Abstract: A system and method for stimulating a nerve, wherein the system includes a first waveform generator adapted to generate a first waveform having a frequency capable of stimulating a predetermined nerve of the mammal, a second waveform generator adapted to generate a carrier waveform having a frequency capable of passing through tissue of the mammal, a modulation device electrically coupled to the first and second waveform generators and adapted to modulate the first and carrier waveforms to create a modulated waveform, and an electrode electrically coupled to the modulation device and positioned substantially adjacent to skin of the mammal, and adapted to apply the modulated waveform thereto.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of a pulsatile heart assist device (14) in a patient (10). The method consisting of utilizing sounds produced by the heart (12) to control the operation of the heart assist device (14).

Abstract: A high Q self-resonant inductor and method for manufacturing the same is disclosed herein for use in an implantable medical lead. The method of manufacture includes depositing a first conductive material over an elongated ceramic member and removing portions of the conductive material to leave a continuous helical metallic pattern on an elongated ceramic structure. The helical metallic pattern has a first terminal end located at a proximal end of the elongated ceramic member and a second terminal end located at a distal end of the ceramic member. The method also includes covering the helical metallic pattern with a ceramic material to form a first ceramic layer and forming vias in the ceramic material. At least one electrode is coupled to the helical metallic pattern through the vias in the ceramic material.

Abstract: A system of an autonomous intracardiac capsule and its implantation accessory. The autonomous capsule (10) includes a tubular body (12) with an anchoring screw (14) for penetrating the wall of a cavity of the heart, and at least one coupling finger (20, 22) radially projecting outwards. The implantation accessory (26) includes a lead body (28) with a sheath (30, 32) of deformable material supporting on the distal side a helical guide (36, 52), for guiding and driving by rotation the capsule. This helical guide is integral with the lead body, and its inner diameter is homologous to the outer diameter of the cylindrical body of the capsule so the latter can be housed it in, the coupling fingers protruding between the coils of the guide. The helix direction of the helical guide (36) is opposite to that of the anchoring screw (14). The helical guide is resiliently compressible in axial direction, and its helix pitch (38) is increased in the free distal end portion (40).

Abstract: A gene regulatory system detects ischemia events and is capable of delivering a biologic therapy in response to the detection of an ischemic event or the reception of a command. The biologic therapy protects the heart from ischemic damage by regulating the expression of an exogenously introduced gene product. In one embodiment, the gene regulatory system includes an implantable system that emits at least one gene regulatory signal in response to the detection of the ischemic event or the reception of the command. The gene regulatory signal directly or indirectly regulates gene expression of the gene product.

Abstract: An implantable device includes an implantable housing having an outer surface and providing a hermetically sealed interior volume. A flexible electric lead is mechanically connected to the housing and electrically connected to circuitry within the interior volume. An impact protector overlies at least a portion of the outer surface of the housing and shields the underlying housing surface from the force of a mechanical impact. At least a portion of the impact protector may include an electrode electrically connected to the circuitry within the interior volume.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining pacing timing intervals based on the temporal relationship between the timing of local and non-local cardiac signal features are described. A device includes a plurality of implantable electrodes electrically coupled to the heart and configured to sense local and non-local cardiac signals. Sense circuitry coupled to first and second electrode pairs senses a local cardiac signal via a first electrode pair and a non-local cardiac signal via a second electrode pair. Detection circuitry is used to detect a feature of the local signal associated with activation of a heart chamber and to detect a feature of the non-local signal associated with activation of the heart chamber. A control processor times delivery of one or more pacing pulses based on a temporal relationship between timing of the local signal feature and timing of the non-local signal feature.

Abstract: An improved anchoring mechanism for an implantable lead is discussed. The anchoring mechanism consists of a tine enclosed in a housing structure. Deployment and retraction of the tine is controlled by the rotation of a stylet releasable connected to the tine. The stylet is inserted through the lead and engages the tine at an interface between them. The stylet is rotated. This serves to rotate the tine to thereby secure the lead connected to an anchor housing from which the tine emerges to body tissue.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an implantable stimulation apparatus includes a vagal nerve stimulator configured to generate electrical pulses below a cardiac threshold of a heart, and an electrode coupled to the vagal nerve stimulator which is configured to transmit the electrical pulses below the cardiac threshold, to a vagal nerve so as to inhibit injury resulting from an ischemia and/or reduce injury resulting from an ischemia. In another embodiment, an implantable stimulation apparatus includes a vagal nerve stimulator configured to generate electrical pulses below a cardiac threshold, and includes an electrode, which is coupled to the vagal nerve stimulator and configured transmit electrical pulses to a vagal nerve so as to reduce a defibrillation threshold of the heart.

Abstract: Vector selection is automatically achieved via a thoracic or intracardiac impedance signal collected in a cardiac function management device or other implantable medical device that includes a test mode and a diagnostic mode. During a test mode, the device cycles through various electrode configurations for collecting thoracic impedance data. At least one figure of merit is calculated from the impedance data for each such electrode configuration. In one example, only non-arrhythmic beats are used for computing the figure of merit. A particular electrode configuration is automatically selected using the figure of merit. During a diagnostic mode, the device collects impedance data using the selected electrode configuration. In one example, the figure of merit includes a ratio of a cardiac stroke amplitude and a respiration amplitude. Other examples of the figure of merit are also described.

