Abstract: A relatively simple, inexpensive, effective circuit for detecting overdriving of a radio frequency amplifier by an amplitude modulated signal. The input and output signals of the amplifier are coupled to peak detectors. A light emitting diode which provides a visual indication of the overdrive condition is coupled between the peak detectors.

Abstract: A mercury vapor electric discharge lamp is supplied with AC electric power, which is variable over a wide range, to control the lamp output power in the form of the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation emitted over a correspondingly wide range of from approximately 5% to 100% or better of rated output power without lamp extinction. An AC phase modulation control circuit controls the AC electric power supplied to the lamp such that applied voltage remains relatively constant while the current is controllably varied determined by the phase angle of conduction in the control circuit. Control of the AC phase modulation control circuit is effected in response to the actual output power of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the lamp, the speed of a printing press or conveyor line with which the lamp may be used to cure ultraviolet sensitive inks, paints, plastics and the like on some form of substrate.

Abstract: An amplification and gain control circuit is disclosed in which there is provided in the output circuit of an amplification circuit receiving a gain control input, a semiconductor junction capacitance whose capacity is increased when the amplification circuit receives a gain control input causing gain to be reduced, whereby attenuation of the amplification circuit is assisted and the gain control sensitivity is improved, and which also acts to protect subsequent stages from variations of the direct current value which may occur due to the variation of gain by the amplification circuit.

Abstract: A gas analyzer has an output amplifier circuit which is drift compensated in that zero volts are established across a gain network for a particular low point measuring signal as the amplifier provides an output on the basis of a particular bias, while the gain network is adjusted so that the amplifier output equals a second reference signal. The drift compensation is automated in that the bias and the reference are used to drive adjusting devices while the gas analyzer receives particular reference gases.

Abstract: This disclosure depicts and describes a unitized, in-line electron gun for television cathode ray tubes having a bead-type structure for mechanically supporting, spacing, and aligning gun components. This disclosure is particularly directed to an improved structure which promotes a greater stability of electrode support with a reduced tendency toward bead fracture.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for the ungrounded transmission of signals through testing points in communication systems with the aid of high-frequency oscillations. The high-frequency oscillations are controlled on the one side of the testing point and are rectified on the other side of the testing point. The rectified signals are utilized to reproduce the signals again. A resonant circuit is adjusted to the high-frequency oscillations and is galvanically separately coupled to a high-frequency generator. The resonant circuit is also connected to a modulation circuit and to the input of the testing point. The resonant circuit is coupled inductively to a demodulation circuit which forms the output of the testing point.

Abstract: A transistor amplifier comprised of a class-A amplifier connected in cascade with a push-pull amplifier. The class-A amplifier includes first and second field effect transistors having triode-type dynamic characteristics with their respective gate electrodes connected to receive an input signal and their source and drain electrodes connected in series across opposite power supply terminals. The push-pull amplifier includes third and fourth field effect transistors having triode-type dynamic characteristics with their respective gate electrodes connected to the first and second field effect transistors and their source and drain electrodes connected in series across the opposite power supply terminals.

Abstract: A bias circuit particularly adapted for use with a field effect transistor whereby the drain bias current of the field effect transistor is maintained constant in the event of fluctuations in the operating voltage applied to the field effect transistor by a power supply. The bias circuit changes the gate bias voltage applied to the FET as a function of the fluctuations in the operating voltage to thereby restore the drain bias current to a constant value. A variable impedance is included in the bias circuit, the variable impedance being voltage dependent such that its impedance varies as the voltage applied thereto varies in accordance with a hyperbolic relation. The voltage applied to the variable impedance is derived from, and thus includes the fluctuations in, the operating voltage. The hyperbolic relation between the impedance and the voltage applied to the variable impedance effectively matches the relation between the pinch-off voltage V.sub.P and the amplification constant .mu. of the FET.

Abstract: The amplifier configuration includes a double-to-single ended converter having two interconnected portions, each having three signal paths. Two of the signal paths include transistors of a first conductivity type having main electrodes coupled between one of the output terminals of a differential amplifier and a power supply conductor. The other path includes a transistor of the second conductivity type having a control electrode coupled to one of the differential amplifier output terminals and main electrodes coupled between power supply conductors. Identical current sources drive corresponding transistors of each portion. The transistors of the second conductivity type enable quiescent voltages of only one base-to-emitter voltage drop to be developed at each of the output terminals of a differential amplifier to facilitate balance and maximization of the dynamic signal range.

Abstract: An operational amplifier is provided with two current outputs instead of the usual one voltage output. The amplifier has two current inputs, ideally zero input impedance and ideally infinite current gain and output impedance.

