Abstract: A method for recovering inorganic salt during processing of a lignocellulosic feedstock is provided. The method comprises pretreating the lignocellulosic feedstock by adding an acid to the feedstock to produce a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock. A soluble base is then added to the pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock to adjust the pH and produce a neutralized feedstock. The neutralized feedstock is then enzymatically hydrolyzed to produce an enzyme hydrolyzed feedstock and a sugar stream. Inorganic salt is recovered from either a stream obtained from the lignocellulosic feedstock prior to the step of pretreating, a stream obtained from the pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock, a stream obtained from the neutralized feedstock, a stream obtained from the sugar stream, or a combination of these streams. The inorganic salt may be concentrated, clarified, recovered and purified by crystallization, electrodialysis drying, or agglomeration and granulation, and then used as desired, for example as a fertilizer.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for identifying patients at risk of developing preeclampsia. In further embodiments, the present invention relates to methods for the diagnosis of patients with preeclampsia.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an effective method for the refolding of denatured proteins in solution so that properly folded, biologically active protein in solution is recovered in high yield. The refolding takes place at pressures between about 0.25 kbar to about 3.5 kbar, advantageously at about 1.5 kbar to about 3 kbar. Typically a chaotropic agent is present at a concentration which is not effective for denaturing protein at atmospheric pressure, and optionally, oxidation-reduction reagents can be incorporated in the refolding solution so that native intramolecular disulfide bonds can be formed where that is desired. The method is applicable to substantially all proteins, especially after solubilization and/or denaturation of insoluble protein aggregates, inclusion bodies, or abnormal oligomeric (soluble) aggregates.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the aerobic multiplication of micro-organisms. A tank with a conical bottom shape holds the fermentation broth and a circulating pump outside the tank circulates the fermentation broth from the bottom of the tank to the top. A heat exchanger maintains the desired process temperature. In accordance with the invention, the apparatus includes at least one atomizing nozzle contained within a vortex chamber for the fine atomization of the fermentation broth and for the mixing with process gas in the top of the tank above the fermentation broth. The fermentation broth in the lower portion of the tank is at a quiescent state without mechanical agitation.

Abstract: An enzyme composition and its use for isolating cells or cell clusters from tissue is disclosed. The composition includes two purified collagenase enzymes and an endoprotease. The ratio of the total FITC casein activity of the enzyme composition to the Wunsch units of activity of the masses of collagenase I and collagenase II is about 85:1 to about 3,900:1.

Abstract: A methodology and devices for detecting or monitoring or identifying chemical or microbial analytes are described. The methodology comprises four basic steps: (1) The gas or liquid medium to be monitored or analyzed is brought into contact with a bioconcentrator which is used to bind with or collect and concentrate one or more analytes. (2) The bioconcentrator-analyte complex is then exposed to radiation of one or more predetermined wavelengths to produce Raman scattering spectral bands. (3) At least a portion of the Raman spectral bands are collected and processed by a Raman spectrometer to convert the same into an electrical signal. And (4) the electrical signal is processed to detect and identify, qualitatively and/or quantitatively, the analyte(s).

Abstract: Compounds of general formula A--B--C in which: A is a monovalent radical of a L-ring molecule; B is a bivalent radical of a L-.alpha.-aminoacid; and C is a monovalent radical of a L-aromatic molecule. The compounds show an anti-hypertensive, analgesic, immuno-modulating and antiinflammatory activity, they are resistant to enzyme hydrolysis and they can be used for the preparation of drugs for oral administration.

Abstract: A biomass is provided which consists essentially of cells of dinoflagellates of the class Dinophyceae which have been cultivated to produce high cell mass and high DHA content. Biomass consisting of cells of Crypthecodinium cohnii is preferred. The cells are cultivated in an aerobic fermentor to achieve a cell density of a least 10 grams biomass per liter of nutrient solution by maintaining in the fermentor a dissolved oxygen level of at least about 10% of air saturation, and by inducing a stationary phase with a limiting nitrogen source in the nutrient solution. Under these conditions a single cell oil which contains at least 20% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the triglyceride form at a concentration of at least about 1.5 grams per liter of nutrient solution is produced in the biomass. The biomass is suitable as an aquaculture feed.

Abstract: An apparatus for resisting coagulation of blood, includes a blood container having disposed therein antibody to blood coagulation factors for resisting coagulation of blood. The apparatus further includes a needle and a holder for the needle which are both operatively associated with the blood container. The blood coagulation factor antibody inhibits coagulation of the blood drawn by the needle into the blood container so that an uncoagulated blood sample is obtained.