Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for recovering carbon dioxide can comprises: a reaction chamber having a first pressure and comprising a gas stream inlet; a phase-changing liquid sorbent, wherein the liquid sorbent is chemical reactive with carbon dioxide to form a solid material; a regeneration unit to decompose the solid material to released carbon dioxide gas and regenerated liquid sorbent; and a dry transport mechanism configured to transport the solid material from the reaction chamber at the first pressure to the regeneration unit at a second higher pressure.

Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed from an oxygen-containing acid gas in configurations and methods in which oxygen is catalytically removed using hydrogen sulfide, and in which the sulfur oxides react with the hydrogen sulfide to form elemental sulfur. A first portion of the remaining sulfurous compounds is reduced to form the hydrogen sulfide for oxygen removal, while a second portion of the sulfurous compounds is further converted to elemental sulfur using a Claus reaction or catalytic direct reduction reaction.

Abstract: An inlet face for an aftertreatment device that prevents and/or eliminates face-plugging for a passageway where the inlet face is disposed. The inlet face includes a particular end surface disposed on an outer surface at the end of a substrate. The end surface includes at least one of a three-dimensional topographical configuration disposed at the end of the substrate, a chemical coating applied on the end of the substrate, or both a three-dimensional topographical configuration disposed on the end of the substrate and a chemical coating applied on the three-dimensional topographical configuration. As one example, the inlet face can be helpful in preventing carbonaceous fouling, which can result from engine exhaust material, such as carbon soot and other engine exhaust by-products.

Abstract: A multi-stage selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit (32) provides efficient reduction of NOx and other pollutants from about 50-550° C. in a power plant (19). Hydrogen (24) and ammonia (29) are variably supplied to the SCR unit depending on temperature. An upstream portion (34) of the SCR unit catalyzes NOx+NH3 reactions above about 200° C. A downstream portion (36) catalyzes NOx+H2 reactions below about 260° C., and catalyzes oxidation of NH3, CO, and VOCs with oxygen in the exhaust above about 200° C., efficiently removing NOx and other pollutants over a range of conditions with low slippage of NH3. An ammonia synthesis unit (28) may be connected to the SCR unit to provide NH3 as needed, avoiding transport and storage of ammonia or urea at the site. A carbonaceous gasification plant (18) on site may supply hydrogen and nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis unit, and hydrogen to the SCR unit.

Abstract: Adsorbent dust can be recovered while spraying is prevented. An apparatus is provided with a desulfurization-denitration tower body and an adsorbent discharging device. An entrance louver and an exit louver are provided for forming a packed moving bed of an adsorbent that moves downward inside the tower body, the apparatus has a throttle portion provided with a side panel that is inclined so that a spacing gradually decreases toward a discharging device, the throttle portion being provided between the tower body and the discharging device, and first partitions are provided inside the throttle portion. A second partition extending along the incline direction of the side panel is provided at a predetermined distance from the bottom end of the exit louver above the side panel, and a gap is provided between the bottom end part of the exit louver and the side panel of the throttle portion.

Abstract: A system for removal of carbon dioxide from a process gas includes an absorption arrangement arranged to allow contact between the process gas and an ammoniated solution within the absorption arrangement such that at least a part of the carbon dioxide of the process gas is captured by the ammoniated solution. The absorption arrangement is arranged to, with regard to the ammoniated solution, only accommodate ammoniated solution without solids. A first heat exchanger is arranged to cool the ammoniated solution including captured carbon dioxide after it has exited the absorption arrangement. A separator is arranged to remove at least a part of any solids in the cooled ammoniated solution. A second heat exchanger is arranged to heat the ammoniated solution after it has exited the separator and returned to the absorption arrangement.

Abstract: System for treating an effluent fluid stream from a process tool including a vacuum pump (16) for drawing an effluent stream from the process tool chamber, an abatement device (12) for treating the effluent stream and a liquid ring pump (14) for at least partially evacuating the abatement device (12). During use, the abatement device (12) converts one or more components of the effluent stream, for example F2 or a PFC, into one or more liquid-soluble a compounds, for example HF, that are less harmful to the environment. The liquid ring pump (14) receives the effluent stream and a liquid, and exhausts a solution of the liquid and the liquid-soluble component of the effluent stream. The liquid ring pump (14) thus operates as both a wet scrubber and an atmospheric vacuum pumping stage.

Abstract: To provide an oxidation catalyst capable of burning PM of diesel engine exhausts gas at a low temperature, and hardly subjected to poisoning due to sulfur oxide. A composite oxide contains Ce, Bi, and M (wherein M is one or more elements selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) and oxygen, and is manufactured, with a molar ratio of Ce, Bi, M expressed by Ce:Bi:M=(1?x?y):x:y, satisfying 0<x?0.4, and 0<y?0.4. This composite oxide is suitable as a PM combustion catalyst, and is hardly subjected to poisoning due to sulfur oxide.

Abstract: A vessel for producing SO3 from SO2-containing gas includes a plate-like element and a bracket disposed on a wall of the vessel. The bracket is configured to support the plate-like element by a supporting surface. The supporting surface is an upper supporting surface curved downward away from the plate-like element in an unloaded state of the vessel or a lower supporting surface curved upward away from the plate-like element in the unloaded state of the vessel.

