Abstract: A process for producing a cationic emulsion stable to alkalis having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 micron, in which, using as an emulsifier, a water-soluble polymer A2 obtained by subjecting a polymer A1 obtained by copolymerizing an amino group-containing compound with a compound copolymerizable therewith in the presence of a polymerization initiator, to neutralization with an organic or inorganic acid, a specific epoxy group-containing acrylate compound (c) and a compound copolymerizable therewith are subjected in combination to emulsion polymerization in the presence of a redox catalyst system in water as a medium to obtain an emulsion D; the emulsion D is then reacted with epichlorohydrin. The cationic emulsion is coated on paper, a film, or a strongly alkaline substrate to impart water resistance.

Abstract: Mercaptans are normally used as chain transfer agents in emulsion polymerizations. The mercaptans used in commercial applications are typically complex mixtures of hundreds of similar compounds having boiling points within a narrow range. The chain transfer activity of different mercaptans with such mixtures can vary substantially. To further complicate the situation, the distribution of various mercaptans can also vary substantially between lots of material obtained from commercial sources. Thus, consistent molecular weight control is typically difficult to attain in free radical emulsion polymerizations. This invention is based upon the unexpected discovery that dibenzyltrithiocarbonate will act as a pure compound to effectively and consistently control molecular weight in free radical emulsion polymerizations. The polydispersity of polymers made using dibenzyltrithiocarbonate as a molecular weight regulator is similar to that obtained using conventional mercaptan systems.

Abstract: A polymeric latex prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomeric mixture comprising styrene and butadiene in the presence of a seed polymer prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of styrene and a salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers containing graphite particles are prepared by polymerizing styrene in aqueous suspension in the presence of graphite particles and of two peroxides which decompose at different temperatures, by a process in which the peroxide decomposing at the lower temperature forms neither benzoyl nor benzyl radicals on decomposition.

Abstract: A carpet back coating composition which is an aqueous emulsion polymerization product of ethylene, vinyl acetate, and a ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy-functional monomer to form an emulsion copolymer which is combined with a crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of multifunctional aziridine, multifunctional isocyanate, and multifunctional epoxide. Carpets prepared with the carpet back coating compositions exhibit improved wet strength. The improvement in wet strength is achieved by means of crosslinking reactions which do not generate volatile organic compounds as by-products.

Abstract: A wall repair compound useful for filling and repairing cracks, holes, and other imperfections in a wall surface includes a conventional filler material, a conventional binder material, and a dust reducing additive which reduces the quantity of airborne dust particles generated when sanding the hardened joint compound. Airborne dust reducing additives include oils, surfactants, solvents, waxes, and other petroleum derivatives. The additive can be added to conventional ready-mixed joint compounds and to setting type joint compounds. The method of reducing the quantity of airborne dust generated when sanding a fully hardened joint compound includes mixing a sufficient quantity of the dust reducing additive with the joint compound prior to when the joint compound has been applied to the wall.

Abstract: This invention relates to washable coloring compositions comprising specific low-molecular weight styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers. Such copolymers provide excellent washability enhancing performance in association with colorants and inks. Also, these specific compounds exhibit low viscosities which allow for greater amounts of washability enhancing copolymers to be added within colorant and ink formulations while simultaneously permitting the retention of sufficiently low overall viscosities of the target compositions. Such copolymers provide highly effective prevention of permanent colorations to certain substrates, such as skin, clothing, and the like, by the inks, dyes, and the like, within the target compositions. Marker styluses, writing implements, and other colorant transfer devices, containing these inventive compositions, are also encompassed within this invention.

Abstract: A process for the emulsion polymerization in the presence of a stable free radical of at least one monomer which can be polymerized by the radical route, which emulsion comprises a liquid aqueous phase and a liquid organic phase, the aqueous phase comprising at least 50% by weight of water and the liquid organic phase comprising more than 50% by weight of monomer(s) to be polymerized. The invention results, by a rapid controlled polymerization process, in a latex of polymer particles, it being possible for the polymer to comprise acrylate and/or methacrylate blocks.

Abstract: New sulfur-vulcanizable, silica-reinforced tire rubber compositions and tires and tire parts, vulcanized and unvulcanized, made employing them are made with coupling agent compositions comprising a sulfur-containing norbornanyl silicon compound of the structure [Sy—R]n—SiX4−n wherein each X is chosen from monovalent hydrocarbon groups or hydrolyzable groups; y is 1 to 5 when y is 1 the compound is an episulfide, and when y is 2 to 5 the sulfur atoms form a polysulfide wherein each sulfur atom is bonded to another sulfur atom and the terminal valences of the polysulfide are bonded to vicinal carbon atoms; n is 1, 2 or 3; R is a polyvalent polycycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical. Tires made with these compositions exhibit a desirable combination of properties, including reduced rolling resistance and road noise and maintained or improved modulus, wet traction and abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A process for preparing an emulsion polymer comprising placing a first mixture of monomers in a feed tank B which is connected directly to a reactor, placing a second mixture of monomers in a feed tank A which is connected to the feed tank B, and continuously varying the composition ratio of the monomers of feed tanks A and B in the emulsion polymer. The composition ratio is varied by varying the rate of feeding of the second mixture of monomers present in tank A into tank B while simultaneously varying the rate of feeding of the first mixture of monomers present in tank B into the reactor. The polymerization occurs as the first and second mixtures of monomers are simultaneously fluxed in the reactor while stirring.

