Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for diagnosing lung cancer in a mammalian subject by use of 10 or more selected genes, e.g., a gene expression profile, from the blood of the subject which is characteristic of disease. The gene expression profile includes 10 or more genes of Table I or Table II herein.

Abstract: The invention provides a Siniperca chuatsi IL-6 gene and a detection method for a disease-resistant SNP marker. A cDNA sequence of S. chuatsi IL-6 gene is cloned, as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. A IL-6 gene gDNA sequence containing an intron of the S. chuatsi IL-6 gene is cloned, as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. A primer for amplifying a disease-resistant SNP locus is designed according to IL-6 gDNA sequence, and S. chuatsi IL-6 gene is amplified to obtain an amplification product which is sequenced, and the SNPs loci relevant to virus disease-resistance are found out and the SNP locus is determined according to DNA peak profile. The IL-6 cDNA full-length sequence and IL-6 gDNA full-length sequence are cloned firstly. The SNP locus relevant to virus disease resistance of S. chuatsi IL-6 gene is detected, thereby providing a new method for breeding of S. chuatsi.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of detecting an infection in a subject based on the relative abundance of target molecules indicative of the expression of at least the gene pair DUSP1 and IFI27. In particular, the invention relates to a method of distinguishing between a bacterial infection or a non-bacterial infection in a subject, especially between bacterial and non-bacterial lower respiratory system infections using the gene pair. Further, the invention provides the medical use of therapeutic agents in the treatment of a bacterial or non-bacterial infection in a subject identified as having such an infection through use of a method of the invention, and monitoring the therapeutic effectiveness.

Abstract: Although tumor-associated macrophages have been extensively studied in the control of response to radiotherapy, the molecular mechanisms involved in the ionizing radiation-mediated activation of macrophages remain elusive. Here the present inventors show that ionizing radiation induces the expression of interferon-regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) promoting thus macrophage activation toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. They reveal that the activation of the Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase is required for ionizing radiation-elicited macrophage activation, but also for macrophage reprogramming after treatments with ?-interferon, lipopolysaccharide or chemotherapeutic agent (such as cis-platin), underscoring the fact that the kinase ATM plays a central role during macrophage phenotypic switching toward a proinflammatory phenotype. They further demonstrate that NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-dependent ROS production is upstream to ATM activation and is essential during this process.

Abstract: Provided is a method of predicting differentiation potential of undifferentiated iPS cells into cartilage cells. Provided is a genetic marker for predicting differentiation potential of undifferentiated iPS cells into cartilage cells. A method of predicting differentiation potential of undifferentiated iPS cells into cartilage cells based on gene expression data of the undifferentiated iPS cells. A method of predicting differentiation potential of undifferentiated iPS cells into cartilage cells by predicting differentiation potential of the iPS cells into neural crest cells (NC cells) based on gene expression data of the undifferentiated iPS cells.

Abstract: The current disclosure relates to therapeutic treatments and diagnostic methods for esophageal cancer based on the expression level of biomarker miRNAs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of assessing type 2 diabetes susceptibility and/or predicting treatment responsiveness in a human subject, the method comprising determining the identity of at least one allele at each of three or more positions of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selected from the group consisting of: SLC16A11-rs75493593; HNF1A-rs483353044; TCF7L2-rs7903146; CDKN2A/B-rs10811661; CDKAL1-rs7756992; SLC30A8-rs3802177; IGF2BP2-rs4402960; FTO-rs9936385; PPARG-rs1801282; HHEX/IDE-rs1111875; ADCYS-rs11717195; JAZF1-rs849135; WSF1-rs4458523; INS-IGF2-rs149483638; KCNQ1-rs2237897; and KCNJ11-rs5219, and/or an SNP in linkage disequilibrium with any one of said SNPs at r2>0.8. Also provided are a genotyping tool and a type 2 diabetes risk assessment system for use in the method of the invention.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for and relates to the identification of novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer or the biochemical reoccurrence of prostate cancer. The biomarkers of the invention show altered methylation levels of certain CpG loci relative to normal prostate tissue, as set forth.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting at least two genomic alleles associated with corneal dystrophy in a sample from a human subject are disclosed in which cells (e.g., epithelial) of the subject are adhered to a tip of a substrate. The tip of the substrate is agitated in a lysis solution that lyses cells adhered to the substrate. The substrate is removed from the lysis solution upon completion of this agitation. The resulting lysis solution is incubated and then genomic DNA from the lysis solution is isolated to form a gDNA solution. From this, identity of at least two nucleotides present in the human TGF?I gene is determined using at least two oligonucleotide primer pairs and the gDNA solution. These at least two nucleotides are located at respective independent positions of the TGF?I gene corresponding to respective independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with corneal dystrophy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of nucleic acid analyte detection by PCR. In particular, methods and kits for the detection of a plurality of nucleic acid analytes and the generation of kinetic signatures are provided. Further provided are methods and kits of nested PCR and PCR using limiting primers.

