Abstract: Electromagnetic filter, including a housing through which medium to be filtered flows, spherical bodies of ferromagnetic material disposed in the housing, a winding for magnetizing the spherical bodies, the spherical bodies having surfaces and particles of higher permeability than the spherical bodies being disposed in the surface with spacings therebetween.

Abstract: A swimming pool leaf trap and main drain assembly collects and removes leaves and other debris from the floor of a swimming pool. The assembly includes a main drain recessed in a swimming pool floor and formed with a drain opening connected to a return line. The main drain removably houses an apertured basket that receives leaves, the normal downward flow of swimming pool water through the main drain trapping the leaves within the basket. The cover of the basket is provided with a lifting ring which is engaged by a brush handle to raise the basket to the surface. During such upward movement, the downward force of water through the basket holds the leaves within the basket. An anti-vortex plate covers the main drain opening when the basket is removed from the main drain. The cover of the basket is released from the basket at the surface to permit removal of the leaves trapped within the basket.

Abstract: A filter block for filtering melt synthetic plastic materials in a process of manufacturing plastics filaments includes a plurality of layers of wire fabric arranged in superimposed relationship. From the top to the bottom the filter block comprises inlet layers, intermediate layers and outlet layers. All the layers of the intermediate portion of the filter block are of identical mesh size which is smaller than mesh size of the inlet and outlet layers. The filter block is produced by cold forming exclusively in a stamp provided with an elastic suport for a pressure plate on which filter layers to be compressed are positioned and with a rigid support, which elastic support and rigid support operate successively to obtain inlet, intermediate and outlet filter layers of differing porosity.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method and installation for purifying waste. A tank (1) is fed with the waste and with a biological filter substrate, both of which are fermented within the tank. Pipes and ducts (17, 28) supply air to an upper aerobic fermentation region and to a lower aerobic fermentation region, and ducts (22) remove gaseous and liquid products from a middle anaerobic fermentation region.The fermentation products are removed by a sweeping worm (29) and sucked by a fan (43) through a separator (33) in which heavy particles fall out (through 40) but lighter ones are retained by the suction. The product is triturated (44) and may be dried (45, 46) and made into briquettes (51) for use as fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing excess liquid and contaminants from a belt filter cake includes a perforated main belt extending over a separation drum. An anti-wear permeable belt has one portion lying against part of the main belt supported by the separation drum. There are exterior suction headers and chambers effective through the anti-wear belt and main belt and a main suction box within the separation drum for cake recovery where the main belt is in contact therewith. Wash water nozzles are within the separation drum directed toward the exterior suction headers and chambers.

Abstract: A system for utilizing and disposing of sludge and other wastes employs an artificially created perched bed and a subsurface injector system that applies such wastes in a liquid or semi-liquid state to an aerobic portion of the bed. The solids from the waste mixture are suspended in the bed while the liquids percolate through the bed to an underdrain system for collection, monitoring, further treatment, ultimate reuse, or direct discharge. The system provides closed loop disposal of the waste stream in a completely controlled environment without impact to the local environmental system. The bed's selected media can be changed into a beneficial by-product--top soil--through the addition of the waste material. Subsurface injection may be accomplished by moving an injector sweep either by a vehicle supported on the artificial bed or by a movable superstructure. Repeated applications of sludge or waste may be made to the bed without plugging due to the disruptive action of the injector sweep on the bed material.

Abstract: The invention is a device and a method for preparing serum from blood. The invention is used in conjunction with the centrifugal separation of serum from blood for filtering fibrin and other particulates from the separated serum and for partitioning the serum filtrate from unfiltered blood. During the first phase of centrifugation, a detent holds the serum preparator in check within the centripedal end of a tube containing the blood while the components of blood separate by sedimentation and backflow. Once all cellular components have sedimented to the pellet, the second phase of centrifugation begins and the sedimentation of the serum preparator is initiated by a triggering centrifugal force. During sedimentation, the serum preparator forces displaced serum to pass across a filter spanning an aperture through the serum preparator. The sedimentation velocity of the device and the rate of filtration are controlled by a brake on the serum preparator.

Abstract: A rotary filter drum in which the drum is a single cell having a perforated cylindrical wall and solid end walls. A hollow central shaft extends through the drum and its opposite ends extend axially from the end walls. The drum contains a plurality of relatively narrow elongated open-top pans that are equally spaced radially from and angularly about the central shaft. Each pan is defined by a bottom, spaced apart inner and outer sidewalls which extend the full length of the drum and the drum end walls. The pan walls are secured to the ends of the drum. The pans are located so the open tops face the direction of drum rotation and the entire leading edge of the outer sidewall of the pan is secured to the perforated cylindrical wall. A closed conduit connects the bottom portion of each pan to the central shaft which in turn connects to the vacuum source so the filtrate is removed from and vacuum applied to the interior of the drum solely through the central shaft but via the pans and connecting conduits.

Abstract: A backwashing alluvial filter has a vertical filter container, a plurality of collecting pipes removably mounted in the container, a plurality of filter elements suspended on the collecting pipes, separating walls subdividing the interior of the filter container into at least two chambers, and communicating with one another via vertical overflow shafts. Washing off of solid matter is performed by supplying a washing liquid via pipes directly under the overflow shafts.

Abstract: A filter-thickening apparatus including a thickener tank having tubular filter units suspended therein is disclosed. A liquid-solids suspension is supplied to the tank and an overflow pipe is spaced in a filtrate compartment above the filter units for draining a filtrate liquid from the tank. The filter units preferably include either an accumulator grating or a filter cloth which is sealed along narrow bands to form a pattern of filtering areas or both. Processes for filtering the liquid-solids suspension are also disclosed.

