Abstract: A phase-locked loop fractional-N frequency synthesizer, particularly of a sigma delta type, has a voltage controlled oscillator, a fractional-N frequency divider, a phase comparator, a charge pump, and a loop filter. The loop filter has a capacitive element for receiving a charge pump current from the charge pump. A filtered charge pump current controls the voltage controlled oscillator. The charge pump is operable in three current modes, a pre-charging/pre-discharging mode, a speed up mode, and a normal, locked mode. In the pre-charging/pre-discharging mode the charge pump is decoupled from the phase comparator so that the phase locked loop is open, and in the speed up and normal modes the charge pump is coupled to the phase comparator so that the phase locked-loop is closed.

Abstract: The invention presents a method of finishing a printed circuit board by using a soluble chloride added to a soft etching solution, the soluble chloride provides a source of chloride ions that beneficially combine with plated copper to form a protective CuCl layer. The protective layer is desirably used to prevent overetching of a copper film in a via or through-hole of a printed wiring board.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a receptacle connector having contacts or terminals to which the wires are crimped includes a contact holder. The contact holder supports the contacts and wires gripped by the contacts. The advance movement of the contacts as retained in the contact holder makes it possible to insert the contacts into holes of a housing simultaneously and after that the wires are extracted from the contact holder. The wire crimped connector can be produced in a cycle time much shorter than a conventional process.

Abstract: Piston-ringing apparatus comprises a tubular piston nest member for receiving each piston to locate the piston groove in a predetermined ring-receiving position, a plurality of ring cartridges positionable one at a time in alignment with the piston nest member. The aligned ring cartridge is engaged to the piston nest member to permit transfer of rings from the ring cartridge to the piston nest member and disengage the aligned ring cartridge when empty of rings. The stack of rings on the cartridge is moved by opposing fingers toward the piston groove to position an endmost ring residing on the nest member in the groove of each successive piston received in the nest member while the aligned ring cartridge is engaged thereto. A fiber optic switch is provided for directing a light beam tangentially through the piston groove to determine whether a ring is positioned therein. The switch provides a finger motor drive signal to stop feeding of a ring to the piston groove when a ring is present in the piston groove.

Abstract: A method of lapping the air bearing surface of a magnetoresistive head which minimizes the likelihood of interelement shorts at the air bearing surface is described. In a final, linear lapping phase, the air bearing surface is lapped back and forth parallel to the longitudinal axis of the head elements in an oscillatory path across a stationary lapping surface. Any scratches or smears of the elements will be along the length of the elements rather than transverse to the elements. Any transverse scratches or smears occurring in earlier lapping phases will be removed during the linear lapping phase.

Abstract: Apparatus for attaching a member onto a planar surface of an object within a predetermined degree of positioning accuracy relative to a reference axis on the planar surface. The apparatus comprises first and second bores in the object that are spaced a predetermined distance apart on the reference axis such that their respective centers extend substantially perpendicularly through the reference axis. First and second hollow protrusions are formed on a mating surface of the member and are spaced apart on the mating surface a second predetermined distance and are shaped such that the second predetermined distance can vary a predetermined amount relative to the first predetermined distance without affecting the ability to simultaneously insert the first and second protrusions into the first and second bores, respectively, while maintaining the degree of positioning accuracy of the member relative to the reference axis on the planar surface on the object.

Abstract: After both an ABS and a back surface of a slider are lapped, a one-surface lapping resulting in balanced compressive stresses of the ABS is performed resulting in unbalanced stresses to make the ABS flat while warping the ABS. At this stage, the slider deforms by changing the back surface in a convex shape, and the ABS itself is maintained flat by the lapping. Thereafter, a one-surface lapping of the back surface is performed to reduce the compressive stresses therein and make the back surface flat while warping the back surface. The slider deforms by changing the ABS in a convex shape and a positive crown on the ABS is formed. The ABS can be lapped flat, and in addition the crown can be formed. Reliability of data read/write can be improved.

