Abstract: An optical system includes a first lens unit that has positive refractive power, a second lens unit that moves during focusing and that has positive refractive power or negative refractive power, and a third lens unit that has positive refractive power or negative refractive power. The first lens unit, the second lens unit, and the third lens unit are disposed in that order from an object side to an image side. During focusing, an interval between adjacent lens units changes. In the optical system, a focal length f of the entire optical system, a distance LD along an optical axis from a lens surface of the first lens unit that is closest to the object side to an image plane, and focal lengths of positive and negative lenses that are included in the first lens unit are appropriately set.

Abstract: In a linear driving apparatus including a vibration wave motor, a driving target body movable in a moving direction, a transmission member which is held by the driving target body and abuts against an abutment part of a moving member to synchronously move the vibration wave motor and the driving target body, and a biasing member which gives a biasing force between the transmission member and the abutment part, the direction of a pressure contact force which a vibrator receives from a friction member and the direction of a biasing contact force which the abutment part receives from the biasing member are parallel and opposite to each other, and the load center of the distribution load of the biasing contact force falls within the range of the vibrator.

Abstract: An electrochromic device can include a substrate, a transparent conductive oxide layer over the substrate, and a bus bar over the substrate. The bus bar can include silver and has a resistivity of at most 6.7×10?6 ?*cm, an average adhesion strength to SiO2 of at least 3N based on 20 measurements, as determined by Method A of ASTM B905-00 (Reapproved 2010), or a classification of at least 4, as determined by Method B of ASTM B905-00 (Reapproved 2010). In another aspect a process of forming an electrochromic device can include forming a transparent conductive oxide layer over a substrate; forming a bus bar precursor over the substrate, wherein the precursor includes silver; and firing the precursor to form a bus bar. Firing can be performed such that the first bus bar is at a temperature of at least 390° C.

Abstract: A rearview mirror assembly includes a housing, a bezel and an electro-optic mirror element. The electro-optic mirror element includes a first substantially transparent substrate having an edge extending around at least a portion of a perimeter of the first substantially transparent substrate and a second substrate having a second edge extending around at least a portion of a perimeter of the second substrate and a fourth surface. The first substantially transparent substrate and the second substrate define a cavity therebetween. An electro-optic material is disposed within the cavity. The edge of the first substantially transparent substrate and the second edge of the second substrate are coupled to at least one of the bezel and the housing.

Abstract: A lens unit according to an embodiment includes: lens members in each of which lenses are linearly arrayed in a longitudinal direction; at least one light block member between the lens members; engagement sections arranged in the longitudinal direction, each of the engagement sections configured to mutually engage members including the lens members and the light block member and stacked with each other; and clamp members disposed in positions corresponding to at least one of the engagement sections in the longitudinal direction and configured to clamp the stacked members. All the stacked members are fixed with each other at only one portion in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A display panel, a display method thereof and a display device are disclosed. The display panel includes an electrochromic layer (101) and an electrolyte layer (102) arranged in a stacked manner, and at least one kind of colored charged particles (103) being provided in the electrolyte layer (102). While the electrochromic layer (102) is transparent, the display panel displays color of the colored charged particles (103). The display panel may further display the color of the colored charged particles, which increases diversity of the colors displayed by the display panel.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display substrate and a driving method thereof, and a display device. The display substrate includes a plurality of pixels, a data signal chip and a control unit. Each of the pixels includes a white sub-pixel; the data signal chip is for transmitting a set of data signals to the pixels, the set of data signals including data signals transmitted to the white sub-pixel; and the control unit controls the white sub-pixel to be in a dark state when the data signal chip transmits a predetermined set of data signals to the pixels. When the data signal chip transmits the predetermined set of data signals to the pixels, the display substrate controls the white sub-pixel to be in a dark state.

Abstract: A secure lens sheet or layer suitable for use in a micro-optic system, which is made up of a plurality of joined fine lens arrays (e.g., joined fine lenticular and/or joined fine non-cylindrical lens arrays), is provided. Each array has a lens pitch different from adjacent or contiguous arrays and/or is orientated in a direction different from adjacent or contiguous arrays. A micro-optic security device, which utilizes the inventive secure lens sheet and one or more overlying or underlying arrangements of micro-sized image icons (e.g., line data), is also provided. The image icon arrangement(s) and the secure lens layer are configured such that one or more synthetic images are projected by the security device. These projected images may show a number of different optical effects.

