Abstract: In an internal combustion engine for a saddle riding vehicle, in which a gear transmission and a shift drum of a shift change device is stored in a crankcase, the gear transmission having a plurality of transmission shafts parallel to a crankshaft extending in a vehicle width direction, a single pump shaft common to first and second oil pumps is rotatably supported by the crankcase. First oil pump rotors of the first oil pump are disposed at a mating face of a pair of left and right crankcase half bodies. A second oil pump rotor of the second oil pump is disposed between a pump gear and the first oil pump and at a side surface, on a side opposite to the mating face, of one crankcase half body out of the pair of left and right crankcase half bodies, the pump gear being arranged in the pump shaft.

Abstract: An engine component includes an intake manifold of stratified layers defining a plurality of runners each having a gas outlet leading to a cylinder head, and a plenum including partial walls forming channels radiating from a common gas inlet extending into a gooseneck conduit having an incorporated throttle body. The gooseneck conduit transitions into the channels and runners such that there is no seal between the gooseneck, plenum, and runners.

Abstract: An oil separator unit including an upstream member having an opening through which the blowby gas passes, a downstream member having a hit portion hit by the blowby gas, and a porous member trapping the oil mist contained in the blowby gas that has passed through the through hole. The upstream member includes an upstream surface facing a first surface of the porous member, and a spacer projected from the upstream surface so as to generate a gap between the first surface and the upstream surface to support the first surface. The spacer includes a support portion supporting a side surface between the first surface and the second surface of the porous member at an end of the spacer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal combustion engine piston wherein at least one space is formed into which a coolant is installed. In one example, the coolant is first introduced into a coolant container and the coolant container is thereafter inserted into the at least one space in the piston. In one example, the coolant is an alkali metal consisting of sodium.

Abstract: An oil separator unit including an upstream member having an opening through which the blowby gas passes, a downstream member having a hit portion hit by the blowby gas, and a porous member trapping the oil mist contained in the blowby gas that has passed through the through hole. The upstream member includes an upstream surface facing a first surface of the porous member and a pair of recesses formed in substantially U-shapes along circumference portions in both end sides on an upstream surface of the upstream member, and the downstream member includes a pair of flange parts formed in substantially U-shapes so as to fit in the pair of recesses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for storing and feeding an auxiliary liquid to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle or to parts of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle, having a storage vessel for the fluid, having at least one delivery pump for the fluid, and having at least one line system comprising an inflow to a consumer and a return flow into the storage vessel, the system comprising a connector module which is inserted into an opening of the storage vessel, the connector module having fluid ducts which communicate with the storage vessel and are connected to an inflow line and to a return flow line of the line system, and the connector module comprising a module block which is configured as a thermally conductive and/or heatable body.

Abstract: A vehicle control device is provided, which includes an engine, an engine control mechanism configured to control torque generated by the engine, and a processor configured to execute a vehicle attitude controlling module to perform a vehicle attitude control in which the engine control mechanism is controlled to reduce the torque so as to decelerate the vehicle, when a condition that the vehicle is traveling and a steering angle related value that is related to a steering angle of a steering device increases is satisfied, and a preventing module to prevent a combustion frequency of the engine per unit time from falling below a given value while the vehicle attitude controlling module executes the vehicle attitude control.

Abstract: A failure diagnosis method of a coolant temperature sensor for a vehicle, may include determining, by a controller, whether or not it is in a flow stop state that stagnates the flow of coolant by a flow control valve; obtaining, by the controller, an engine outlet coolant model temperature when it is in the flow stop state; and diagnosing, by the controller, as a failure of an engine outlet-side outlet water temperature sensor when the coolant model temperature is equal to or greater than a reference temperature and the flow stop state is maintained by the flow control valve.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for variable thermal capacity charge air cooler (VTC-CAC). In one example, the VTC-CAC includes a plurality of cooling channels and an integrated bypass that diverts air around the cooling channels. Division of boosted intake air between the cooling channels and the bypass is regulated by a positioning of dual-gate mechanism that is adjusted in response to manifold charge temperature.

Abstract: A system includes an engine head that mounts to an engine block of a reciprocating engine, and the engine head includes an intake flow path, an exhaust flow path, a coolant flow path, and first and second sealing registers disposed on opposite sides of the coolant flow path. In addition, the first and second sealing registers are configured to receive a valve guide that supports a valve stem of an exhaust valve. Moreover, the first sealing register is disposed in a wall separating the exhaust flow path and the coolant flow path. Also, a first wall portion of the wall extends between the first sealing register and an exhaust valve seat configured to receive a valve head of the exhaust valve, and a second wall portion of the wall extends from the first sealing register away from the first wall portion.