Abstract: A pacemaker comprises an implantable pacemaker housing and a pacemaker electrode provided to transmit stimulation impulses, and a detector for a current which can be induced by an external magnetic field and flowing through the pacemaker electrode. A circuit element is provided to interrupt this inducible current.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for detecting and distinguishing stroke and cardiac ischemia within a patient using an implantable medical device. In one example, a preliminary indication of stroke is detected by a pacemaker or similar implantable device based on an analysis of features of an intracardiac electrogram (IEGM) sensed by the device. Exemplary IEGM features indicative of possible stroke include the onset of prominent U-waves, the onset of notched T-waves, and changes in ST segment duration or QT duration. Upon detection of a possible stroke, the device then detects one or more hemodynamic parameters that are typically affected by cardiac ischemia. Such hemodynamic parameters can include, e.g., cardiac contractility or stroke volume. The device then distinguishes stroke and cardiac ischemia from one another based on whether any changes detected in the hemodynamic parameters are consistent with cardiac ischemia.

Abstract: Systems and methods treat urologic dysfunctions by implanting a lead and electrode in a tissue region affecting urologic function, and implanting a pulse generator in an anterior pelvic region remote from the electrode. Bilateral stimulation of the left and/or right branches of the dorsal genital nerves using a single lead implanted in adipose or other tissue in the region at or near the pubic symphysis is able to treat urinary incontinence.

Abstract: The various embodiments disclosed herein relate to medical electrical leads. More specifically, certain embodiments relate to leads having one or more drug-eluting components that are overmolded or otherwise positioned on the lead. Other embodiments relate to leads having one or more patterned surfaces, including some leads with one or more patterned surfaces over which one or more drug-eluting components are positioned. Further implementations relate to leads having one or more overmolded patterned surfaces, including some embodiments in which the overmolded surfaces contain at least one drug-eluting component.

Abstract: A telemetry system for data transmission between an implantable medical device and an external system includes a plurality of channels each representing a frequency band within a predetermined frequency range. The data transmission is performed using at least one active channel at any instant. Channel hopping is performed upon detecting an interruption of communication, such that a scan is performed through an array of channels selected from the plurality of channels. If a data frame is not successfully transmitted, it is repeatedly re-transmitted using the current and/or the next active channels until its transmission becomes successful.

Abstract: Assessing health condition of an animal under study includes receiving heart rate information of the animal under study and performing heart rate variability (HRV) analysis on the received heart rate information for determining autonomic dynamics of the animal under study with respect to a species of which the animal under study is a member, wherein the HRV analysis relates to time domain HRV data and frequency domain HRV data of the received heart rate information that are evaluated with respect to physiological states and corresponding health condition for the time domain HRV data and frequency domain HRV data for the species of the animal under study.

Abstract: The invention provides an implant, system and method for electrically stimulating a target tissue to either activate or block neural impulses. The implant provides a conductive pathway for a portion of electrical current flowing between surface electrodes positioned on the skin and transmits that current to the target tissue. The implant has a passive electrical conductor of sufficient length to extend from subcutaneous tissue located below a surface cathodic electrode to the target tissue. The conductor has a pick-up end which forms an electrical termination having a sufficient surface area to allow a sufficient portion of the electrical current to flow through the conductor, in preference to flowing through body tissue between the surface electrodes, such that the target tissue is stimulated to either activate or block neural impulses. The conductor also has a stimulating end which forms an electrical termination for delivering the current to the target body tissue.

Abstract: A system is described for detecting and/or treating depression that may be incorporated into an implantable device such as a cardiac rhythm management device. The device may determine that depression is present by analysis of heart rate variability measured using the cardiac sensing channels of the device and/or by detection of blood-borne factors that are associated with depression. If depression is detected, the device may be configured to automatically delivery therapy such as neuromodulation and/or drug delivery.

Abstract: A minimally invasive method of introducing an interface element to interface with laryngeal structures of a subject includes forming a subperichondral tunnel on an outside of a cricoid cartilage arch and through the cricoid cartilage arch towards a cricothyroid joint to form an insertion route. The method also includes inserting a hollow needle into the insertion route to a posterior space of a cricoid cartilage plate of the subject, positioning at least one interface element along the insertion route for interfacing with the laryngeal structures of the subject, and retracting the hollow needle back along the insertion route.

Abstract: Methods for performing cardiac signal analysis in an implanted medical device, and devices configured to perform illustrative methods of cardiac signal analysis. A cardiac signal is captured by an implanted device using implanted electrodes and, during at least certain conditions, the cardiac signal undergoes heuristic filtering. In some embodiments, heuristic filtering is achieved by modifying a signal or value that is used as an indicator of received signal amplitude. In an illustrative example, the heuristic filtering includes periodically incrementing or decrementing the signal or value toward a desired quiescent point, where the heuristic filter period is significantly longer than the sampling period for the signal itself. In another illustrative example, the heuristic filter frequency can be adjusted dynamically to keep the signal average near the desired quiescent point.