is operated in the temperature range of about 1550.degree. F. to 1900.degree. F. and is provided with mechanical agitation to produce entrainment of air through the surface cover and sufficient mobility of carbon monoxide coated graphite particles to produce carbon diffusion by contact into the surface of the parts immersed in the bath. Total graphite content is between about 11/2% to about 7% of the active portion of the bath. The graphite is preferably of the synthetic type so as to produce an ash content below about 1%.