Abstract: Systems and methods relating to utilizing plant shoot-to-root temperature differentials alone or in conjunction gas mixture humidity about a plant shoot to improve plant bast fiber growth; the timing, sequence, and range of shoot-to-root temperature differentials selected during plant development utilized to modify and improve plant bast fibers for industrial, scientific, and medical use.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of almond tree, which is denominated varietally as ‘Buralmfour’, is described with self-fertility and which produces an attractively light-colored kernel that is mature for harvesting on approximately August 19 to August 25 under the ecological conditions prevailing in the San Joaquin Valley of central California.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Hebe plant named ‘Humdime’ that is characterized by its variegated foliage that is creamy yellow in color with a green stripe in the center with the leaves turning mostly all green in the winter under low light conditions, its white flowers, and its height of 15 to 20 cm in its first season in the garden and a height of 60 cm as a mature plant in the garden.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Coleus (Coleus scutellarioides) plant named ‘UF21-83-1’ having a combination of desirable traits that make it well-suited for use as an annual plant in the summer landscape. ‘UF21-83-1’ has consistent foliage color patterning, and fast growth rate and vigor in the greenhouse and landscape. ‘UF21-83-1’ has ruffled, highly lobed foliage that is predominantly dark red with consistent yellowish green leaf margins and a yellowish green base on the upper surface and undersides. ‘UF21-83-1’ maintains these contrasting colors and patterns in both sun and shade. ‘UF21-83-1’ is upright in habit, but it is highly branched and spreading in form, growing wider than it does tall.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Hydrangea quercifolia plant named ‘Bocotoso’ that is characterized by its inflorescences with fertile and sterile flowers, its small, dense, compact plant habit, its strong branches (do not lodge), its red foliage colors in late summer to early fall, its dense inflorescences that are ovate to conical in shape with white sterile flowers, and its floriferous blooming habit.

Abstract: A new and distinct Cannabis plant named ‘Pure Red 3’ is characterized by its unique pungent strawberry aroma that is distinct and clearly recognizable. ‘Pure Red 3’ has a high flower to biomass ratio and a relatively short flowering time compared with other commercial varieties known to the inventors.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Daphne plant named ‘Moon Canyon’ that is characterized by its open and semi-upright plant habit, striking variegated green-centered and yellow-margined foliage in spring and cream-yellow margins from late spring and early summer, and white flowers whose orange anthers present as small orange eyes. Plants of ‘Moon Canyon’ are in continual bloom from late spring until fall, with peak blooming occurring in late spring and early summer. In combination, these traits set ‘Moon Canyon’ apart from all other varieties of Daphne known to the inventor.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Echinacea plant named ‘IFECSSPOM’, characterized by its upright to broadly upright and relatively compact plant habit; moderately vigorous to vigorous growth habit; freely branching habit; strong dark-colored flowering stems; numerous single-type inflorescences with two whorls of red to red purple-colored ray florets and red-colored receptacle spines; and good garden performance.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Rosa named ‘TMRO14-08’ that is distinguishable by a semi-prostrate plant habit, small glossy green compound leaves, and lightly fragrant semi-double flowers which open pale pink in color with darker pink centers. The pink color of the early flowers soon gives way to pure white flowers with occasional tinges of very pale pink. ‘TMRO14-08’ bears glossy red hips when mature and is hardy in USDA Hardiness Zone 5. In combination, these traits set ‘TMRO14-08’ apart from all other existing varieties of Rosa known to the inventor.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Tecoma plant named ‘SMNTSC’, characterized by its relatively compact, upright to somewhat outwardly spreading and mounding plant habit; moderately vigorous growth habit and moderate growth rate; freely branching habit; medium green-colored leaves; freely flowering habit; large inflorescences with large bright yellow-colored flowers; and good garden performance.

Abstract: A new and unique cultivar of hyssop, Agastache plant named ‘Blue Bayou’ with medium-sized, dense, mounded, well-branched, upright, winter-hardy habit and dark green foliage color with wine-colored underside as emerging. The new plant is freely-flowering with flowers of dark purple coloration beginning in early summer and continuing into fall with densely branched panicles. The new plant has excellent vigor, is resistant to deer and rabbits, and is useful in the landscape and as a cut flower.

Abstract: A new hop plant named ‘HBC 1134’ is disclosed. ‘HBC 1134’ is used for its exceptional and unique aromatic qualities, and is suitable for beer flavoring.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of Echinacea plant having an upright, very compact growth habit and numerous, magenta colored blooms.

Abstract: A new garden rose plant of the miniature class which has abundant, pink flowers and attractive foliage. This new and distinct variety has shown to be uniform and stable in the resulting generations from asexual propagation.

Abstract: A new Clematis plant with a moderately compact growth habit, profuse, violet blue flowers, and continuous summer flowering. The variety successfully propagates from softwood cuttings and is suitable for cultivation in commercial nursery culture. This new and distinct variety has shown to be uniform and stable in the resulting generations from asexual propagation from vegetative cuttings.

Abstract: A new Pelargonium plant particularly distinguished by a dark red flower color, single flower filling, a lack of zonation, leaf margins with a deep sinus of crenate margin, and light green leaves, is disclosed.

Abstract: A new rose plant of the Miniature class which has abundant, dark red flowers and attractive foliage. This new and distinct variety has shown to be uniform and stable in the resulting generations from asexual propagation.

Abstract: A new and distinct Ceropegia woodii plant named ‘Merel’ which is characterized by a trailing habit, small narrowly cordate to near-deltoid foliage, conspicuously variegated foliage that is broadly margined white, a moderately fast rate of growth, as well as the stability of these characteristics from generation to generation.

Abstract: ‘311NR’ is a new and distinct variety of Phalaenopsis orchid; the instant variety is distinguishable from other cultivars known to the Inventors by its dark purple flower petals, overall plant length, and width of flower and flower petals.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of ornamental Bee Balm plant named Monarda didyma ‘Red Velvet’ has medium-height, winter-hardy, vigorous clumping habit, with basally branching stems, dark-green foliage with strong resistance to powdery mildew and numerous large flower heads of intense cherry-red-colored flowers creating excellent flower coverage for a long period in the summer. The new plant is attractive and useful in the garden landscape as a specimen, en masse, or as a container plant.