Abstract: An ozone generator with a high voltage electrode and at least one counter electrode which limit a gap in which at least one dielectric is arranged and which is flowed through by a gas flow in the direction of flow. The high voltage electrode and the at least one counter electrode are provided with a connection for an electrical power supply to generate silent discharges. A fabric is arranged in the gas flow. The fabric includes a material combination including at least one wire and at least one electrically non-conductive fiber.

Abstract: A nitric oxide generator generates nitric oxide from a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen such as air treated by a pulsating electrical discharge. The desired concentration of nitric oxide is obtained by controlling at least one of a frequency of the pulsating electrical discharge and duration of each electrical discharge pulse.

Abstract: The invention consists of an assembly of a light (e.g., UV, visible, IR) source, a reaction vial holder and a photochemistry device that allows for conducting arrays of photochemical reaction conditions at room temperature with magnetic stirring. The photochemistry assembly is compatible with multiple reaction vial size holder.

Abstract: In a circular cross section obtained by cutting a protector along a plane which is orthogonal to an axial direction and passes through gas introduction holes, the gas introduction holes are arranged asymmetrically in the circumferential direction of a circumferential wall of the protector. When the circular cross section is bisected into first and second divisional regions by a straight line which passes through the center of the circular cross section and does not pass through any gas introduction holes, the total opening area of gas introduction holes located in the first divisional region is smaller than the total opening area of gas introduction holes located in the second divisional region.

Abstract: An ozone generator includes a high-voltage electrode and at least one counter electrode, which define an interstice in which at least one dielectric is arranged and through which a gas flows in the flow direction. The high-voltage electrode and the at least one counter electrode are provided with a connection for an electrical voltage supply to generate silent discharges which are discharged from surface discharge locations. The mean sparking distance and the mean spacing between the high-voltage electrode and the at least one counter-electrode are constant. The number of surface discharge locations decreases in the flow direction.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge reactor for catalytic nonthermal plasma production of hydrogen from methane. The dielectric barrier discharge reactor includes two end pieces connected by a dielectric tube, two steam generators, two catalyst cages, two perforated tube center electrodes, a center electrode rod, a grounding electrode. In one aspect, the end pieces and the dielectric tube are fabricated from ceramic and fused quartz respectively. In another aspect, the dielectric barrier discharge reactor further includes catalyst cages. In yet another aspect, the catalyst cages contain catalysts in form of pellets. In an alternate aspect, the dielectric barrier discharge reactor acts to cause a reaction between incoming reactant gases. The reaction is achieved under a plasma which is generated between the perforated tubular center electrode and the ground electrode. In yet another alternate aspect, the dielectric barrier discharge reactor is used at home to generate hydrogen from methane.

Abstract: A system and method for performing plasma reactions creating a plasma area in a gas adjacent to a liquid. An embodiment of the plasma reactor includes a housing with an internal reaction chamber, first and second inlet paths to the reaction chamber, and electrodes for producing an electric field. The system may optionally further include a pre-ionization electrode and pre-ionization electric field for pre-ionizing a feed gas prior to entry into a reaction chamber. The reactor uses plasma to ionize gas adjacent with the liquid. The ionized gas reacts with the liquid to form an effluent. Exemplary uses of the plasma reactor include ionic injection, gas dissociation, liquid re-formation, and liquid dissociation.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for conversion of raw syngas and tars into refined syngas, while optionally minimizing the parasitic losses of the process and maximizing the usable energy density of the product syngas.

Abstract: An anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating apparatus includes a chassis and a container containing an anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. There is a means mounted on the chassis for applying plasma-based surface activation unto a stationary surface underneath the chassis. There is also a means mounted on the chassis for spraying the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid on the surface underneath the chassis. A third means mounted on the chassis for shining UV light onto the surface sprayed with the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. Optionally, there is a means mounted on the chassis for baking the surface sprayed with the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. The plasma-based surface activation may be replaced with the spraying of a non-photocatalytic prime coating. The equivalent anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating processes for coating stationary surface are also introduced.

Abstract: Six gas generator units each including a gas generator, one unit of multiple AC power supply section that supplies six high frequency AC voltages to the six gas generator units, one unit of gas control section that controls raw material gas and output gas in the six gas generator units, and one unit of control/operation section constituting section that performs an AC power control operation to allow six high frequency AC voltages having desired electric energy, independent from each other, to be supplied. The six gas generator units, one unit of multiple AC power supply section, one unit of gas control section, and one unit of control/operation section constituting section are integrally provided.

Abstract: An electrolytic ozone generator includes an anode with a longitudinal edge, a cathode with a longitudinal edge spaced apart from the cathode, and an isolator. The isolator electrically separates the cathode from the anode and is semi-impermeable. The anode and cathode are impermeable for generating ozone in a flow area fluidly coupling longitudinal edges of the anode and the cathode. Ozone water apparatus, methods of making electrolytic ozone generators, and methods of generating ozone using electrolytic ozone generators are also described.

