Abstract: A system and methods are provided for electrochemical grinding a workpiece. In one embodiment, a method includes controlling potentials to grinding tool and the workpiece, controlling applying electrolyte, and controlling grinding of the workpiece by the grinding tool. The method may also include determining screen replacement when there is sufficient metal plated.

Abstract: A fixture for an electro-chemical machining (ECM) electrode is provided. The fixture may include a clamp having a shape and size configured to selectively engage in at least a portion of a selected dovetail slot of a plurality of dovetail slots in a turbine wheel. An electrode mount positions an electrode head relative to the clamp such that the electrode head operatively engages a portion of the selected dovetail slot for electro-chemical machining of the portion. The fixture's electrode may act as a cathode for the ECM process. The fixture allows for ECM on site without removing a turbine wheel from a turbomachine.

Abstract: A measuring device comprises a guard electrode that is arranged around a cathode, reduces oxygen that is not from an oxygen permeable membrane, and inhibits the oxygen from reaching the cathode. The guard electrode is electrically connected to an anode through a resistor having a prescribed resistance.

Abstract: A sensor element 101 of a gas sensor 100 includes a blocking portion 65 including an outer blocking layer 67 that is formed to cover, in an upper surface of a multilayer body, at least a part of an upper closest region 6a where an outer pump electrode 23 is not disposed and a distance up to a third inner cavity 61 is minimal. The outer blocking layer 67 does not have conductivity for one or more among various types of substances containing oxygen. The outer blocking layer 67 is disposed between a lead line 93 for the outer pump electrode and the upper surface of the multilayer body to provide insulation therebetween, and is disposed between an upper connector pad 91 and the upper surface of the multilayer body to provide insulation therebetween. A porous protective layer 24 covers the outer pump electrode 23.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor system (100) detects the concentration of a harmful gas in a measuring environment (70). The electrochemical gas sensor system (100) contains a voltage generator (19) and an electrochemical gas sensor (1). The electrochemical gas sensor (1) has a sensor housing (2) and a gas inlet (18). A measuring electrode (3), an auxiliary electrode (5), a reference electrode (17), a first generator electrode (13) and a second generator electrode (14) are in an electrolyte liquid (11) in the sensor housing (2). A salt (28) (halide) of a halogen is dissolved in the electrolyte liquid (11). The first generator electrode (13) and the second generator electrode (14) are connected to the voltage generator (19) to form a galvanic source. The galvanic source causes the salt (28) (halide) to react to form a halogen (28?). A defined, largely stable reference voltage potential becomes established on the reference electrode (17).

Abstract: A gas sensor element of an air/fuel ratio sensor has a structure in which at least a part of an end portion of a porous electrode is sandwiched between a porous member and a solid electrolyte member. Therefore, it is possible to restrain shrinkage of the porous electrode during manufacture of the gas sensor element, which shrinkage would otherwise occur at the time of heating in a debindering step or at the beginning of a firing step, whereby occurrence of green breakage in the solid electrolyte member is restrained. Thus, cracking due to green breakage is restrained from occurring in the solid electrolyte member produced through firing. Since the end portion of the porous electrode can receive oxygen through the porous member, blackening of the solid electrolyte member can be prevented.