Abstract: A control system for a coolant control valve unit, which includes a cam and a valve that opens and closes a coolant passage in conjunction with rotation of the cam, includes: a motor controlling the rotation of the cam; and a controller configured to correct a target valve opening degree of the valve using a correction value according to a degree of wear of the valve, to determine a target rotational angle of the cam using the target valve opening degree corrected by the correction value, and to control an operation of the motor according to the target rotational angle of the cam.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a brace and/or an engine block mounting system coupled to the engine block and arranged to reinforce and minimize deformation of the engine block. The reinforcement and reduced deformation of the engine block allows a lubrication system to provide reduced oil pressure to minimized clearances between mating internal engine components in relative motion. Meanwhile, permanent magnets are disposed in the piston, the connecting rods, and/or the crankshaft. Electromagnets are disposed in the engine block, the cylinder head, the brace, and/or the oil pan. A control system selectively provides an electrical current to the electromagnets to produce a desired magnetic field and affect the motion of the crankshaft. In at least one embodiment, the brace has a circular structure that surrounds part of the crankshaft and supports the plurality of electromagnets. In other embodiments, the brace is coupled to the main caps that support the crankshaft.

Abstract: A piston for an opposed-piston engine has a thermal barrier coating on at least the piston crown. The piston, at least the piston crown, is made of titanium or a titanium alloy. The thermal barrier coating includes a bonding material and a ceramic material. The bonding material can be present in the thermal barrier coating at an interface of the thermal barrier coating and the bulk of the piston material. The ceramic material can be a high R-Value material. In particular, the piston with a thermal barrier coating can be an exhaust piston for an opposed-piston engine.

Abstract: A 2-cycle, direct-injection diesel engine configured to accommodate low cetane diesel and jet fuels. The engine includes combustion chambers having surfaces which are operable at high temperatures during engine operation to increase the combustion rate of low cetane fuels. The engine is further configured to reduce starting times in cold and/or low pressure situations such as those experienced during attempts to restart a plane engine at relatively high altitudes.

Abstract: A piston includes an upper member having a crown and a combustion surface extending radially inward from the crown. The upper member includes concentrically oriented first and second upper connecting surfaces integrally formed on the bottom side of the upper member. At least one of the upper connecting surfaces includes a curvilinear and/or multi-arcuate cross-sectional profile. The piston also includes a lower member having a pair of opposing skirts, each skirt defining a bore. The lower member also includes concentrically oriented first and second lower connecting surfaces integrally formed on a top side of the lower member. The lower member is integrally connected to the upper member by friction welding. The curvilinear and/or multi-arcuate profile enables a shortened distance between the top surface of the crown and the bore centerline of the bore. Methods of manufacturing the piston are also disclosed.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a combustion engine for driving a tool of the work apparatus and further has an air filter unit for filtering the intake air of the combustion engine. The work apparatus defines a vertical direction. The air filter unit includes an air filter and a filter housing enclosing the air filter. The air filter extends along a filter axis and has a filter element disposed peripherally around the filter axis, wherein the filter axis forms an angle of inclination (?) with the vertical direction. The filter element has an upper filter section in relation to the vertical direction. The filter housing has, remotely from the upper filter section, at least one air intake window and, in addition thereto, a further upper, permanently open cold air intake window in the region of the upper filter section.

Abstract: A control method for a cooling system is provided. The system includes a vehicle operation state detecting portion having an ambient temperature sensor, first and second coolant temperature sensors, a coolant control valve unit that adjusts opening rates of first, second, and third coolant passages and a controller. The method includes determining whether an output signal of the ambient temperature sensor satisfies a predetermined an ambient low temperature driving condition and whether an output signal of the first coolant temperature sensor satisfies a predetermined first low temperature driving condition when the output signal of the ambient temperature sensor satisfies the predetermined the ambient low temperature driving condition. The coolant control valve unit opens the first and coolant passages and closes the second coolant passage when the output signal of the first coolant temperature sensor satisfies the predetermined first low temperature driving condition.

Abstract: A vehicle gas processing device is configured to supply gas generated by a vehicle to an intake pipe of a combustion engine. The device may includes: a gas pipe configured to communicate a gas generation source to the intake pipe, the gas pipe having a flexible end at least at an intake pipe side of the gas pipe; a check valve disposed between the intake pipe and the gas pipe, and configured to allow the gas to flow from the gas pipe toward the intake pipe and prohibit the gas to flow from the intake pipe toward the gas pipe; and a determining unit configured to determine that the gas pipe is detached from the check valve. The check valve is fixed to the intake pipe, and the gas pipe is detachably attached to the check valve.

Abstract: A method for operating an engine, such as a dual-fuel engine, that includes a plurality of cylinders in which an air/gas mixture of air and gaseous fuel is ignited during a power stroke using an ignition fluid that is injected into each cylinder during a power stroke of the cylinder. The air/gas mixture is injected into each cylinder, and the injection fluid is injected into the each cylinder into which the air/gas mixture has been injected. The ignition fluid is injected into the each cylinder in at least two consecutive injections during the power stroke of the each cylinder.

Abstract: A portable removable air-cooling accessory device for an air cooled engine, in a piston and/or light aircraft, and a method of using the air-cooling accessory to cool the engine of the light aircraft are described. The portable removable air-cooling accessory device includes at least a fan assembly, a housing having an enclosure forming and airflow channel, a rechargeable battery, and electrical components for controlling and monitoring the portable removable air-cooling accessory device is placed on the opening of the oil access door or the engines air cooling inlets to provide cooling airflow over the engine when a hot start scenario is anticipated.