Abstract: A process for producing high tenacity and high modulus polyethylene fiber gel spinning. Cycloalkane and cycloalkene are selected as solvents for dissolving ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and a volatile solvent such as cyclohexanone or a mixture thereof is selected as an extracting solvent. The present process allows the extracted fibers to be stretched directly after the spinning step without requiring an intermediate winding step. The resulting fibers from the present invention have a tenacity greater than 15 g/d, a modulus greater than 350 g/d, an elongation at break less than 10%, and a crystallinity greater than 60%.

Abstract: A process for producing spin-oriented filaments at a draw-off speed of more than 2400 m/min, whereby the filaments extruded from a spinneret are solidified in a cooling shaft solely by the ambient air entrained by the suction effect of the filaments and the cooling shaft having a zone where the walls are air permeable directly beneath the spinneret and has a following zone where the peripheral walls are completely closed.

Abstract: Drinks cans are provided with a gas reservoir containing a gas to bubble into beer to initiate the production of further bubbles from gas dissolved in the beer, when the can top (4) is opened by pulling the ring-pull device (5). In the construction of FIG. 1, a plastics cap (8) is a tight snap fit on an annular rib (9) formed on the can base (3), the cap (8) being provided with a fine hole (10) through which nitrogen bubbles on opening of the can. In the construction of FIGS. 2 and 3, an unapertured blow-off cap (8) is fitted on an annular rib (15) formed on a partition wall (12) of the can, the cap normally covering fine holes (13) in the partition wall, air under super-atmospheric pressure in gas reservoir (13) bubbling into beer in the main chamber (6) when the cap blows off the rib (15) on opening of the can top.

Abstract: In the preparation of poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) filaments, hydrogen chloride is removed from as-produced amide solution of poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) by contact with basic ion exchange resin.

Abstract: A method of producing carbon fiber includes the steps of providing a solution of a coal-derived material in a solvent, typically dimethylformamide, adding polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of at least 3.times.10.sup.6 daltons to the solution to provide a spinning solution, spinning the spinning solution into a fiber and causing the fiber to gel, typically by contacting it with a gelling solvent. The coal-derived material will have a composition, free of solvent, of 70 to 91 percent by mass of carbon, 2 to 6 percent by mass of hydrogen and 3 to 20 percent by mass of oxygen.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gasket having an improved elastomeric sealing bead. The method includes the steps of providing an embossment in a gasket body and filling the cavity of the embossment with an elastomer. The gasket is then positioned in a press and the embossment is squeezed to displace the elastomer into a sealing bead which projects from the flattened recess and beyond the major surface of the gasket body. The gasket is then removed from the press prior to use and installation in its intended environment.

Abstract: A sealed beverage package has a bottle 1, a neck 4 of which provides a narrow mouth 5. A hollow insert 7 is submerged in beverage 13 in the bottle. A headspace 14 in the bottle is at a pressure greater than atmospheric and when the package is opened to de-pressurise the headspace 14, gas and/or liquid under pressure in the insert 7 is ejected through an aperture 8 into the beverage to cause a head of froth to develop on the beverage 13. The insert 7 is retained in position by an open framework 9 of struts 10 which extend between the insert and a retaining ring 11 that frictionally engages in a bore 6 adjacent to the mouth 5 of the bottle. The insert 7 can be attached to the framework 9 or formed integral therewith.

Abstract: A disposable paper pouch enclosing a small supply of cream or other flowable food product, the pouch being both biodegradable and recyclable. The pouch is made up of two superposed paper plies which are rendered liquid impervious by water-based acrylic layers coated on the inner and outer faces of the plies, the acrylic inner layer having a low melting temperature and the acrylic outer layer having a high melting temperature. The superposed plies are subjected to heat and pressure by standard sealing bars that have no effect on the outer layers but cause the inner layers which face each other to fuse together in a predetermined sealing pattern to define an inner pocket that is fillable with the cream and a spout leading from the pocket to an outlet adjacent one end of the pouch. The outlet is normally blocked, but when the pouch is to be put to use, it is torn along a line intersecting the outlet to open the outlet whereby the cream may then be expelled therefrom by squeezing the pouch.

Abstract: A laminar article with good barrier properties to oxygenated and hydrocarbon compounds is prepared by blending a polyolefin with about 2 to 39% of a melt blend of a nylon and a polyvinyl alcohol component, using an alkylcarboxyl-substituted polyolefin as a compatibilizer.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus and process for the continuous fabrication of resin impregnated material webs in which low-solvent resin is extruded to form a film which is joined with the material web to form a layer formation, or the resin is spread on the material web. The layer formation is subsequently subjected to an area pressure. The apparatus including an extruder or a spreading device, and a continuously operating double band press exerting an area pressure.

Abstract: A process for making a PPD-T fiber having an elongation to break of greater than 7%.

Abstract: A heat-sealable oriented film or layer of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer. The film has a thin, heat-sealable layer of the same thermoplastic polymer having a different heat-seal temperature, which layer is heat-sealable without requiring fusion of the entire film. There is also provided a method for producing the claimed heat-sealable film.