Abstract: A sheet of material formed about a flower pot to provide a decorative cover wherein a portion of the sheet of material near an outer peripheral surface thereof extends above an upper end of the flower pot and such portion is crimped to assist in holding the sheet of material formed about the flower pot. The crimping is accomplished by forming overlapping folds in the crimp portion of the sheet of material or by connecting the crimp portion to a portion of the flower pot by way of a bonding material or by way of a drawstring or ribbon or by way of reinforcing members in the sheet of material or by way of a shrinkable material formed in the sheet of material for example.

Abstract: In an armature coil conductor arraying apparatus, a cylindrical coil guide tool 25 has a plurality of inner insertion holes or grooves 23a into which inner legs of coil conductors 2 are inserted and a plurality of outer grooves 24a provided radially outwardly of the inner insertion holes in respective outer peripheries of cylindrical inner coil holder 23 and cylindrical outer coil holder 24. A cylindrical holder 26 rotatable about an axis of the coil guide tool is disposed radially outwardly of the coil guide tool, and mounts a plurality of inclined settling plates or guides 29 for guiding outer legs of the coil conductors into the outer grooves when the holder is rotated.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multiple layer circuit board with stacked vias of fine dimension and pitch. A base laminate with conductive pattern is coated with a dielectric which is photolithographically processed to create holes exposing selected regions of the underlying conductive pattern. The holes through the dielectric are plated to form via connections between the surface and the conductive pattern on the base laminate. The recess created by the via is filled with a conductive and plateable polymer which upon curing forms a conductive plug. A second dielectric layer is deposited on the board structure and in succession photolithographically processed to expose the underlying plated via and plug. The hole in the second dielectric is plated and filled with conductive polymer so as to create a second via vertically aligned with and electrically connected to the underlying first via.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for manufacturing T-pieces from an unbranched starting piece of pipe by means of internal high-pressure forming (IHF). For this purpose, the starting piece of pipe is placed in a two-part forming tool which gives the shape, can be opened and closed, surrounds the starting piece of pipe, and has a cutout corresponding to the desired shape of the T-shaped pipe branch. Placed in a sealing manner against the two open end faces of the inserted starting piece of pipe in each case is a plunger which is movable in the forming tool and can be pushed axially into the forming took in each case by a pressure cylinder. The interior of the starting piece of pipe is filled with pressure fluid by means of an opening in at least one of the plungers, prior to being placed on the plungers in a sealing manner.

Abstract: According to the present invention there are provided a highly reliable electrode of high strength which undergoes little change even with the lapse of time, and a method for making the same, as well as a vacuum valve using such electrode and a vacuum circuit breaker using such vacuum valve. The vacuum circuit breaker has a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, each comprising an arc electrode, an arc electrode support member for supporting the arc electrode, and a coil electrode contiguous to the arc electrode support member, the arc electrode, the arc electrode support member and the coil electrode being formed as an integral structure by melting, not by bonding, particularly the arc electrode support member and the coil electrode being constituted by a Cu alloy containing 0.05-2.5% by weight of at least one of Cr, Ag, W, V and Zr.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for roughening or otherwise changing the gasket face of a bolt-like header plug. This apparatus utilizes a cutting or etching tool that cuts into the originally flat gasket face. A threaded shank formed by a lathe or other screw cutting machine extends from the face and is not useable for modifying the face. Roughening or otherwise modifying of the gasket face is in the form of grooves cut into the face so as to increase the sealing effect of the header plug when in use.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing laminated ceramic electronic components includes a step of forming a block by laminating ceramic green-sheets each having a main surface on which interior electrodes are formed with intervals in a direction orthogonally intersecting the main surfaces of the green-sheets. In a first cutting step, a first dicing blade having a width of 0.3 mm is pressed against the block at positions corresponding to the intervals between the electrodes to form grooves extending from one main surface toward the other main surface of the block, thereby to form a green mother board series in which a plurality of green mother boards being divided by the grooves are connected to each other via connection portions. Each of the green mother boards includes a plurality of element portions. Thereafter, the green mother board series is fired in a firing step. In a second cutting step, a second dicing blade having a width of 0.