Abstract: Feedback amplifiers having zero or infinite input and output impedances are used as the main amplifier and error amplifier elements of a feed-forward amplifier system. This allows the required impedance matching with simple resistive coupling networks rather than the complicated couplers heretofore required.The use of both series and shunt feedback provides convenient coupling points for the proper phase relationship between combining signals, and the unidirectional conductivity of the amplifier transistors supplies the directionality usually required of the couplers.

Abstract: A novel microwave power divider is disclosed that is a combination of an ort junction circulator and a novel isolator-mismatch device for each circulator port other than one input port and divides microwave signal power incident to the input port into any desired ratio among the output ports and isolates all the ports from microwave power reflected back toward the divider after being propagated through the divider and thus prevents interaction among line devices, e.g. amplifier units, that are fed by the output ports. Also a novel microwave power combiner is disclosed that is a combination of an N-port junction circulator and a novel isolator-reflector device for each port other than one output port to combine at the one output port identical microwave signals or microwave signals that differ in frequency or phase incident to the isolator-reflector devices. The microwave power combiner, like the microwave power divider, provides isolation among the signal transmission lines.

Abstract: A push-pull B-stage in IC is arranged with an additional transistor in such a manner that one transistor in the IC and the additional transistor together constitute a new push-pull amplifier while the transistor in the IC is loaded to a higher extent and the other final stage transistor in the IC only serves as a driver for the additional transistor.

Abstract: A pair of complementary output transistors having common connected emitters and a primary winding of a transformer in each of the collector circuits, said transistors being biased in class AB operation with a drive transistor connected to the base thereof and a feedback circuit, including both AC and DC, connected from the common emitters to the input of the drive transistor so that the quiescent current of the amplifier is very low and the output impedance is high.

Abstract: An amplifier includes a differential amplifier and a first collector follower amplifier connected to the output terminal of the differential amplifier. A second collector follower amplifier is provided, the input terminal of which is connected to the common impedance of the differential amplifier to receive one part of the voltage thereacross, and the output terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the first collector follower amplifier so as to reduce the common mode gain of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: The device comprises an electroluminescent layer and means for exciting the electroluminescent layer to luminescence with an electric field. The electroluminescent layer comprises a cathodoluminescent phosphor normally having a bulk resistivity greater than 10.sup.11 ohm-centimeters containing a sufficient quantity of indium oxide and/or tin oxide therein to produce a bulk resistivity of less than 10.sup.10 ohm-centimeters in the electroluminescent layer. The preferred electroluminescent layers are red emitting solid solutions of yttrium oxide, europium oxide, and indium oxide which are prepared by radio frequency sputtering.

Abstract: A stabilizing circuit which increases the effective value of a capacitor and the structure of a monolithic capacitor are disclosed. The stabilizing circuit includes a transistor having a base electrode connected to the capacitor and an emitter electrode connected to a point at which it is desired to provide an increased effective capacitance. The capacitor structure is suitable for being included in monolithic integrated circuits having diffused isolation regions. A first plate of the capacitor is formed by a metallization layer, the second plate of the capacitor may be formed by an emitter diffusion into the isolation diffusion. A base diffusion which is conductively connected to the emitter diffusion and to the isolation diffusion facilitates connection of the second plate of the capacitor to the substrate.

Abstract: An audio amplifier is described designed for integrated circuit fabrication and having controlled idling current. The amplifier includes a pre-amplifier designed to be driven from an AM or FM detector or a high impedance ceramic cartridge. The powder amplifier has a pair of like conductivity type output transistors connected in push-pull and driven by a novel interstage driver whose circuit configuration and component parameters are selected to reduce the idling current to a small predictable value. Measures are further provided, including two feedback paths, for insuring stability, minimizing distortion and hum. The amplifier is executed in an integrated circuit format with a minimum of outboarded components and a minimum "pad" requirement.

Abstract: A microwave-integrated-circuit amplifier provides a broadband response in e region of 1-10 GHz. The amplifier includes: a microstrip which provides distributed circuit values for tuning; first and second microwave FETs included in the microstrip and tuned to the upper and lower cutoffs of the bandwidth, respectively; and a non-reciprocal microwave isolator which passes a signal in only one direction and is connected between the first and second microwave FETs.

Abstract: An image intensifier tube device including a plurality of diode image intensifier tubes. Each tube comprises a sealed cylindrical envelope having its one end closed by an entry window carrying a photo-sensitive, electron emitting layer enclosed by a good electrically conductive rim. A resistive layer is deposited by vaporization between the circumference of the electron emitting layer and the good electrically conductive rim, which resistive layer is connected to a terminal of a voltage source having its other terminal connected to an anode and to focussing means of the tube such that in response to a sudden increase in the brightness of the image to be intensified a voltage drop is produced across the resistive layer, as a result of which the emitted electrons are de-focussed and/or deflected.