Abstract: A meat product package including an enclosing film having an EVA-containing inside surface and an in situ aqueous medium-cooked meat product in adhering relation to the film inside surface as the meat contacting and adhering surface. Starch particles are preferably dispersed across the meat contacting surface which has been both irradiated and subjected to corona treatment. A method for corona treating a thermoplastic tube inside surface in which small particles within the flat tube separate opposite surfaces providing voids, and the electric discharge crosses the flat tube through the voids.

Abstract: Microwavable french fries are prepared by with at least one step in which potato strips are treated in a hot water solution containing starch to form a starch layer in the top surface layer of the potato strips, and by subsequent frying and freezing. A box for cooking the microwave french fries includes top, bottom and side panels that have at least one susceptor board substantially covering them. Prepared potato strips are oriented in the box during packing to be parallel and the box opened and the strips spread across the top, bottom and side panels for exposure to microwave radiation. Indicia on the box instruct the method of microwave cooking.

Abstract: A refrigerator has a multi-purpose chamber in which foods can be selectively cooled or thawed. Thawing is performed by actuating a heater at the top of the chamber. The heat is circulated within the chamber by a flow of cooled air received through an orifice at the rear of the chamber. If the temperature within the chamber reaches a predetermined temperature after a minimum time period has elapsed, then the heater is deactivated. If the predetermined temperature has not been reached, then the heater remains activated until a maximum time period elapses, whereupon the heater is deactivated regardless of the sensed temperature. After the heater is deactivated, cooled air is continued to be supplied to the chamber for a preselected time period.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a monolithic polybenzbisazole article including the steps of:(a) dissolving at least one benzbisazole polymer in a strong acid at an elevated temperature;(b) transferring the resulting solution to a mold;(c) cooling the solution in the mold to a temperature below the gelation temperature of the acid-polymer mixture, thus providing a polymer-acid gel;(d) ageing the gel for about 0.25 to 10 days;(e) replacing the acid in the gel with water;(f) replacing the water in the gel with a lower aliphatic alcohol; and(g) densifying the gel.

Abstract: A container apparatus for use in filling, storing, shipping and cooking various types of food wherein the container apparatus facilitates and maintains the positioning of the food in a substantially restricted predetermined location within the apparatus. The container apparatus includes a bag having a front and back panel, a first and second gusseted side panel and an interior region. Bag panel attachment elements are positioned between a portion of the back panel means and an adjacent portion of the gusseted side panels preliminarily to filling, so as to maintain the back flaps of the gusseted side panels against the back panel during such filling, as well as during storing, shipping and cooking of the food. The bag panel attachment elements further serve to operably segregate and maintain the food in a predetermined portion of the interior region so that the food does not inadvertently migrate between the gussets and the back panel during filling.

Abstract: A composite barrier laminate for a carton for citrus juices that extends the shelf life of the citrus juice by inhibiting the proliferation of microbial growth therein. The composite barrier laminate has a plurality of layers with one layer being a thin barrier skin coat in contact with the juice, The skin coat is impervious to the antimicrobial agent D-limonene and is effective to prevent the migration of the D-limonene found in the citrus juice. A method for extending the shelf life of a citrus juice stored in a paperboard carton for preventing the D-limonene present in the citrus juice stored in a carton from migrating into the carton structure by making the innermost layer of the carton impervious to D-limonene is disclosed as is a method for preserving the antimicrobial properties present in a citrus juice that is stored in a paperboard carton formed from a laminate by preventing migration of D-limonene from the citrus juice into the laminate by making the innermost layer impervious to D-limonene.

Abstract: A system for handling of cheese in the green state particularly directed for handling natural cheese types such as cheddar and colby in a manner so that they can be conveniently sub-divided and individually packaged, on the same day of manufacturing, into a variety of finished consumer and cheese market sized portions. The system includes the handling of green cheese immediately as it is formed through the processes of batch or continuous cheese making equipment and cheese towers to provide, preferably, 40 to 45 or other selected pound blocks of green cheese. The cheese blocks are immediately handled after forming to eliminate the normally utilized bulk block aging or curing systems. The green cheese blocks are selectively handled and may be placed into temporary bulk block pouches and packaged for future handling or are directed to trimming and cutting devices which will trim and cut the blocks into the consumer, market size units.

Abstract: The method for producing dimensionally stable, low-shrinkage, chemically modified industrial polyester yarns by melt spinning at speeds of 1000 to 4000 m/min. utilizes a copolymer containing at least 85 percent by weight polyethylene terephthalate units and comonomers. During polyester production to lower the thermal shrinkage one or more conformationally fixed linear difunctional comonomers are added to the polymer melt. These difunctional comonomers have the general formula, X'--R--X, where R is an unsaturated linear alkyl group having from three to ten carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl or aromatic group with 6 or more carbon atoms, and X and X' are, independently, OR' or COOR", and R'=H or an alkyl group and, independently, R" is also H or an alkyl group.