Abstract: An identification medium includes a first layer, and a second layer disposed thereon in a manner of overlapping with the first layer. The first layer is capable of reflecting one of clockwise circular polarized light and counterclockwise circular polarized light and allowing to pass therethrough the remaining circular polarized light. The second layer is capable of reflecting at least a portion of circular polarized light having the same rotation direction as that of the circular polarized light that the first layer reflects, and allowing to pass therethrough circular polarized light having an opposite rotation direction to that of the circular polarized light reflected by the first layer. A ratio (Ssf2/S2) of Ssf2 defined by the following formula (2) relative to S2 defined by the following formula (1) is more than 0.

Abstract: Hybrid imaging systems incorporating conventional optical elements and metasurface elements with light sources and/or detectors, and methods of the manufacture and operation of such optical arrangements are provided. Systems and methods describe the integration of apertures with metasurface elements and refractive optics with metasurface elements in illumination sources and sensors.

Abstract: A device for data projection, includes a holographic element arranged as a imaging element for a windshield. An imaging device has a first imaging system and a second imaging system configured to illuminate the holographic element. The holographic element has a first volume hologram structured to be angle-selective for light under a first illumination angle and to generate a first two-dimensional virtual image at a first fixed distance from the holographic element corresponding to the first image data, and a second volume hologram structured to be angle-selective for light under a second illumination angle and to generate a second two-dimensional virtual image at a second fixed distance from the holographic element different from the first distance corresponding to the second image data, such that the first and second images are viewable separately and simultaneously by a person.

Abstract: Optical traps enable nanoscale manipulation of individual biomolecules while measuring molecular forces and lengths. Disclosed herein is a camera-based detection system that enables accurate and precise measurements of forces and interactions in a dual optical trap. Optical traps may be used to stretch and unzip DNA molecules while measuring the displacements of trapped particles from their trapping centers with sub-nanometer accuracy and precision.

Abstract: Digital holographic microscopy and related image processing techniques are described. A hologram captured in an image frame is split into different depths while a new hologram is being captured. Image slices of the hologram are determined and using free space impulse responses that are pre-calculated at a different precision than processing operations using the holographic data. Each computation is calculated in parallel based on the number of available processing cores and threads. The image slices are combined into a 2D array or 3D array to permit further processing of the combined array to count and size particles in the image frame. The reconstructed hologram is displayed at a subsequent image frame than that used to capture the hologram.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a viewing optic having a main body and a base that couples to the main body. The base contains a light module for a reticle.

Abstract: Provided is a structural birefringence-type inorganic wave plate having excellent heat resistance and durability, and a fine pattern. Also provided is a manufacturing method for an inorganic wave plate by which, even in the case of a fine pattern, productivity is high, and a desired phase difference is easily achieved and stably obtained. This inorganic wave plate is obtained by utilizing a selective interaction between a polymer having a repeating unit containing a carbonyl group, and a metallic oxide precursor, the inorganic wave plate having a wire grid structure provided with a transparent substrate, and grid-shaped protruding portions arranged at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used band on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and extending in a predetermined direction, the main component of the grid-shaped protruding portion being a metallic oxide.

Abstract: VHOEs with expanded acceptance angle ranges are described as well as various systems and methods for fabricating VHOEs with expanded acceptance angle ranges. The VHOE with expanded acceptance angle range may include two or more individual Bragg gratings. The two or more individual Bragg gratings have the same diffraction geometry but with shifted Bragg conditions. Having the same diffraction geometry means when light is incident on the VHOE including two or more individual Bragg gratings, the diffracted light from each of the Bragg gratings is co-linear or overlapping with the diffracted light from the other Bragg gratings. The Bragg condition for each of the Bragg gratings are shifted with respect to each neighboring Bragg grating by an amount up to the acceptance angle range of each individual Bragg grating.

Abstract: A projector arranged to project an image within a display area on a display plane. The image comprises a light feature. A light sensor is spatially separated from the display plane. In an aligned state, light forming the light feature of the image on the display plane is at least partially disposed around the light sensor. In the aligned state, substantially no light forming the light feature impinges on the light sensor. The aligned state defines a selected alignment between the display area and the display plane (i.e. a selected position of the display area on the display plane).

Abstract: A tunable filter includes: an optical input/output unit; a first mirror having a first reflective surface disposed to reflect input light from the optical input/output unit; a transmissive diffraction grating disposed on a propagation path of the input light reflected by the first mirror; and a second mirror having a second reflective surface disposed to reflect transmitted diffracted light from the transmissive diffraction grating corresponding to the input light. The first reflective surface is a variable-angle reflective surface. The second reflective surface has a fixed orientation relative to the transmissive diffraction grating.

