Abstract: In a method for operating an SCR catalytic converter system of an internal combustion engine, the SCR catalytic converter system comprises at least one SCR catalytic converter (30) and at least one upstream SCR-coated particulate filter (20). In order to inject liquid reducing agent for the SCR catalytic converter (30) and/or for the SCR-coated particulate filter (20), a first injection position is provided upstream of the SCR-coated particulate filter (20) in the form of a first metering device (40) and a second injection position is provided upstream of the SCR catalytic converter (30) and downstream of the SCR-coated particulate filter (20) in the form of a second metering device (50). The injection positions for the injection of liquid reducing agent are selected in a manner which is dependent on the operating states of the SCR catalytic converter system.

Abstract: A lattice board is obliquely arranged in a bent portion halfway in an exhaust pipe where exhaust gas flows curvedly so as to bisect an angle made by inflow and outflow directions the exhaust gas entered upstream of and discharged downstream of the bent portion, respectively. An injector is arranged in the outflow direction of the exhaust gas to inject urea water to an entry side of the lattice board such that flow passage walls of the lattice board on which hit is the exhaust gas from upstream has rear surfaces on which hit is a spray of urea water from the injector.

Abstract: A device is described wherein a pair of thermal or electrothermal actuators (3, 4; 103, 104) actuate a member, such as a pinion (5), between two stable positions. The actuators are alternately activated for moving the pinion between the stable positions. For this purpose, they are arranged close to each other, so that they can act upon the pinion on opposite sides, the pinion being held in the stable positions by a releasable engagement element. The device of the invention ensures low energy consumption because the actuators (3, 4) operate only for moving the pinion from one stable position to the other.

Abstract: A thermodynamic system and method for performing work includes a working fluid and a fluid pump for pumping the working fluid through a cycle. A thermal input supplies heat to the working fluid. An expansion device downstream of the thermal input converts at least the heat of the working fluid to useful work. A heat exchanger downstream of the expansion device has a first portion to transfer heat from downstream said expansion device to a second portion at or upstream of said thermal input. A conversion device expands the working fluid with constant enthalpy from a higher to a lower pressure.

Abstract: Various embodiments for an exhaust gas treatment device for a vehicle system are provided. In one example, the vehicle system includes an engine with a longitudinal axis, where a crankshaft of the engine is parallel to the longitudinal axis and an exhaust gas treatment device mounted on the engine, vertically above the engine such that a longitudinal axis of the exhaust gas treatment device is aligned in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the engine, the exhaust gas treatment device configured to receive exhaust gas from an exhaust manifold of the engine.

Abstract: A method of providing recirculated exhaust to an internal combustion engine. The engine has an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation loop) which may be a high pressure loop, a low pressure loop, or a dedicated cylinder loop. A catalyzed heat exchanger on the EGR loop has a steam reformation catalyst and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger uses hot exhaust gas from the main exhaust line to heat the catalyst. A methane fuel source adds methane to the recirculated exhaust stream before it enters the catalyst, and the catalytic reaction increases the amount of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the recirculated exhaust.

Abstract: A variable stiffness device, including a core including a low melting point alloy, an encapsulation surrounding the core, the encapsulation made of an elastic material and sealing the core, and a heating device arranged around the encapsulation, configured to heat the core, wherein the elastic material of the encapsulation is subject to a tensile stress in a direction along a longitudinal extension of the thread-like variable stiffness device.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods are provided for reducing reductant consumption in an exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a first SCR device and a downstream second SCR device, a first reductant injector upstream of the first SCR device, and a second reductant injector between the first and second SCR devices. NOx conversion occurs with reductant injection by the first reductant injector to the first SCR device in a first temperature range and with reductant injection by the second reductant injector to the second SCR device when the temperature of the first SCR device is above a reductant oxidation conversion threshold.

Abstract: A catalyst subassembly for a device for purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, includes an SCRF catalyst and an SCR catalyst upstream of the SCRF catalyst. The two catalysts are arranged in a common catalyst housing. The catalyst housing, the SCRF catalyst and the SCR catalyst can be selected from a modular system for different variants of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Operation of the direct-injection internal combustion engine includes executing a particulate filter service routine in response to a regeneration command, wherein the particulate filter service routine includes a warm-up phase and a steady-state phase. The service routine includes determining a first temperature in the exhaust gas feedstream upstream of the oxidation catalyst and a second temperature in the exhaust gas feedstream downstream of the oxidation catalyst and upstream of the particulate filter, and determining an exhaust gas flowrate and a soot level in the particulate filter. A preferred warm-up temperature gradient in the particulate filter is determined based upon the exhaust gas flowrate and the soot level. The warm-up phase of the particulate filter service routine is determined based upon the preferred warm-up temperature gradient. Operation of the engine is controlled to achieve the preferred warm-up temperature gradient in the particulate filter during the warm-up phase.

