Abstract: A natural fiber chewing stick including a plurality of strips of treated natural fibers bonded together, said strips including flavor and other compositions added during processing. Typically, the individual strips used are of jute, but other natural fibers may be used.

Abstract: The use of pyrrolidine derivatives of general formula (I) for treating chronic alcoholism or conditions caused by alcohol abuse is described.

Abstract: The invention is a method of treating or inhibiting neutropenia, or accelerating neutrophil recovery in a mammal in need thereof, which comprises administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, optionally substituted benzoyl, ##STR2## or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are methylene groups which are taken together to form a 4-7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring;R is hydroxy, 4-morpholinyl, 1H-imidazol-1 -yl, --CH(alkoxy of 1-6 carbon atoms).sub.2, .alpha.-hydroxybenzyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl; R.sub.5 is hydrogen or alkyl; and n=1-3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Compositions useful to reduce cholesterol absorption. The compositions may be dosed in capsule or tablet form, or by adding either in liquid or dry powder form to foods and beverages. The compositions are an aqueous based homogeneous micellar mix which is dried to provide a mixture of finely-divided plant sterol, preferably sitostanol and lecithin. The mole ratio of the plant sterol, preferably sitostanol to lecithin, should be within the range of 1:1 to 1:10, preferably at least 1:2.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition in solid unit dosage form, comprising, a) a therapeutically effective amount of a piperidinoalkanol compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and, b) at least one inert ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method of lowering plasma levels of Lp(a) in animals by administering an effective Lp(a)-reducing amount of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor of the structural formula: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkenyl alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl, each of which is independently optionally substituted through available carbon atoms with 1, 2, or 3 groups selected from halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aryl, arylalkyl, alkylmercapto, arylmercapto, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl. By lowering Lp(a) levels, the animals are protected against developing premature atherosclerosis and consequent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating or inhibiting polycystic kidney disease in a mammal in need thereof which comprises administering to said mammal a compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein: X is phenyl which is optionally substituted;R and R.sub.1 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or trifluoromethyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl;Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, carboxy, carboalkoxy, phenyl, or carboalkyl; n=2-4;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that each R.sub.3 of Y may be the same or different.

Abstract: A composition useful to inhibit cholesterol absorption from the diet is provided. The composition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable combination of one or more oxysterols and a suitable carrier. The present oxysterol composition can be used therapeutically, prescribed to individuals who are required to reduce cholesterol intake. Alternatively, the composition can used as a dietary supplement by any individual desiring to moderate cholesterol intake.

Abstract: Methods for rapid detoxification of patients addicted to opioid narcotics are provided. The methods include administering nalmefene to induce acute withdrawal, and administering dextromethorphan with nalmefene or other opioid antagonists to reduce the patient's subjective feelings of residual withdrawal symptoms following detoxification. In one method of rapid detoxification, unconsciousness is induced by anesthetizing the patient with desflurane.

Abstract: The subject invention involves methods and compositions for reducing non-ultraviolet-induced free radical damage in mammals comprising administering to a mammal a composition comprising a safe and effective amount of a compound selected from 2,4-dienoic acid esters of tocopherols and mixtures of such compounds, optionally in combination with chelating agents and/or anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the treatment or prevention of substance use disorders using an orally active, long acting, CNS-penetrant NK-1 receptor antagonist and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such a NK-1 receptor antagonist.

Abstract: A method of controlling the serum solubility of orally administered torasemide is disclosed. A new crystallin modification of torasemide, called modification III which has significantly higher rates of solubilization than the known crystallin form of torasemide, modification I, is blended with amounts of modification I to produce a preselected level of torasemide in serum at a given time following administration. Compositions containing amounts of modification I and modification III, sufficient to achieve the desired serum levels of torasemide, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for treating inflammation or inflammatory disease in an animal or mammal, which comprises the steps of administering an effective amount of an pADPRT inhibitory compound to said animal or mammal.

Abstract: The combination of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), SDA-3 ethyl alcohol and cetyl lactate has produced a highly effective topical antimicrobial cleanser having immediate, persistant and residual bactericidal activity. The invention also relates to a low temperature manufacturing process for producing chlorhexidine salts in alcohol based formulations.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for decreasing the level of serum insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, and/or free and total testosterone, and/or improving ovulation, and/or increasing progesterone and/or sex hormone binding globulin in mammals. This invention also relates to compositions and methods for treating metabolic diseases characterized by hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, hyperlipidemia and/or anovulation, such as polycystic ovary syndrome.

Abstract: The symptoms of climacterium in male mammals, e.g., hypertension, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, are ameliorated by the administration to an afflicted individual one or both of a nitric oxide substrate and/or nitric acid donor, in combination with an androgen, an aromatase inhibitor or both, wherein the circulating levels of testosterone in the afflicted individual are increased.

Abstract: A method for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its related diseases in mammals, in which an NADPH oxidase inhibitor is administered, is provided. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor prevents the production of reactive oxygen species upon exposure of endothelial cells to atherogenic LDL levels, thus resulting in decreased endocytosis and vascular hyperpermeability. Preferred NADPH oxidase inhibitors are of the formula: ##STR1## Additionally, there is provided a diagnostic method for predicting risk of a human patient to atherosclerotic-related diseases.

Abstract: Methods utilizing descarboethoxyloratadine ("DCL"), for the treatment of allergic disorders, while avoiding the concomitant liability of adverse side-effects associated with other non-sedating antihistamines. Also included are methods for the treatment of allergic asthma using DCL and either a decongestant or a leukotriene inhibitor, while avoiding the concomitant liability of adverse side-effects associated with other non-sedating antihistamines. The invention also encompasses the administration of DCL in a nasal or oral spray.

Abstract: Topically applicable pharmaceutical/therapeutic alcoholic solution compositions, well suited for percutaneous/transdermal antithrombotic therapy, comprise an effective antithrombotic amount of acetylsalicylic acid ("ASA") or salt thereof, formulated into primary alcohol (e.g., isopropanol) and secondary ester (e.g., isopropyl myristate) solvents therefor, optionally in the presence of penetration enhancers and/or ASA hydrolysis inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention refers to the composition of substances to prevent and treat endothelial cell-mediated disorders with pathological differentiation of endothelial cells, for example, in response to insulin, lipids, lipoproteins or LA-paf. The invention refers to simple methods to test and use antagonists against LA-paf, paf and very high affinity receptors on endothelial cells which can also be cultured on soluble particles for screening procedures. According to the invention genes producing very high affinity receptors, for example, in response to growth factors such as insulin. These genes can be transferred from adherent endothelial cell lines to soluble cells using standard procedures. Antagonists against LA-paf, paf and very high affinity receptors are administered by preference to healthy persons having risk factors to protect against aging and metabolic, genetic, chronicle, idiopathic, inflammatory or degenerative disorders.