Abstract: A polycrystalline ceramic scintillator exhibiting reduced afterglow includes between about 5 and 50 mole percent Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, between about 0.02 and 12 mole percent of either Eu.sub.2 O.sub.3 or Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3 as a rare earth activator oxide, and between about 0.003 and 0.5 mole percent of either Pr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Tb.sub.2 O.sub.3 as an afterglow reducer. The remainder of the scintillator composition is Y.sub.2 O.sub.3. The resulting scintillator is especially useful for a radiation detector of the type having a plurality of radiation receiving channels. A scintillator body is disposed in each channel so that radiation being received therein is incident on the scintillator body and causes the body to convert the incident radiation to light energy of a predetermined wavelength. The radiation detector also includes means for converting the light energy from the scintillator into electrical signals which are proportional to the amount of radiation incident on the scintillator body.

Abstract: Aqueous, dispersant-containing wax- and polysiloxane-dispersions (P) containingas wax(A) at least one cationically modified hydrocarbon wax and optionally(B) at least one non-oxidized hydrocarbon wax,as polydiorganosiloxane(C) at least one optionally amino-modified or/and non-ionically modified polydiorganosiloxaneand as dispersant(D) a non-ionogenic, cationic or amphoteric dispersant system,are suitable as finishing agents, in particular as highly permanent softeners and sewability improving agents, especially for coloured goods.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing amorphous silica microspheres having fluorescence behavior includes the steps of placing into a container an organosilicon precursorand with a highly acidic solution and rinsing with a solvate to remove excess of the organosilicon precursor from the amorphous silica microspheres. The organosilicon precursor and the highly acidic solution are immiscible. The process for synthesizing amorphous silica microspheres also includes the steps adding a dopant from a group consisting of rhodamine-6G, rhodamine-B, europium 3.sup.+, fluorescein, coumarin-120, coumarin-314T, thionine, uranium and uranium-sensitized europium, stirring the organosilicon precursor and the highly acidic solution to form droplets of the organosilicon precursor in the highly acidic solution whereby water in the highly acidic solution hydrolizes the droplets of the organosilicon precursor to form amorphous silica microspheres and rinsing with a solvant to remove excess of the organosilicon precursor therefrom.

Abstract: Monodisperse particulates of a rare earth phosphate having the formula LnPO.sub.4 in which Ln is at least one rare earth, the average particle size of which ranging from 1 to 20 microns and preferably from 2 to 6 microns, and having a dispersion index of less than 0.5, preferably less than 0.4, are well suited as luminophors or precursors thereof, and are prepared via precipitation with phosphate ions at a substantially constant pH below 2, from rare earth salt solutions.

Abstract: A material for magnetostatic wave devices comprises a thin single-crystalline magnetic film consisting essentially of a magnetic garnet containing iron, and at least one element of zirconium and hafnium incorporated therein. The content of zirconium and/or hafnium is less than or equal to 1000 wt.ppm.

Abstract: A process for producing an oxide superconductor, comprising putting a formed body of raw material powders for forming an oxide superconductor on silver or silver oxide within a pan which does not melt at the melting point of silver, heating the pan to a temperature higher than the melting point of silver to bring the formed body to a semi-molten state with the formed body being floated on molten silver, cooling the pan and taking the formed body out of the re-solidified silver. This process enables a large bulk material having a diameter of 10 cm or more to be produced without occurrence of cracking.

Abstract: A divalent europium activated complex halide phosphor having the formula (I):M.sup.II FX.aM.sup.I X':xEu.sup.2+ (I)in which M.sup.II is at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca; M.sup.I is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Rb and Cs; X is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I; X' is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; and a and x are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0<a.ltoreq.4.0 and 0<x.ltoreq.0.2, respectively. A process for the preparation of said phosphor, a radiation image recording and reproducing method utilizing said phosphor, and a radiation image storage panel employing said phosphor are also disclosed.

Abstract: A magnetic material for high frequencies consists essentially of a main component expressed by the general formula:(Y.sub.3-2z Ca.sub.2z) (Fe.sub.w-x-y-z In.sub.x Al.sub.y V.sub.z)O.sub.4.5+1.5wwhere x, y, z and w take respective values within the following ranges: 0.02.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.80, 0.00.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.10, 0.30.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.50, 4.88.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.4.92, and an additional component composed of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of CeO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2 and HfO.sub.2. The additional component is incorporated into the main component in an amount of not less than 0.1 percent by weight but not more than 0.5 percent by weight.

Abstract: To prepare a phase-pure, ceramic oxide superconductor which contains, in addition to copper, at least one alkaline earth metal from the group comprising Ba, Sr and Ca, and at least one metal from the group comprising Y, La, Tl, Pb and the rare earths, for example of YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x, a solution is prepared which contains the metal components in the atomic ratios of the superconductor. The metals are precipitated as oxalates by combining this solution with an oxalic acid solution, the mixture of the oxalates is separated off, dried and decomposed to form the oxides, and the latter are subsequently sintered at temperatures of from 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen to form the superconductor. In this process, the heating of the metal oxalates and the oxides formed therefrom up to 700.degree. C. is carried out at a maximum oxygen partial pressure of 50 mbar, preferably in an inert gas.

