Abstract: The present disclosure provides an improved device that can be used to sense and characterize a variety of materials. The device may be used for a variety of applications, including genome sequencing, protein sequencing, biomolecular sequencing, and detection of ions, molecules, chemicals, biomolecules, metal atoms, polymers, nanoparticles and the like.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a device for measuring the concentration of creatinine using one or more calibration solutions, the method comprising: receiving concentrations at an initial time of creatine, Cr, and/or creatinine, Crn, of the one or more calibration solutions; receiving outputs of the measuring device at the end time; calculating the concentration of Cr and/or Crn in the calibration solutions at an end time using a temperature model, wherein the temperature model indicates changes in temperature of the calibration solutions from the initial time to the end time; and determining a relationship between the outputs of the measuring device and the calculated concentrations of Cr and/or Crn.

Abstract: Composition and electrode for phosphate sensing. In one embodiment, the composition includes a first component, a second component, and a third component. The first component is selected from a group consisting of cobalt oxide nanoparticles, tin (IV) chloride, diphenyl tin dichloride, and ammonium molybdate. The second component includes graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide. The third component includes pyrrole or polypyrrole.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a gas sensor element capable of detecting a concentration of specific ions based on a limiting current passing between a first electrode and a second electrode according to a concentration difference of the specific ions. The method includes a temperature raising step, a current measuring step and a control step. In the temperature raising step, a heater is energized to raise temperature of a solid electrolyte. In the current measuring step, a voltage is applied across the first and second electrodes and to measure a limiting current. In the control step, a part of a diffusion resistance layer is removed from the gas sensor element by using an ultrashort pulsed laser to control a diffusion length that is a length of an introduction path to maintain the limiting current to be within a final standard range.

Abstract: A polymer not including a fluorescent dye is introduced into an electrophoresis flow channel and electrophoresis is performed (Steps S101, S103), so that a fluorescent dye in the electrophoresis flow channel is removed from the inside of the electrophoresis flow channel by the polymer. The fluorescent dye accumulated in the electrophoresis flow channel can be adhered to the polymer having a certain viscosity and removed from the electrophoresis flow channel. Accordingly, separation performance of a flow channel member can be recovered effectively.

Abstract: A gas sensor is provided which has improved responsiveness and is capable of improving accuracy in measurement of an imbalance between cylinders. The gas sensor includes a solid electrolyte having oxygen ion conductivity, a measurement electrode mounted on one principal surface of the solid electrolyte and is exposed to measurement gas, and a reference electrode mounted on the other principal surface of the solid electrolyte and exposed to reference gas A. Interface capacitance between crystal particles constituting the solid electrolyte is not more than 150 ?F. Interface resistance between the crystal particles constituting the solid electrolyte and each of the measurement electrode and the reference electrode is not more than 80 ?. The measurement electrode has a film thickness t1 of 2 to 8 ?m.

Abstract: A measuring device includes: a first electrode and a second electrode immersed in sample water stored in a measuring tank; a motor that rotates the first electrode; and a controller that operates, based on measurement results of current flowing through the sample water, in a measuring mode. In the measuring mode, the controller calculates a concentration of a measurement target in the sample water. The motor changes a rotational velocity of the motor.

Abstract: A measuring device includes: a first electrode immersed in sample water stored in a measuring tank; a second electrode immersed in the sample water; and a controller that: causes a power source to flow a current through the sample water between the first electrode and the second electrode; detects, based on a first digital signal, an interruption whereby an analog signal fluctuates by no less than a predetermined value; and calculates, based on a second digital signal, a concentration of a measurement target in the sample water. The first digital signal is acquired by sampling the analog signal with a first sampling period. The analog signal is based on the current flowing through the sample water. The second digital signal is acquired by sampling the analog signal with a second sampling period that is longer than the first sampling period.

Abstract: A biosensor system includes an array of biosensors with a plurality of electrodes situated proximate the biosensor. A controller is configured to selectively energize the plurality of electrodes to generate a DEP force to selectively position a test sample relative to the array of biosensors.

Abstract: A sensor element includes an element body having a measurement-object gas flow section being provided therein, a first measurement pump cell that includes a first measurement electrode being disposed in a first measurement chamber and a first outer measurement electrode and that pumps out oxygen produced in a first measurement chamber, and a second measurement pump cell that includes a second measurement electrode being disposed in a second measurement chamber and a second outer measurement electrode and that pumps out oxygen produced in a second measurement chamber.