Abstract: Methods for identifying and treating cancers that are DNA repair, such as homologous recombination (HR) repair, defective or sensitive to PARP inhibitors or platinum-based therapy. In some aspects, DNA repair, such as HR repair, defective cancers are treated with a PARP inhibitor therapy or cisplatin. Methods for sensitizing cancers to a PARP inhibitor therapy are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of assessing an individual subject's risk of developing prostate cancer, comprising: a) analyzing a nucleic acid sample obtained from the subject and determining a genotype for the subject at a plurality of biallelic polymorphic loci, wherein each of said plurality has an associated allele and an unassociated allele, wherein the genotype is selected from the group consisting of homozygous for the associated allele, heterozygous, and homozygous for the unassociated allele; and b) calculating a cumulative relative risk (CRR) for the subject based on the genotype determined in step (a). A CRR of greater than 1.00 identifies a subject as having an increased risk of developing prostate cancer and also can identify a subject who is a candidate for early PSA screening, prostate biopsy and/or chemoprevention.

Abstract: Provided are methods of detecting replication competent retrovirus in a sample containing a cell transduced with a viral vector particle encoding a recombinant and/or heterologous molecule, e.g., heterologous gene product. The methods may include assessing transcription of one or more target genes, such as viral genes, that are expressed in a retrovirus but not expressed in the viral vector particle. Replication competent retrovirus may be determined to be present if the levels of RNA of the one or more target genes is higher than a reference value, which can be measured directly or indirectly, including from a positive control sample containing RNA from the respective target gene at a known level and/or at or above the limit of detection of the assay.

Abstract: The present invention describes biomarkers that have been discovered to correlate with varied individual responses (e.g., efficacy, adverse effect, and other end points) to enzastaurin, in treating diseases such as, DLBCL, GBM, and other cancer types. The newly discovered biomarkers and others in linkage disequilibrium with them can be used in companion diagnostic tests which can help to predict drug responses and apply drugs only to those who will be benefited, or exclude those who might not be beneficial, by the treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods that use novel biomarkers for diagnosing and/or treating Kawasaki diseases. The novel biomarkers of the invention show altered cytosine methylations state of certain CpG loci in subject with Kawasaki Disease relative to subject without Kawasaki diseases. Also provided are kits comprising at least one primer or reagent specific for the altered cytosine methylation state of certain CpG loci to detect Kawasaki Disease.

Abstract: Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human genome, and their association with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and related pathologies, such as pulmonary embolism (PE), in relation with hormonal preparations (i.e. combined contraceptives, hormone replacement therapeutics) and hormone levels (i.e. during pregnancy and post-partum).

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a biomarker capable of predicting the therapeutic response to anticancer agents and prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer patients, and the use thereof. A biomarker according to the present disclosure allows the provision of optimized personal therapeutic methods through correct personalized treatment, contributing to the quality and prolongation of life of patients.

Abstract: Provided in the disclosure relates to a panel of gene expression markers for cancer patient treated or to be treated by karenitecin. The disclosure provides methods and compositions, e.g., kits, for evaluating gene expression levels of the markers and methods of using such gene expression levels to predict a cancer patient's response to karenitecin. Such information can be used in determining prognosis and treatment options for cancer patients.

Abstract: The invention relate to SNP and InDel markers associated with a cucumber male sterility gene and a screening method thereof. The cucumber male sterility gene is acquired by screening according to the markers. Specifically, the screening method includes following steps: (1) configuring groups; (2) building a library and sequencing; (3) adopting bulked segregation analysis (BSA); and (4) performing competitive allele specificity PCR (KASP), finely mapping a sterility gene, and acquiring SNP or InDel locus in close linkage with sterility character. The acquiring of the male sterility gene provides an effective tool for quick identification of cucumber male sterility plants and efficient production of cucumber hybrid species.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of selecting a therapy for a cancer patient and methods of treating cancer in the patient. The methods comprise detecting a mutation in one or more genes in a cancer cell from the patient, wherein the one or more genes is selected from the group consisting of PTCD2, TWF1, DEFB134, BBS1, SOX10, APLNR, CD58, COL17A1, CRKL, hsa-mir-101-2, hsa-mir-548s, MAD2L1, MLANA, PSMB5, RNPS1, RPL10A, RPL23, SRP54, TAF3, TAP1, TAP2, TAPBP, TBXAS1, GMIP, OTOA, LAIR1, CLEC1, GPSM3, TRAF1, JAK2, TAPBPL, ICAM1, LILRA1, LILRA3, STAT1, and HLA-F. Also disclosed are methods of screening for one or more genes, the mutation of which confers resistance to T cell-mediated cytolytic activity.