Abstract: This gas purifying process removes trace constituents from a mixed gas that includes a rare gas and nitrogen as main components, and at least one from among hydrogen, nitrogen and hydrogen reaction products, and water vapor as the trace constituent. This process sequentially carries out an adsorbing step for removing water vapor and nitrogen and hydrogen reaction products; a hydrogen oxidation step for converting the hydrogen into water vapor by means of a hydrogen oxidation catalytic reaction in the presence of oxygen; and a drying step for removing water vapor generated in the hydrogen oxidation step. When nitrogen oxides are included as a trace constituent, then a denitration step is carried out prior to the adsorbing step, to convert nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water vapor by means of a catalytic denitration reaction in the presence of a reducing substance.

Abstract: A system for treating an air stream exhausted from a firing kiln utilized to heat a ceramic substrates includes an outlet assembly and a thermal oxidizer. The outlet assembly may be in fluid communication with the firing kiln, and may be operational to receive an exhaust gas stream and a waste heat stream from the firing kiln. A temperature of the waste heat stream may be greater than the exhaust gas stream such that a temperature of an air stream comprising the waste heat stream and the exhaust gas stream within the outlet assembly is greater than the exhaust gas stream. The thermal oxidizer may be in fluid communication with the outlet assembly to receive the air stream and remove pollutants from the air stream.

Abstract: A device for pyrolysing biomass comprises: a reactor space; a first feed for biomass material connecting to the upper zone thereof; a second feed for heated heat carrier material connecting to the upper side of the reactor space; a first discharge for pyrolysis gas connecting to the upper zone of the reactor space at a distance from the first feed; and a second discharge for solid material, for instance carbon and heat carrier material, connecting to the underside of the reactor space. A substantial separation between the discharge flows of pyrolysis gas and solid material takes place predominantly under the influence of gravitational force, without interposing of a cyclone. The reactor space is modeled such that the direct flow from the first feed and the second feed to the first discharge is blocked. A mechanical mixer is present in the reactor space for the purpose of mixing the flow of biomass material with the flow of preheated heat carrier material.

Abstract: A low-energy input process for the pyrolytic conversion of biomass to charcoal or carbonized charcoal is provided. The biomass is sealed in a container, pressurized, then air is introduced at the proximal end of the container and released at the distal end of the container. The biomass is ignited by a heater at the distal end. The operation of the heater is halted after initial ignition and the biomass is allowed to continue to burn in a proximal-to-distal end airflow to finish the conversion.

Abstract: A method of assembling a gasification reactor includes extending at least one reactant injection member into the gasification reactor. The method also includes extending at least one fluid injection conduit including a plurality of fluid injection passages defined therein into the gasification reactor. At least a portion of the at least one fluid injection conduit circumscribes at least a portion of the at least one reactant injection member.

Abstract: SO2 and/or NOx are removed from gaseous CO2 at elevated pressure(s) in the presence of molecular oxygen and water and, when SO2 is to be removed, NOx, to convert SO2 to sulfuric acid and/or NOx to nitric acid. The sulfuric acid and/or nitric acid is/are then removed from the gaseous carbon dioxide to produce SO2-free, NOx-lean carbon dioxide gas. The invention has particular application in the removal of SO2 and/or NOx from carbon dioxide flue gas produced in an oxyfuel combustion process, for example, in a pulverized coal fired power station.

Abstract: In this fast pyrolysis processor the reaction conditions are tailored to minimize the production of gas, while using calcined limestone to provide the heat for fast pyrolysis of biomass and to lower the acidity and oxygen content of the liquid bio-oil which is produced.

Abstract: Methods and configurations are drawn to a plant in which an effluent gas (102) comprising oxygen and sulfur dioxide is catalytically reacted with hydrogen sulfiden (148) and hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide (114) to form a treated gas that is substantially oxygen free and in which sulfur dioxide is converted to hydrogen sulfide. In most preferred aspects, the hydrogen sulfide is provided to the process via a recycle loop (134B).

Abstract: A method and system for recovering CO2 from gasification gas, prevents the recovered CO2 from being contaminated with COS, without repeating cooling and heating operations and without increasing the steam consumption. Gasification gas being produced in a gasifier 10 and containing CO, CO2, COS and H2S is subjected to dust removal in a scrubber 20. Then, a part of the gas is subjected to a CO shift reaction, in which CO is converted into CO2, in a CO shift reactor 30. In one embodiment, part of the gasification gas is not subjected to the CO shift reaction by means of a bypass 34, and is mixed with the gas after the CO shift reaction. Thereby, the temperature of the mixture gas is set at 180° C. to 300° C., and COS in the mixture gas is converted into H2S in a COS converter 40.

Abstract: A method of combustion and a reformer. The method includes combusting a fuel in a combustion region of an up-fired or down-fired reformer and forming non-uniform injection properties with a wall-bound burner. The combusting is performed in a combustion region by burners, wherein at least one of the burners is the wall-bound burner forming the non-uniform injection properties. The non-uniform injection properties generate a heat profile providing a first heat density proximal to a wall and a second heat density distal from the wall, the second heat density being greater than the first heat density. The non-uniform injection properties are formed by injection properties selected from an angle of one or more injectors, a flow rate of one or more injectors, an amount and/or location of oxidant injectors, an amount and/or location of fuel injectors, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating acidic gases from syngas are capable of reducing the necessary power and are capable of obtaining high-purity CO2 at a high recovery ratio. A purification method and a purification system of coal gasification gas using the method and the apparatus are also provided. An apparatus for separating acidic gases from syngas containing acidic gases of C02 and H2S, in order, converts CO in the syngas into C02, removes H2S contained in the syngas by using a solvent for physical absorption, removes physical solvent from the syngas followed by heating in a heat exchanger using the converted syngas heat, and removes C02 from the heated syngas by using a solvent for chemical absorption.