Abstract: A method of making a mirror substrate for a vehicular mirror assembly includes providing a glass substrate and fixturing the glass substrate at a fixture to support the glass substrate. A rotatable grinding wheel is presented to the front perimeter portion of the glass substrate and the front perimeter portion of the glass substrate is ground to establish a ground rounded surface about and around the periphery of the glass substrate. After grinding the front perimeter portion of the glass substrate to establish the ground rounded surface, a rotatable polishing wheel is presented to the ground rounded surface and the ground rounded surface is polished to establish a polished rounded surface about and around the periphery of the glass substrate. The polished rounded surface provides a smooth transition between the front surface of the glass substrate and a rear portion of the circumferential perimeter edge of the glass substrate.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a light source device including a light source unit; a scanning optical system including an image forming unit on which an intermediate image is formed by light from the light source unit; and a virtual image optical system configured to guide light of the intermediate image by using a reflecting mirror and a curved transmissive reflection member. The scanning optical system includes an optical scanning unit configured to scan the light from the light source unit in a main scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction of the image forming unit. The image forming unit is a transmissive member curved with a convex surface toward the reflecting mirror.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a short-range optical amplification module, which includes, sequentially from the image side to the object side, a reflective polarizing plate, a first phase delay plate, a third lens and a second phase delay plate, wherein the short-range optical amplification module further includes a first lens and/or a second lens that are/is located on either side of any one of the reflective polarizing plate, the first phase delay plate, the third lens and the second phase delay plate. In the third lens, the optical surface adjacent to the second phase delay plate is a transflective optical surface; the reflection surface-containing focal length f3 of the third lens meets the following condition: 1F?f3?2F, wherein F is the focal length of the short-range optical amplification module.

Abstract: A modular routing node includes a single input port and a plurality of output ports. The modular routing node is arranged to produce a plurality of different deflections and uses small adjustments to compensate for wavelength differences and alignment tolerances in an optical system. An optical device is arranged to receive a multiplex of many optical signals at different wavelengths, to separate the optical signals into at least two groups, and to process at least one of the groups adaptively.

Abstract: The light-concentration density or laser power of a combined laser beam bundle, obtained by combining individual laser beams that are caused to oscillate by and are output from a plurality of single-emitter LDs, is increased efficiently, with high quality. On a bottom plate or a unit base 22 of the laser unit 10, there are disposed: a pair of stacked laser beam creation units 24L, 24R which are arranged with left-right symmetry with respect to a center line N; a single wavelength stabilizing element (VBG) 26 of which an incidence plane vertically intersects the center line N; a pair of primary anamorphic prisms 28L, 28R which are arranged separately on the right and left of the center line N; a mirror-type beam rotation element 30 disposed on the center line N; and a secondary anamorphic prism 32 disposed offset from the beam rotation element 30 in a direction (X-direction) perpendicular to the center line N.

Abstract: An electrochromic system and method for controlling photochromic darkening of an electrochromic device, the system including an EC device, a control unit, a voltage detector, and a power supply. The EC device includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a solid-state polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween. The control unit is configured to control a sweep voltage applied between the working and counter electrodes, such that the sweep voltage is applied when an open circuit voltage (OCV) between the working and counter electrodes is less than a threshold voltage.

Abstract: A deep-viewing coaxial illuminator accessory that may be easily reversibly attached to commercial high-brightness, focusable-beam flashlights to provide shadow-free viewing of subject matter up to 20 ft or more away is disclosed. A miniature companion telescopic magnifier for optional use with the coaxial illuminator that provides erect-image magnified viewing and may be easily reversibly attached to the illuminator is described.

Abstract: An Acoustic-Optic A/O device receives light from a source and deflecting the light onto the second A/O device which may be a multi-stacked set of individual A/O devices. The first and second devices may deflected light according to control signals. Also, a multi-modulator projector display system including a light source, controller, an A/O modulator illuminated by the light source and capable of deflecting light according to controller signals, a second modulator illuminated by light from said A/O modulator and capable of modulating the A/O modulated light, said second modulator comprising a plurality of mirrors, and said second modulator capable of modulating the light according to controller signals.

Abstract: An electro-optic assembly including a first and second substrate and a layer of electro-optic material disposed between the substrates. Each substrate includes a two-phase, light-transmissive, electrically-conductive layer comprising a first phase made of a highly electronically-conductive matrix and a second phase made of a polymeric material composition having a controlled volume resistivity.

Abstract: An electrochromic element, includes: a pair of electrodes (3, 5); and an electrochromic layer (7) disposed between the pair of electrodes (3, 5), the electrochromic element being controlled in transmittance by pulse width modulation, in which: the electrochromic layer (7) contains at least one of two or more kinds of anode electrochromic materials, or two or more kinds of cathode electrochromic materials; and all of one of the anode electrochromic materials and the cathode electrochromic materials have an equal molecular length, or have a molecular length ratio of (large molecular length)/(small molecular length) of 1.4 or less, the electrochromic element being such that even when a driving environment temperature changes, its gradation can be controlled under a state in which its absorption spectrum is retained.

Abstract: An optical device includes a housing part that includes an open window disposed inside the housing part, an optical element into which light enters via the window, and a window glass plate that blocks the window. The window glass plate includes a light-transmissive base material and a metal coating film provided on an outer peripheral part of the light-transmissive base material. The window glass plate is fixed to the housing part with a solder layer provided between the metal coating film and the housing part. The housing part includes an edge part located toward the window, and the edge part includes an overhanging part that protrudes further than an inner peripheral-side edge part of the metal coating film in a direction toward a center part of the window.

Abstract: A window control system is provided that includes a plurality of electro-optic windows each having a variable transmittance level, a portable control unit for generating wireless control signals for controlling the transmittance level of the electro-optic windows, and a plurality of window control circuits each coupled to a respective one of the electro-optic windows and each having a transceiver for receiving the wireless control signals from the portable control unit. Each window control circuit is configured to adjust the transmittance level of the respective one of the electro-optic windows in response to a wireless control signal received by the transceiver from the portable control unit.