Abstract: A particle washing system and method of use is described wherein in a preferred embodiment the fluid containing the desired particles is placed within an inner tube having near the bottom thereof an orifice with a diameter at least equal to that of the diameter of the particles, and wherein the inner tube is positioned within an outer tube having a fluid with a density at least equal to that of the solution containing the particles to be separated but less than that of the particles. The application of centrifugal force to the particles directed toward the bottom of the outer tube causes the particles to move through the orifice and through the outer solution contained within the outer tube so that the particles are collected from the inner solution, washed by the outer solution, and subsequently sedimented at the bottom of the outer tube.

Abstract: A pressure vessel has a container shaped housing with a top wall provided with a plurality of filter receiving openings. A bag-shaped filter element is fitted into each housing top wall opening and is retained within the top wall housing by a hold-down ring having one of its ends pivotally secured to the top wall to permit the ring to be moved between a first position overlaying a portion of each filter to retain the filters in position within their respective top wall openings and a second position wherein the ring is pivoted upwardly from the housing top wall to permit the removal of each filter bag. A cover encloses the pressure vessel at the top wall section and the interior of the cover forms a flow path between an inlet and the filter bags such that liquid to be filtered passes from the inlet downwardly through the filter bags and into the interior of the housing beneath the top wall and is exhausted through a liquid outlet provided in the housing.

Abstract: A filter for removing solid contaminants from plastic melt as well as homogenizing the plastic melt prior to injection, including a generally cylindrical filter screen having an inlet passage receiving the unfiltered plastic melt. Axially arranged series of relatively large diameter holes extend between the inlet passage and filter grooves formed in the surface of the filter screen. A first stage, coarse filtration is achieved by flow through the holes radially outwardly from the inlet passage into each of the filter grooves. A second stage, fine filtration occurs by flow from the filter grooves through circumferential clearance spaces located between each of several lands separating the filter grooves and the interior of the filter cavity. Filtered plastic is collected in axially extending discharge grooves also formed in the filter screen surface intermediate the pairs of filter grooves.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator, especially a pusher centrifuge is disclosed, wherein at least one rotatable sieve or filter drum is mounted within a housing. Within the sieve or filter drum there is arranged a to-and-fro displaceable pusher or thrust element, for instance in the form of a pusher floor member, which serves for displacing solid materials in the form of a filter cake towards outlet or discharge openings for the treated product. To process thin suspensions with the pusher centrifuge the pusher floor member is arranged for oscillating movement between two turning or deflection points preferably located at the region of an imaginary central line of the sieve or filter drum. A feed or supply pipe for the infeed of the suspension which is to be separated extends substantially coaxially with respect to the sieve or filter drum and its outlet or outflow opening, which extends radially outwardly, is located essentially at the center between the turning or deflection points of the pusher floor member.

Abstract: A collecting rope which is intended especially for collecting oil from the surface of water, the rope comprising a drive chain which is situated inside a cylindrical part, which is surrounded by a lightweight float layer, which is surrounded by another cylindrical part, oil-collecting bristles being attached to the outer surface of the outer cylinder. The cylindrical parts can rotate in relation to the drive chain, since the joint between them consists of resilient protrusions on the inner surface of the inner cylinder. The cylinders and the chain are, however, locked to each other in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A strainer for a liquid sucking device and adapted to be attached to the end of a flexible liquid sucking tube of the device. The strainer has an outlet tube adapted to be connected to the flexible liquid sucking tube of the device, a spherical shell integral with the outlet tube, a strainer element attached to the outer surface of the spherical shell and a weight accommodated by the internal cavity of the spherical shell.

Abstract: The specification discloses an improved fluid filter (10) including a housing (12), cover (26), spring biased filter element (30) movable between normal and bypass positions, and viscous damper (50) for eliminating oscillation of the filter element. The damper (50) can comprise either a circumferential integral step (52) formed in the filter housing (12) or a separate sleeve (54) inserted therein, located a predetermined distance below the lower end of the filter element (30) when the filter element is in the normal position.

Abstract: An easily removable tubular filter assembly, such as from a cylindrical array of parallel filter tubes arranged between two spaced parallel circular plates, which array is immersible in a liquid to be filtered. Each filter tube comprises a central open-ended perforated rigid tube with flanged tubular bushings for each end, and a fabric tubular sock which surrounds the perforated tube and tucks in the ends of the tube around the outer flanges of said bushings. A flanged tubular ferrule snugly fits in the bushing at one end of the fabric-covered tube to hold the tucked-in sock in place and seal its flange into an aperture in a wall of a suction chamber which may comprise one of the parallel circular plates of the array assembly.

Abstract: A unitary method and system for the continuous clarification, and if desired, purification of a liquid medium containing solid particulate matter is described which system comprises.

Abstract: The thickness of filter plates is a parameter determining the size of the useful volume of filter presses.It is desirable to provide a filter plate which can be dimensioned substantially thinner than heretofore and which moreover can be manufactured in supersize dimensions of, for example, an edge length of 3 m.times.3 m. To provide for high stability and a certain flexibility thereby enabling in a manufacturing of very large filter press plates having relatively thin bottom portions, the bottom portions of the filter plate is divided into at least four quadrants with each of the quadrants including outwardly curved portions, and with the outwardly curved portions of adjacent quadrants being in opposite directions with respect to a center plane of the filter plate.