Abstract: A communication device determines that a data rate of a data packet exceeds a threshold, and in response, lowers a processing speed of an equalizer device to prevent a buffer from overflowing. The buffer stores outputs generated by the equalizer device. A forward error correction code decoder device of the communication device processes outputs of the equalizer device corresponding to the data packet to generate decoded information corresponding to the data packet. The communication device transmits an acknowledgment packet to acknowledge the data packet such that transmission of the acknowledgment packet begins within required time period, defined by a communication protocol, after an end of the data packet.

Abstract: Modern mobile communication systems transfer data by error protection measures including the use of a forward error correction code for the channel coding and a HARQ (hybrid automatic repeat request) system for the repeated transfer of incorrect transport blocks in response to the error protection mechanisms failing. When a turbo code is used as an error protection code, two decoders work on the decoding of the turbo code. Disclosed is an expanded HARQ system wherein the receiving side determines which of the decoders was more greatly challenged in the decoding of the turbo code and reports this to the transmitting side. Instead of uniformly providing more redundancy data to both decoders, more redundancy data are targetedly provided to the more greatly challenged decoder in the expanded HARQ process than in the case of the repetition operation according to the typical HARQ process reducing the latency of the data transfer.

Abstract: A memory system, a controller including a bit-flipping (BF) decoder and a min-sum (MS) decoder that may be included in the memory system and operating methods thereof in which the controller determines a quality metric as a function of initial syndrome weight and information of the BF decoder after a set number of decoding iterations by the BF decoder in a test period. After the test period, the controller applies the quality metric to each codeword to determine whether to send that codeword first to the BF decoder for decoding or directly to the MS decoder for decoding.