Abstract: The decomposition reactive emulsifier of this invention is a compound of formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represents an alkyl or alkenyl group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom and both R1 and R2 are not concurrently a hydrogen; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; A is an alkylene or substituted alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 1 to 100 when X is a hydrogen atom or n is an integer of from 0 to 100 when X is an ionic hydrophilic group, said ionic hydrophilic group being anionic, cationic or amphoteric and when n is 2 or greater (AO)n is a homopolymer or a block copolymer or a random copolymer.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion which comprises as a resin component a self-emulsifiable copolymer in which at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and at least one urethane prepolymer having at least one mercapto group and at least one hydrophilic, polar group are bonded by radical polymerization or in which at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least one organic polyisocyanate, at least one compound having at least one mercapto group and at least one active hydrogen-containing group and at least one compound having at least one hydrophilic, polar group and at least one active hydrogen-containing group are bonded by urethanization reaction and radical polymerization. The aqueous emulsion is better in storage stability than conventional ones.

Abstract: A method for producing protective-colloid-stabilized polymers in the form of their aqueous polymer dispersions or in the form of powders which can be re-dispersed in water, wherein one or several monomers from the group made up of vinyl aromatics, 1.3 dienes, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters of alcohols with 1 to 15 C-atoms are polymerized in the presence of a combination of protective colloids consisting of one or several protective colloids from the group of hydrophobically modified, partly saponified polyvinyl esters which produce a surface tension of ≦40 mN/m as a 2% aqueous solution, and one or several protective colloids which produce a surface tension of >40 mN/m as a 2% aqueous solution.

Abstract: An elastomer composition, including: at least one elastomer; a plasticizer which includes at least one polymeric material having a weighted average molecular weight of (Mw) of 500 to 1,000,000, formed from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a curing agent, wherein the at least one polymeric material is substantially permanent within the elastomer. The subject elastomer compositions have enhanced plasticity and processability without attendant migration, heat or solvent extraction and compatibility problems.

Abstract: Composite cellulose containing materials which are waterproof and biodegradable are produced which consist essentially of cellulose and hydrophobic polymer-based composition in the amount about 4 to 40 wt %. The polymer-based composition comprises first polymer, which is partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, second polymer, which functions as plasticizer for improving elasticity of the first polymer and cross-linking agent, which is capable to cross-link the first polymer. The polymer-based composition may additionally contain environmentally friendly hydrophobizators, fillers and pigments.

Abstract: Acrylic emulsions are obtained by carrying out a polymerization reaction of a first acrylic monomer dispersion, adding a second acrylic monomer dispersion, and carrying out a further polymerization reaction wherein the first acrylic monomer dispersion contains acrylic monomer and tackifier in a first proportion to acrylic monomer contained in the first acrylic monomer dispersion and wherein the second acrylic monomer dispersion contains acrylic monomer and tackifier in a second proportion to acrylic monomer contained in the second acrylic monomer dispersion, and wherein the proportion of tackifier in the first acrylic monomer dispersion is lower than the proportion of tackifier in the second acrylic monomer dispersion. A high molecular weight acrylic polymer is obtained when the first acrylic monomer dispersion is polymerization reacted. The second acrylic monomer dispersion is added to the first acrylic monomer dispersion after the first acrylic monomer dispersion is polymerization reacted.

Abstract: A hot-sealable coated substrate comprising a primer layer from an aqueous poly(meth)acrylate dispersion, comprised of: (A) 50-90 wt. % methacrylic acid esters; (B) 5-30 wt. % acrylic acid alkyl esters [lit., “acrylic acid acrylic esters”]; (C) 2-10 wt. % of another functionalized monomer; (D) 2-10 wt. % of a radically polymerizable carboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid or a partially esterified polycarboxylic acid; and (E) 0-40 wt. % of a monomer which is copolymerizable with components (A) to (D).

Abstract: A water-based latex of an acrylic-modified waterborne alkyd dispersion in water is described. The acrylic-modified waterborne alkyd is a hybrid resin prepared by the polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a waterborne alkyd having at least one pendant sulfonate functionality. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer may also be a latent oxidatively functional (LOF) acrylic monomer. Preparation of the latexes may be achieved by emulsion polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a waterborne alkyd having at least one pendant sulfonate functionality. Preparation of hybrid latexes which contain latent oxidative functional (LOF) acrylic monomers may also be achieved by emulsion polymerization of at least one LOF acrylic monomer in the presence of a waterborne alkyd having at least one pendant sulfonate functionality whereby the latent oxidative functionality of the acrylic polymer survives polymerization.

Abstract: A formulation based on polyvinyl chloride compounds (PVC) particularly to high mechanical resistance compounds, specially with regard to abrasion. The composition does not have heavy metal based stabilizers and is used for insulation of thin wall automotive primary cable. The present invention includes a process to prepare said formulation.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing polymers is disclosed. The continuous process includes the steps of continuously feeding a reaction mixture containing a monomer into a non-cylindrical channel, continuously controlling the temperature of the non-cylindrical channel by exposing the surface of the non-cylindrical channel not exposed to the monomer to a temperature control medium, polymerizing the monomer in the non-cylindrical channel, and continuously removing the polymer from the non-cylindrical channel. The continuous process is suitable for the preparation of polymers containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers as polymerized units by emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, and suspension polymerization.