Abstract: An electron field emission device is provided by placing a substrate in a reactor, heating the substrate and supplying a mixture of hydrogen and a carbon-containing gas at a concentration of about 8 to 13 percent to the reactor while supplying energy to the mixture of gases near the substrate for a time to grow a first layer of carbon-based material to a thickness greater than about 0.5 micrometers, subsequently reducing the concentration of the carbon-containing gas and continuing to grow a second layer of carbon-based material, the second layer being much thicker than the first layer. The substrate is subsequently removed from the first layer and an electrode is applied to the second layer. The surface of the substrate may be patterned before growth of the first layer to produce a patterned surface on the field emission device. The device is free-standing and can be used as a cold cathode in a variety of electronic devices such as cathode ray tubes, amplifiers and traveling wave tubes.

Abstract: Electromagnetic deflection unit for color cathode-ray tubes, comprising a pair of horizontal deflection coils and a pair of vertical deflection coils, the saddle-shaped vertical deflection coils having a rear bundle on the electron-gun side and a front bundle located on the screen side, lateral conductor harnesses 120 connecting the two bundles so as to produce a main window in the intermediate region lying between these said bundles, the conductor harnesses being arranged so that, at the end of the main window 18, on the gun side, at least 98% of the lateral harness conductors lie within an angular aperture &THgr;m of between 60 and 80°. This arrangement of the conductors in the rear part of the window makes it possible to minimize the aberrations due to coma parabola so as to avoid the use of additional field shapers.

Abstract: A CRT electron gun of the present invention has a cathode for emitting electrons toward a screen as a display face, a G2 electrode to which a voltage higher than that of the cathode is applied, a Gm electrode to which a predetermined voltage is applied, and a G3 electrode to which a voltage higher than that of the G2 electrode is applied, wherein at least those three electrodes are provided with an electron-passing opening and are arranged on the same axis in that order from the side of the cathode, and the potential of the aforementioned cathode is varied to vary the amount of electrons to be drawn; and in this, a configuration is made such that the lowest potential on the axis in a portion where the aforementioned Gm electrode exists substantially agrees with the maximum potential in a range where the potential of the aforementioned cathode varies, and a part of the electrons drawn from the aforementioned cathode flows into at least one of the aforementioned G2 electrode and the aforementioned Gm electrode.

Abstract: A high power LED lamp has a GaN chip placed over an AlGaInP chip. A reflector is placed between the two chips. Each of the chips has trenches diverting light for output. The chip pair can be arranged to produce white light having a spectral distribution in the red to blue region that is close to that of daylight. Also, the chip pair can be used to provide an RGB lamp or a red-amber-green traffic lamp. The active regions of both chips can be less than 50 microns away from a heat sink.

Abstract: A short arc mercury lamp includes a luminous bulb enclosing at least mercury as a luminous material and a pair of electrodes opposed to each other; and a pair of sealing portions for sealing a pair of metal foils electrically connected to the pair of electrodes, respectively. The electrode central axis of one of the pair of electrodes is dislocated from the electrode central axis of the other electrode. The shortest distance d (cm) between the head of one of the electrodes and the head of the other electrode is larger than the value of (6M/13.6&pgr;)1/3 when the total mass of the enclosed mercury is M (g).

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus with good yield and high reliability is provided by devising and improving the shape of a supporting member. Therefore, a flat type image-forming apparatus has at least a rear plate, a face plate arranged oppositely to the rear plate, and a supporting member arranged between the rear plate and the face plate and holding the distance between the rear plate and the face plate in an outer circumferential edge portion. In this flat type image-forming apparatus, the shape of a nook portion of the supporting member is set to an arc shape on the inner or outer side of a container.

Abstract: In an electron emitting device, an electron source and an image forming apparatus making use of it, and producing methods of them, an organic film is present on a pair of conductive films forming the electron emitting device. This organic film is placed in an area on the conductive films. This prevents occurrence of leak paths between the conductive films, which used to occur because of change of the organic film on the substrate into a conductor where the organic film existed on the substrate outside the area of the conductive films, and prevents decrease in electron emission efficiency.

Abstract: A gasket for a threaded element such as a spark plug to be screwed into a threaded hole of a support such as a cylinder head is provided. The threaded element has a threaded portion and an annular seat portion. The gasket is installed on the threaded element and compressed between the seat portion and an outer surface of the support around a threaded hole, when the threaded element is screwed into the threaded hole, to provide a seal between the threaded portion and the threaded hole. The gasket is formed from an annular sheet metal and in the form of an annular strip of a cross section including a plurality of bent portions. The cross section is made by a plane including a center axis of the gasket and of a such a bent shape as to enable an imaginary reference line which is located on the above described plane and parallel with the center axis, to cross at least three portions of the cross section. The initial axial size of the gasket, i.e.

Abstract: A shadow mask support frame for a color CRT is disclosed, in which a coupling portion between a main frame and a sub frame, and a shape of the sub frame are improved to increase the frequency of unique oscillation, thereby reducing a howling phenomenon occurring in a shadow mask. The shadow mask support frame for a color CRT includes: two main frames having hollow sections; two sub frames having solid sections, end portions respectively fixed into respective end portions of the main frames, a support portion inwardly extended with a predetermined length at an obtuse angle to the end portions, and a central portion inwardly extended with a predetermined length at an obtuse angle to the support portion; and a bracket mounted between respective end portions of the main frames and the sub frames, for reinforcing fixing portions of the main frames and the sub frames.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes an electron gun having cathode structures arrayed in line with a cup-shaped first grid electrode. Each of the cathode structures is fused and fixed to a cathode in an electrically insulated state by hermetic glass. A cathode support to which the cathode structures are fixed by glass is fixedly housed in the cup-shaped first grid electrode, and the first grid electrode and the cathode support are welded on an axis along which the cathode structures are arrayed. The cathode structures and the first grid electrode are welded on an inline axis so that the thermal deformation of the cathode support can be made uniform at the center portion and at side portions. Accordingly, at the start-up time of the color cathode ray tube, the cathode currents at the center portion and at the side portions can be equalized and a good color balance can be maintained on the screen.

Abstract: A plasma display device including front and rear substrate disposed parallel to and facing each other, first electrodes formed in strips on the rear substrate, second and third electrodes formed of a conductive metal in strips on the lower surface of the front substrate so as to be perpendicular to the first electrodes, and at least one auxiliary electrode formed adjacent to the second and third electrodes.

Abstract: A long life, halogen cycle, incandescent lamp (30) for operation in excess of 85 volts. The lamp comprises a transparent glass envelope (34) having sealed therewithin a tungsten filament (45); a pair of electrical lead-ins (42, 44) connecting the filament and extending exteriorly of the envelope for connection to a supply voltage greater than 100 V; and a fill gas within the envelope, including a halogen, at a pressure of at least three atmospheres. The envelope is constructed of a five component alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17% Al2O3; from 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 6% MgO, from about 6 to about 12% CaO, from about 7 to about 17% BaO and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO2.