Abstract: The phenomenon of electroendosmosis which occurs in electrophoretic separations and interferes with the efficiency, accuracy and reproducibility of the separations, is suppressed by the inclusion in the separation medium of a dissolved hydrophilic polymer which has been modified by amine groups covalently bonded thereto, in a controlled proportion relative to the polymer. This modified polymer suppresses electroendosmosis in both flee zone electrophoresis and molecular sieve electrophoresis. When this modified polymer is used in a capillary, the reduction which it produces in the electroendosmosis is the same as that achieved by coating the capillary wall with a neutral polymer.

Abstract: Remediation of soil, concrete and groundwater using electropotential gradient induced migration of a target ion and immobilization and/or confinement of the target ion by a host receptor matrix (HRM). In addition to immobilizing and/or confining the target ion, the HRM can comprise a buffer or an ionizable species which releases an exchange ion during application of the electropotential gradient. The exchange ion, when less mobile than a (H.sup.+) ion or hydroxyl (OH.sup.-) ion, increases the efficiency of energy usage during decontamination. The exchange ion can also perform other tasks in the vicinity of the electrodes which improve the decontamination process. The host receptor matrix can comprise a material which is water impermeable and which has a low surface energy, such as a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film. When such a material is used, the host receptor matrix can comprise a receptacle in which there is a liquid and/or solid composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved gate valve having floating seal elements which are back-relieving and reversible for long-term permanent sealing under varied pressure conditions. The sealing elements are mounted in unrestrained relation in juxtaposed recesses in the fluid passage facing the movable gate with annular gaskets facing both the gate and the recesses for improved self-aligning sealing engagement therewith. The sealing elements and their annular gaskets may be reversed, interchanged, or readily replaced as desired, the valve structure being especially useful for inherently fail-safe slab type gate valves.

Abstract: A double disc gate valve of the type wherein discs are provided with wedge means which force the discs against substantially parallel opposed valve seats having at least one spherical surface between a wedge and a valve disc to allow the discs to have more freedom of movement to accommodate misalignment of the seats due to variation in manufacturing tolerances or pipe line distortion.

Abstract: A check valve of the type having a counterweight is provided wherein the counterweight is mounted on a shaft directly above the shaft carrying the valve disc, the counterweight being connected to the shaft carrying the valve disc by gearing. By mounting the counterweight above the valve disc, the valve does not require any additional width for installation and is thus adapted for installation in tight quarters.

Abstract: A flow limit shutoff valve for automatically shutting off all flow between a source of high-pressure gas and a pressure regulator when that flow exceeds a preset flow rate. The flow to the shutoff valve is metered, resulting in lowering the pressure downstream from a metering valve. A main valve has a first chamber on one side downstream from the metering valve, and the valve's outlet is connected to this first chamber. A second chamber on the opposite side is connected to the inlet pressure. The main valve is biased in the opposite direction from that urged by the inlet pressure, so as normally to keep it open, but the main valve snaps shut when the inlet pressure forces overcome the sum of the downstream gas pressure forces and the biasing forces. To enable reopening, a bypass system connects the upstream side of metering valve to the first chamber, while there is a manually operated closure for manually opening and closing off the bypass to the first chamber.

Abstract: A mechanical override is provided for use with electromechanical linear actuators used in the control of lever operated valves. A pair of telescoping tubes are supported in a fixed relationship to the valve. One tube provides a mounting location for the linear actuator while the other tube is stationary. A lead screw will be manually rotated to move one tube relative to the other. The linear actuator will travel with the moving tube to adjust the valve position.