Abstract: Ultraviolet radiation is directed within an area. Items located within the area and/or one or more conditions of the area are monitored over a period of time. Based on the monitoring, ultraviolet radiation sources are controlled by adjusting a direction, an intensity, a pattern, and/or a spectral power of the ultraviolet radiation generated by the ultraviolet radiation source. Adjustments to the ultraviolet radiation source(s) can correspond to one of a plurality of selectable operating configurations including a storage life preservation operating configuration, a disinfection operating configuration, and an ethylene decomposition operating configuration.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid treatment apparatus which includes a treatment tank which generates a gas phase in a swirling flow of liquid, by swirling an introduced liquid and which treats liquid by applying a pulse voltage to a generated gas phase to generate plasma, in which an insulator which is an insulating space forming member is disposed on a wall surface of one end of the treatment tank so as to prevent a swirling flow from being affected, faces the space connected via the through-hole of the insulator, and thus the first electrode is disposed.

Abstract: Electrokinetic devices and methods are described with the purpose of propelling a dielectric fluid medium, usually air, and optionally collecting assayable agents from the medium. Electrokinetic flow may be induced by the use of plasma generation at high voltage electrodes and consequent transport of charged particles in an electric voltage gradient. The generation of electrokinetic flow has the disadvantage that certain amounts of ozone may be formed in the process. Methods and devices are described herein where suitable catalysts can be combined with the electrokinetic device in such a way that ozone is effectively destroyed in the effluent flow without compromising the amount of flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for separating hydrocarbons from solid particles in a hydrocarbon-particulate-aqueous mixture. The apparatus comprises: a container for the mixture; a shockwave generator comprising two electrical terminals; and a pulsed power supply. The pulsed power supply is configured to apply a series of one or more voltage pulses to the terminals, such that, when each voltage pulse is applied to the terminals, a shockwave is applied to the mixture to promote separation of the components of the mixture. This may mitigate the need to heat the mixture and/or add chemicals to facilitate separation of hydrocarbons from solid particles such as sand or soil, mineral or carbonate particles.

Abstract: A method for producing ozone at elevated pressure with a capacity of at least 1 kg ozone/hour by an ozone generator having a high voltage electrode and a counter electrode. The electrodes delimit a gap in which a dielectric is arranged and through which a gas containing oxygen and having a gas pressure of pgas flows. The high voltage electrode and the counter electrode with a connection for an electric power supply to generate discharges are provided in at least one discharge gap. The power supply provides a voltage in a range from 1 kV to 50 kV and wherein stroke widths di of the discharge are distributed between a minimum stroke width dmin and a maximum stroke width dmax. The gas pressure pgas of the gas containing oxygen at the outlet of the ozone generator is at least 3 bar.

Abstract: Disclosed are a water treatment apparatus using underwater plasma discharge and a water treatment system using the same. The apparatus includes a reactor having an inlet through which raw water flows in and an outlet through which purified water flows out, a ground electrode provided at a first side of the reactor, and a plasma electrode module provided at a second side of the reactor and configured to generate plasma. With plasma generated through underwater discharge, it is possible to decompose or remove organic substances and microorganisms present in raw water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing CNTs by an electric arc discharge method. The synthesis gas for the arc discharge includes nitrogen and oxygen gases. The oxygen gas in the synthesis gas is converted to reactive oxygen species by the arc discharge and chemically reacts with amorphous carbon. Accordingly, the formation of amorphous carbon is suppressed when CNTs are formed on the cathode, and thus, high crystallinity of CNTs can be secured.

Abstract: Damascene templates have two-dimensionally patterned raised metal features disposed on an underlying conductive layer extending across a substrate. The templates are topographically flat overall, and the patterned conductive features establish micron-scale and nanometer-scale patterns for the assembly of nanoelements into nanoscale circuits and sensors. The templates are made using microfabrication techniques together with chemical mechanical polishing. These templates are compatible with various directed assembly techniques, including electrophoresis, and offer essentially 100% efficient assembly and transfer of nanoelements in a continuous operation cycle. The templates can be repeatedly used for transfer of patterned nanoelements thousands of times with minimal or no damage, and the transfer process involves no intermediate processes between cycles. The assembly and transfer processes employed are carried out at room temperature and pressure and are thus amenable to low cost, high-rate device production.

Abstract: A dielectric assembly for generating ozone includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a dielectric for generating the ozone, and a knob adapted to extend outside of a housing into which the dielectric assembly is to be placed. A system is also provided for sanitizing and deodorizing water, food, surfaces and air including a microbiological reduction filter device having an input connected to a water supply, a venturi injector disposed within a housing and connected to an output of the microbiological reduction filter device which generates ozone and mixes the generated ozone with the water, and an electrode assembly comprising a plurality of electrodes, a dielectric for generating the ozone, and a knob extending outside of the housing. The dielectric in a first embodiment and the entire dielectric assembly in a second embodiment can be removed from the housing and replaced in its entirety by the knob.