Abstract: A composite includes granules of Type II superconducting material and granules of rare-earth permanent magnets that are distributed in a binder. The composite is a two-phase structure that combines the properties of the superconductor and magnets with the flexibility and toughness of a polymeric material. A bearing made from this composite has the load capacity and stiffness of a permanent magnet bearing with added stability from a Type II superconducting material.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composition for forming a protective layer of a dielectric material which comprises:(A) alkaline earth metal oxide particles; and(B) one or more organic compounds containing a metal element and represented by the formula (I):M.sup.1 (OR.sup.1).sub.n (I)wherein M.sup.1 represents Al, Si, Ti or Zr; R.sup.1 represents C.sub.2-8 alkyl group or C.sub.2-8 alkoxyalkyl group, provided that when M.sup.1 is Al, Ti or Zr, OR.sup.1 may be alkylacetoacetato or acetylacetonato, or when M.sup.1 is Zr, R.sup.1 may be a monovalent acyl group which may be substituted by an hydroxyl group; and n represents the valency of M.sup.1,or a partially hydrolyzed or co-hydrolyzed condensate thereof.

Abstract: Ceramic materials which exhibit stability in severely-corrosive environments having high alkali-metal activity, high sulfur/sulfide activity and/or molten halides at temperatures of 200.degree.-550.degree. C. or organic salt (including SO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2) at temperatures of 25.degree.-200.degree. C. These sulfide ceramics form stoichiometric (single-phase) compounds with sulfides of Ca, Li, Na, K, Al, Mg, Si, Y, La, Ce, Ga, Ba, Zr and Sr and show melting-points that are sufficiently low and have excellent wettability with many metals (Fe, Ni, Mo) to easily form metal/ceramic seals. Ceramic compositions are also formulated to adequately match thermal expansion coefficient of adjacent metal components.

Abstract: The invention concerns a powdery, hydrophobic filler for bituminized traffic surfaces, including at least one substance that lowers the freezing point of water.

Abstract: An electroluminescent composition of zinc sulfide containing manganese in an amount of about 10 to 50 mol percent and exhibiting a substantial infrared emission at greater than 700 nanometers wavelength.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling the viscosity of fabric softener compositions to thereby improve shelf life by first forming a microemulsion of a perfume and a surfactant by mixing a perfume and a surfactant at a temperature where each component is in the liquid state. Sufficient shearing forces are used to uniformly disperse the perfume in the surfactant to form a stable microemulsion of said perfume in said surfactant. The microemulsion is then mixed with a fabric softener base formulation.

Abstract: The method of this invention provides calcium halophosphate phosphors activated with antimony and manganese having higher quantum efficiencies at specific antimony concentrations. The higher quantum efficiencies are obtained as a result of increasing the phosphor's UV reflectivity by decreasing the phosphor's particle size without substantially decreasing the phosphor's emission.

Abstract: A process is described for producing ceramic fibres composed of titanium boride, zirconium boride or hafnium boride. The boride fibres are obtained by reacting a boron oxide precursor fibre with a titanium halide, zirconium halide or hafnium halide gas in the presence of hydrogen. Ceramic titanium, zirconium or hafnium nitride fibres may also be produced by the process, by means of the additional presence of nitrogen gas in the gas phase. The process is conducted at temperature higher than 500.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention concerns aqueous emulsions of (A) organopolysiloxane free from basic nitrogen and (B) alkyltrialkoxysilane which contain (C) an emulsifier and (D) water. Organopolysiloxane (A) has formula R.sub.a Si(OR.sup.1).sub.b O.sub.4-a-b/2 wherein R has identical or different, monovalent, optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 hydrocarbon residues bonded by SiC, R.sup..sup.1 has identical or different, monovalent, optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 hydrocarbon residues, a is equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3, on average 0.75 to 1.5, and b is equal to 1, 2 or 3, on average 0.2 to 2.0, and has a molecular weight of at least 600 g/mol. Also disclosed are a method for preparing said emulsions and their use for water-repellent impregnation of cement-bonded fibrous building components.

Abstract: The sol-gel process for forming dense alumina based cermics or dense ceramics with alumina as a sintering additive, the process comprising the steps of: preparing polymeric alumina sol by hydrolysis of Al (O--iBu)3 with a strong acid; preparing the ceramic dispersion in the alumina sol; gelling the dispersion; drying the gel dispersion to form a solid; calcining the solid; and sintering the calcined solid.

Abstract: A method of making water soluble pre-ceramic polymers includes heating hydrated metal salts above their melting points. A flow of air drives off water and most of the ligands. Polymerization occurs in the melt and the remaining side groups make the polymer soluble in water. Solubilization in water is accomplished by mixing the polymer with distilled water and heating the mixture at a temperature higher than about 60.degree. C. Thus prepared polymer solutions may be used to form fibers, films, and composite matrices.