Abstract: A loading method and a system therefor for guiding a magnetic head onto a magnetic disk medium using a guiding jig. The guiding jig has a first guiding surface that is parallel to the recording surface of the magnetic disk medium when positioned next to the edge of the disk, and a second guiding surface that is inclined with respect to the first guiding surface. The magnetic head slides on the second guiding surface to the first guiding surface, and then onto the recording surface of the magnetic disk.

Abstract: A wrapping material comprising a sheet of material having a bonding material comprising a cold seal adhesive used to wrap floral groupings and/or flower pots, the outer periphery of the pots having a cold seal adhesive disposed theron as well. Methods for using both a wrapping material and flower pots having a cold seal adhesive thereon comprising shaping the sheet of wrapping material to form a sleeve having an opening for disposing the flower pot such that at least on portion of the cold seal adhesive disposed on the outer surface of the pot is aligned with another portion of the cold seal adhesive of the inner surface of the sleeve, connecting the sleeve to the flower pot by pressing the aligned cold seal adhesive portions together to form a bonding connection, thereby forming a wrapper about the flower pot.

Abstract: Apparatus for positioning tooling with respect to a workpiece such as for positioning an anvil and clamping members on the inner surface of a fuselage being riveted. The apparatus comprises a tooling head, a frame for supporting the head, a carriage for moving the frame relative to the workpiece including movement of the frame along an axis. The frame is movable radially of the axis toward and away from the workpiece for macro-movement of the head. The head is also movable relative to the frame for movement of the tooling radially of the axis toward and away from the workpiece for micro-movement of the tooling for clamping to and unclamping from the workpiece as well as to clear flange portions of stringers being riveted to the workpiece.

Abstract: Permanent magnets disposed on the outer circumferential surface of a yoke are reliably and efficiently covered with a cylindrical member of fiber-reinforced resin. A covering apparatus has a holding jig for being forced into an insertion end of the cylindrical member and guiding a rotor when the rotor is inserted into the cylindrical member, and a movable jig for being forced with the holding jig into the cylindrical member, engaging a leading end of the rotor, and being inserted together with the rotor into the cylindrical member. The holding jig and the movable jig have teeth for forcibly expanding the cylindrical member radially outwardly to a diameter greater than the diameter of the rotor.

Abstract: A method of removing labels utilizing an associated delabeling apparatus has a spaced pair of label removal stations for alternatively receiving inline objects from a supply conveyor. Each station includes a carrier carrying a set of spaced fluid jet cutters each at a cutting location for registration with a labeled object. An actuator is connected to the carriers for alternatively moving them from respective start to stop positions and return to traverse each cutter from a bottom to a top end of a registered label to cut it end to end. Each location has a fluid nozzle positioned to emit a stream of fluid against a label being removed and a friction finger element to assist in label removal.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a large, rectangular, multilayer ceramic capacitor formed of alternating ceramic and electrode layers. Capacitors so formed have a high dielectric constant, extremely low leakage current and an extremely low dissipation factor. Exemplary capacitors can be made with a lead magnesium niobate dielectric composition powder to which is added several organic constituents, including a surfactant and a plasticizer, plus small amounts of several dopants, such as lithium niobate, copper oxide, magnesium titanate, manganese niobate and zirconium oxide. That total mixture is ball milled to form a slip with very small grain size. The slip is cast as a thin tape on a Mylar backing, cut into a plurality of blanks, and alternating layers of the green tape ceramic and electrode layers are laminated on a polyvinyl alcohol coated foundation plate. Firing and sintering steps are followed by application of electrical terminations to complete the capacitor.