Abstract: A sensor element (10) having a laminate structure, and extending in an axial direction AX, the sensor element including a first and second ceramic layers (118B, 115) disposed apart from each other in a laminating direction; a third ceramic layer (118) intervening between the first and second ceramic layers in the laminating direction and having a hollow space (10G) formed therein; and an internal space which is the hollow space surrounded by the first ceramic layer, the second ceramic layer, and the third ceramic layer, wherein, at a periphery (10f) of the internal space, a fourth ceramic layer (181) containing as a main component a ceramic material different from that contained as a main component in the first and third ceramic layers intervenes between the first ceramic layer and the third ceramic layer which are exposed to the internal space. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the gas sensor element.

Abstract: A gas sensor is equipped with a housing, an insulator retained by an inner periphery of the housing, a sensing device having a front end portion protruding from a front end surface of the insulator, and a protective cover which covers a front end portion of the sensing device. A pump electrode and a sensor electrode are disposed in a front end portion of the solid electrolyte body. The pump electrode is exposed to a measurement gas and regulates the concentration of oxygen in the measurement gas. The sensor electrode is exposed to the measurement gas and measures the concentration of a given gas component in the measurement gas after being regulated in concentration of oxygen by the pump electrode. A base end portion of the sensor electrode in a lengthwise direction is located closer to a base end side of the gas sensor than a front end surface of the housing is.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring microbial activity and microbial communication in an environment are disclosed. Exemplary methods include measuring a high impedance voltage between a reference electrode and one or more measurement electrodes to monitor microbial activity. Microorganisms form a biofilm that attaches to at least one of the one or more inert measurement electrodes and that allows for measuring the microbial activity, characterizing the environment, and/or monitoring microbial communication in the environment.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a body portion that defines a reservoir and a set of substantially flexible capillaries. The set of substantially flexible capillaries are fixedly coupled to the body portion and in fluid communication with the reservoir. A connector is configured to be coupled to the body portion to be in fluid communication with the reservoir and the set of substantially flexible capillaries. The connector is further configured to be coupled to a vacuum source. The apparatus is arranged such that at least a part of the body portion is electrically conductive. Methods for separating and detecting an analyte from a biological sample with the apparatus are also provided. For example, methods for separating and detecting one or more proteins from a cellular lysate or a purified protein are also provided.

Abstract: A device and process for using the device are provided for the production of commodity chemicals by biological methods which require the addition of reducing equivalents. The device allows operating conditions to be conveniently altered to achieve maximal electrochemical efficiencies for a given biologically mediated redox reaction, series of reactions, or fermentation process.

Abstract: An object is to provide a light irradiation apparatus irradiating a light to a sample in a reaction vessel while stirring the sample more efficiently. A rotating stage can rotate around a first axis that is a central axis thereof. A holding mechanism holds reaction vessels whose longitudinal directions are a direction of the central axis on a circumference around the first axis on the rotating stage at equal intervals. Rotation mechanisms hold bottoms of the reaction vessels and rotate the reaction vessels around second axes that are central axes of the reaction vessels, respectively. A light irradiation mechanism is disposed on the rotating stage and irradiates a light emitted from at least one light emitting diode to the reaction vessels from a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A gas sensor sensing a sensing target gas component contained in a measurement gas and identifying concentration of the sensing target gas component includes: a sensor element having an inlet for the measurement gas on one end portion, and including: an element base made of an oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte; a heater buried in the element base; and a porous leading-end protective layer covering a predetermined range of the element base on the one end portion; and a metallic member within which the sensor element is fixedly disposed, wherein a minimum distance between the sensor element and an inner surface of the metallic member is 0.20 mm or more and 0.95 mm or less, and a portion of the inner surface of the metallic member closest to the sensor element has an arithmetic average roughness of 5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A water testing and measuring system is disclosed including a water generator configured to generate water by extracting water vapor from ambient air. A compound generator is configured to apply a compound to the water generated by the water generator. A processor is in communication with the water generator and the compound generator. A measurement device is in communication with the water generator, the compound generator and the processor.

Abstract: A sensor element includes: an element base including: a ceramic body made of an oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte, and having an inlet at one end portion thereof; at least one internal chamber located inside the ceramic body, and communicating with the inlet under predetermined diffusion resistance; an electrochemical pump cell including an electrode located on an outer surface of the ceramic body, an electrode facing the internal chamber, and a solid electrolyte located therebetween; and a heater buried in the ceramic body; and a porous leading-end protective layer surrounding a first range at least including a leading end surface and a region to be coped with water-induced cracking specified in advance. A single heat insulating space is interposed between the leading-end protective layer and a whole side surface of the element base at least in the above region.

Abstract: A physical property evaluation method is the method for evaluating physical properties of a film-shaped measurement target object by means of an electrochemical method, the method including the step of causing an electrolytic solution to contact a front surface of the measurement target object. The speed of penetration of the electrolytic solution into the measurement target object is adjusted in such a manner that the levels of the front-side temperature and the back-side temperature of the measurement target object and a difference between the front-side temperature and the back-side temperature of the measurement target object are adjusted.