Abstract: A holographic energy system is operable to generate an output wavefront according to a complex amplitude function. The holographic energy system includes a continuous three-dimensional energy medium, an array of energy devices configured to output energy to interact with the continuous three-dimensional energy medium to define a hologram therein, and an electromagnetic (EM) energy source positioned to output coherent EM energy that is incident on the hologram in the continuous three-dimensional energy medium to generate an output wavefront.

Abstract: This disclosure discloses a radiative cooling optical filter, comprising a substrate. One side of the substrate is polished, and the rough side of the substrate is provided with a metal reflective layer. The polished side of the substrate is subsequently provided with the intermediate layers and a top layer. The intermediate layer comprises alternatingly arranged layers A and layers B. The thickness of each layer A and layer B is 50-400 nm. The material of the layer A is silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide, and the material of the layer B is titanium dioxide, silicon nitride or silicon carbide. The material of the top layer is ytterbium fluoride, yttrium fluoride or zinc sulfide. The intermediate layer and the top layer jointly constitute a multi-resonant absorption enhancer in the atmospheric transparent window.

Abstract: A vehicle surface includes a set of retroreflectors configured to reflect, at least in part, incident hostile light towards a source of the incident hostile light.

Abstract: A holographic image display system comprising a processor receiving image data at an input and producing output hologram data based on the image data. The image data comprises three-dimensional image data that is separable into a plurality of two-dimensional image layers at different image planes. The processor is configured to: a) perform a space-frequency transform on each image layer to provide a transformed image layer, b) apply a focus factor to each transformed image layer, c) apply a pseudo-random phase factor to each transformed image layer, and d) sum the transformed image layers to form a holographic sub-frame, e) repeat steps (c) and (d) for a plurality of iterations, applying a different pseudo-random phase factor to the transformed image layers in each iteration to form a plurality of holographic sub-frames; and f) drive a spatial light modulator with the holographic sub-frames in rapid temporal succession to generate a holographic image.

Abstract: An apparatus which includes an ultraviolet laser and at least one reflective mirror having a substrate which is made from beryllium, an aluminum metal matrix, or silicon carbide. The at least one mirror is adapted to reflect a laser beam generated from the ultraviolet laser, which can then be used on a silicon film used in the production of an electronic display. The laser beam can be used to anneal the silicon film, or in a laser lift-off process for separating the silicon film from a temporary substrate upon which the silicon film was mounted.

Abstract: A method of holographic projection includes projecting at least one calibration image.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method that combines two different hologram origination processes in a single photoresist layer by using an interlayer to transfer structures exposed by electron beam lithography into overlapped with dot-matrix hologram areas, and fabricated holographic structures are replicated in multilayer polymer films. Dot-matrix technique is low cost process, which has high origination speed and can be used for the patterning of large areas of holograms with high diffraction efficiency. Electron beam lithography allows the formation of high resolution structures. The method allows combining these two technologies so that the final security device could contain electron beam patterned high resolution diffraction gratings, computer generated holograms, as well as dot-matrix laser patterned large hologram areas with high diffraction efficiency, providing an increased level of protection.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic head-up display device includes two directional backlit type displays, a first reflector, a second reflector, a third reflector and a beam splitter. The two displays emit two image light beams with directivity, respectively, and the two image light beams are parallax image light for a viewer's eyes. One of the two displays, the first reflector, the beam splitter, the windshield and one of the viewer's eyes form a first light path, and the other one of the two displays, the second reflector, the beam splitter, the third reflector, the windshield and the other one of the viewer's eyes form a second light path. The two image light beams are projected onto the viewer's eyes through the first and second light paths, to form a stereoscopic image.

Abstract: Example embodiments provide digital holographic techniques and associated systems for imaging through scattering media in a strictly one-sided observation in which the observer (e.g. the controller of the camera) has no access to the object plane nor does the observer introduce a fluorescing agent to the object plane. An example imaging system comprises a laser source, a digital sensor array, and a processing system.

Abstract: An optical master is created by using a nanoimprint alignment layer to pattern a liquid crystal layer. The nanoimprint alignment layer and the liquid crystal layer constitute the optical master. The optical master is positioned above a photo-alignment layer. The optical master is illuminated and light propagating through the nanoimprinted alignment layer and the liquid crystal layer is diffracted and subsequently strikes the photo-alignment layer. The incident diffracted light causes the pattern in the liquid crystal layer to be transferred to the photo-alignment layer. A second liquid crystal layer is deposited onto the patterned photo-alignment layer, which subsequently is used to align the molecules of the second liquid crystal layer. The second liquid crystal layer in the patterned photo-alignment layer may be utilized as a replica optical master, or as a diffractive optical element for directing light in optical devices such as augmented reality display devices.