Abstract: A method for recovering substantially pure p,p-bisarylols from a mixture comprising the same by subjecting the mixture to vacuum distillation and melt crystallization in the absence of an adduct crystallization and the generation of a reaction recycle stream.

Abstract: A process for preparing an adduct of a bisphenol with a phenolic compound comprising the following steps:a) reacting a carbonyl compound with a stoichiometric excess of a phenolic compound in the presence of an acidic cation exchange resin as a catalyst, to produce a product mixture containing a bisphenol, unreacted phenolic compound, unreacted carbonyl compound and water, andb) crystallizing an adduct of the bisphenol with the phenolic compound from the product mixture in a crystallization device in the presence of water and acetone.The product mixture obtained in step a) is not subjected to a distillation step before the product mixture enters the crystallization device and prior to the crystallization step b) the content of the carbonyl compound in the product mixture is controlled and, if necessary, carbonyl compound is added such that the total concentration of the carbonyl compound is from about 0.1 to about 8 percent, based on the total weight of the product mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for decomposing formate esters, free acids and peroxides in a tertiary butyl alcohol stream to produce noncondensible gas products which comprises reacting said tertiary butyl alcohol stream or a methyl tertiary butyl alcohol stream containing formate esters over a catalyst comprising a non-noble Group VIII metal and a metal of Group IB on a support comprising an inert composition mixed with a hydrotalcite-like composition.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of essentially linear and saturated hydrocarbons from natural gas (1), comprising the following successive steps, the order of steps (b) and (c) being exchangeable or said steps being capable of being conducted simultaneously:(a) producing (6) synthesis gas (7) by treatment of said gas,(b) mixing an effluent comprising at least the synthesis gas (7) obtained from the preceding step and an effluent (4) comprising mainly C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbons,(c) cooling an effluent comprising at least the mixture obtained from the preceding step,(d) transforming the effluent (8) obtained from step (c) in a cracking zone (10),(e) separating (12) the effluent obtained at step (d) into an effluent comprising mainly water (13) and an anhydrous effluent (14), and(f) transforming (15) the effluent obtained from step (e) (14) by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

Abstract: An alkanediol such as 1,3-propanediol is prepared in a process which involves reacting an alkylene oxide with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in an essentially non-water-miscible solvent in the presence of a non-phosphine-ligated cobalt or rhodium catalyst and a cobalt or rhodium porphyrin promoter to produce an intermediate product mixture containing a hydroxyalkanal in an amount less than 15 wt %; extracting the hydroxyalkanal from the intermediate product mixture into an aqueous liquid at a temperature less than about 100.degree. C. and separating the aqueous phase containing hydroxyalkanal from the organic phase containing cobalt catalyst; hydrogenating the hydroxyalkanal in the aqueous phase to an alkanediol; and recovering the alkanediol.The process enables the production of an alkanediol such as 1,3-propanediol in high yields and selectivity without the use of a phosphine ligand with the cobalt or rhodium catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula in which formula X is hydrogen or hydroxy; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, stand for hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, taken together with the carbon atom bearing the group X, can form a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 carbocyclic ring; Q is a single bond or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbylene diradical; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and/or Q may be optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; and prodrugs of formula in which one or more of the hydroxy groups are masked as groups which can be reconverted to hydroxy groups in vivo. The compounds show antiinflammatory and immunomodulating effects as well as stong activity in inducing differentiation and inhibiting undesirable proliferation of certain cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the endothermic catalytic conversion of gaseous hydrocarbons with steam to form a gaseous mixture containing hydrogen, utilizing a reform catalyst based on nickel provided on a thermostable support, wherein at least 90% of the nickel particles (based on the number) are smaller than 10 nm and at least a part of the thermal energy required for the endothermic conversion is generated in the reaction mixture through a controlled catalytic reaction of a part of the hydrocarbon with oxygen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the partial oxidation of C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons, using novel membranes formed from perovskitic or multi-phase structures, with a chemically active coating which demonstrate exceptionally high rates of fluid flux. The process uses membranes that are conductors of oxygen ions and electrons, which are substantially stable in air over the temperature range of 25.degree. C. to the operating temperature of the membrane.

Abstract: A macromolecular material having a linear, branched or crosslinked framework, and substituted with ionic substituents, wherein the ionic substituents are incorporated by reaction of a group, Y, of one or more ionic monomers having the formula (I):M?Y--(O--(CHR).sub.p --(CH.sub.2).sub.q).sub.n --C(SO.sub.2 R.sub.F).sub.2).sub.m (I)whereinM, m, R.sub.F, R, Y, n, p and q are as described herein;and the use of the macromolecular material in the production of a variety of electrochemical systems.

Abstract: It is possible to obtain fluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether which has a high purity and in which an impurity making the purification by distillation difficult has been removed, by contacting a crude fluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether with a Bronsted acid(s), a Lewis acid(s) or an acid(s) fixed to a resin or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of purifying fluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether by adding a compound selected from hydroxides of, hydrogenphosphates of, phosphates of, hydrogencarbonates of, borates of or sulfites of alkali metals, or alkali metal salts of acetic acid or of phthalic acid, or boric acid to fluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether, add then by distillation. It is possible to effectively suppress the decomposition, at the time of distillation, of fluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether that is used as a pharmaceutical and particularly as an inhalation anesthetic and thus to obtain fluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl ether of high purity.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel process to oxidize 1,4-dihydroxy aromatic compounds into the corresponding quinones using sulfuryl chloride as the oxidant. The process is simple and cost effective and provides an efficient way to synthesize hindered quinones.

Abstract: Tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)alkanes such as 1,1,1 -tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane are purified by formation of an adduct with a molar excess of a C.sub.1-4 primary alkyl tertiary amine, preferably triethylamine. Adduct formation is preferably effected in a polar organic solvent such as methanol. The pure tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)alkane may be recovered from the adduct by thermal or aqueous acid-promoted cracking.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the catalytic water vapor reforming of methanol. The reforming process is carried out in two stages. The methanol is incompletely reacted in the first stage in a heat-transfer-optimized process with a high specific catalyst load. In a reaction-optimized second stage, while the specific catalyst load is lower, a further reaction is carried out which completes the methanol reaction. In addition, a tube bundle reactor is disclosed in which the first, heat-transfer-optimized stage takes place in reaction tubes which, for constructing heat transfer medium ducts, are each surrounded by a concentric outer tube, while the second, reaction-optimized stage is carried out after the return of the reform gas in the housing. The reaction tubes as well as the area between the outer tubes are filled with catalyst material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1,8-diacetoxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone, also known as diacerein, via aloin acetylation, oxidation of the acetylated product, and purification of the raw diacerein obtained by means of crystallization from 2-methoxyethanol or N,N-dimethylacetamide and optionally by dissolution of the corresponding salt with triethylamine in methylene chloride, followed by removal of the insoluble residue.

Abstract: A catalyst and slurry reactor Fischer-Tropsch conversion process utilizing novel catalysts comprising cobalt promoted with molybdenum or molybdenum and zirconium on a small diameter inorganic oxide support. The catalysts have been found to be highly selective for production of liquid hydrocarbons while minimizing production of less desirable oxygen-containing products such as alcohols. The preferred catalysts contain from about 5% to 50% cobalt and from about 0.1% to 10% molybdenum or molybdenum and zirconium.