Abstract: A process for the generation of electricity comprises the steps of extracting a warm saline stream from a geothermal formation, and converting latent osmotic energy present in said stream into electricity by passage through an osmotic power unit in which said stream is passed over one side of a semi-permeable membrane which permits the passage of water but not the passage of salts, an aqueous stream of lower salinity than said stream being passed over the other side of said membrane. The temperature of said warm saline stream is reduced before said stream enters the osmotic power unit by passage through a thermal power unit in which thermal energy present in said stream is converted into electricity.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the responsiveness of a duct fired, combined cycle power generation plant (12) via operating one or more gas turbine engines (14) at a part load condition less than 100 percent load, one or more steam turbine engines (16), and one or more supplemental burners (18) providing additional heat to a heat recovery steam generator (20) upstream from the steam turbine engine (16) is disclosed. The combination of the steam turbine engines (16) and supplemental burners (18) operating together with gas turbine engines (14) at a part load condition enables the system to quickly change output to accommodate changes in output demand of the duct fired, combined cycle power generation plant (12). By operating the one or more gas turbine engines (14) at a part load condition, the gas turbine engines (14) are able to be used to increase net output of the combined cycle power generation plant (12) faster than relying on increasing output via duct firing.

Abstract: A system includes an exhaust aftertreatment system operatively coupled to an engine. The exhaust aftertreatment system includes an exhaust aftertreatment component. A flow sensor is structured to provide an exhaust flow rate value of exhaust gas exiting the engine. A temperature sensor is structured to provide an exhaust temperature value of the exhaust gas proximate the exhaust aftertreatment component. A controller includes an exhaust conditions circuit structured to interpret the exhaust flow rate value via operative communication with each of the flow sensor, and to interpret the exhaust temperature value via operative communication with the temperature sensor. A regeneration time circuit is structured to determine a regeneration time value based on each of the exhaust flow rate value and the exhaust temperature value via a regeneration time lookup table. A regeneration control circuit is structured to control regeneration of the exhaust aftertreatment component based on the regeneration time value.

Abstract: In the case of a method for checking the plausibility of a NOx sensor (62; 63) in an SCR catalytic converter system having at least one first SCR catalytic converter device (20) and having at least one second SCR catalytic converter device (30) and having in each case one dosing point (40, 50) for a reducing agent solution for the SCR catalytic converter devices (20, 30) upstream of the respective SCR catalytic converter device, the NOx sensor (62) to be checked for plausibility is situated either between the first SCR catalytic converter device (20) and the second SCR catalytic converter device (30), or the NOx sensor (63) to be checked for plausibility is situated downstream of the second SCR catalytic converter device (30).

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided related to an emissions control system. The emissions control system has an exhaust after-treatment system defining a plurality of distinct exhaust flow passages through which at least a portion of an exhaust stream can flow, e.g., the exhaust stream is produced by an engine. The emissions control system also includes a controller for controlling injection of reductant into the exhaust stream flowing through each of the flow passages. In one example, the emissions control system is configured for use in a vehicle, such as a locomotive or other rail vehicle.

Abstract: A cooling device for a reducing agent injection module includes a coolant circulation line connected to a module cooling channel for cooling the reducing agent injection module and configured that a coolant circulates therethrough, a closed circuit circulation line respectively connected to a first portion of the coolant circulation line in front of the module cooling channel and to a second portion of the coolant circulation line in rear of the module cooling channel and configured that a portion of the coolant circulation line is selectively used to form a closed circuit, and at least one heat dissipating part provided in the closed circuit to dissipate heat which is transported from the module cooling channel by natural convection of the coolant within the closed circuit.

Abstract: The vehicle exhaust device has an exhaust passage from an exhaust port of an engine body to an exhaust muffler provided behind the engine body, and the exhaust passage is formed by a plurality of exhaust passage forming units. The exhaust device includes an exhaust gas sensor attached to one of the exhaust passage forming units, such as a collecting pipe, halfway on the exhaust passage. At least a portion of the exhaust gas sensor is covered from a front side thereof with one of the exhaust passage forming units, such as an individual exhaust pipe, upstream of an attached position of the exhaust gas sensor.

Abstract: A float-linkage device for wave-energy electricity generation includes a float coming with two moving braces attached to two sides thereof. The two moving braces are pivotally connected to corresponding ends of upper and lower links. The upper and lower links each have an opposite end thereof pivotally connected to a transmission link. The transmission link further has an opening for receiving a one-way bearing, thereby forming a float-link unit. A plurality of the float-link units are linked by each having a pivot hole at one end of the moving brace of the float engaged with a boom of a prop, and having a pivot hole of the one-way bearing engaged with a main boom of the prop. A gear is provided on the main boom of the prop and is engaged with a pinion provided on a power-generating device installed on the prop.

Abstract: A Stirling engine has a housing containing a displacer and a power piston arranged to reciprocate relatively to one another. A head is adjacent to the displacer to absorb heat, and is surrounded by a block of copper or aluminum. A substantial proportion of the block is clad with a layer of stainless steel or Inconel having a thickness of between 3 mm and 0.15 mm.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which a catalyst capable of adsorbing and oxidizing hydrocarbon is provided in an exhaust pipe, the exhaust purification apparatus including temperature detection means for detecting a temperature of the catalyst, estimation means for accumulating a time during which the temperature of the catalyst detected by the temperature detection means is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature, and estimating an amount of hydrocarbon adsorbed on the catalyst from the accumulated time, and control means for controlling fuel ejection of the internal combustion engine in a first ejection mode in which the temperature of the catalyst is increased to a temperature where hydrocarbons adsorbed on the catalyst are oxidized, in a case in which the amount of hydrocarbons estimated by the estimation means exceeds a predetermined upper limit.