Abstract: Processes for producing a polyurethane, a rigid polyurethane foam, a flexible polyurethane foam and a spray type rigid polyurethane foam are disclosed. In these processes, a specified tertiary aminoalcohol is used as a polyol component and a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a cellular polyurethane by reacting with an NCO-reactive component in the presence of a homogeneous mixture of an optionally water-containing adduct of carbon dioxide an amine containing at least one secondary amino group, low primary amino groups and at least one primary or secondary hydroxyl group (provided there are not more primary hydroxyl groups than amino groups), an amine catalyst and optionally monofluorotrichlormethane. The present invention is directed to the homogeneous mixture these three components.

Abstract: This invention is related to liquid polymer compositions and to methods of preparing these compositions which comprise a high molecular weight water-soluble vinyl addition polymer, water, one or more surfactants, and a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol, or water-soluble ethoxylated alcohol, alkylphenol or fatty acid.

Abstract: This invention discloses the composition and use of salts of low molecular weight polymers of methacrylic and acrylic esters formulated with wetting, emulsifying, plasticizing or coalescing agents as aqueous finish compositions for hard surfaces. The polymers have molecular weights between 700 and 5000 and acid numbers between 50 and 275. The finishes produced by the compositions are water clear and are self-dispersible. Thus, on reapplication, the previous film is dissolved, the embedded soil removed and a fresh film left.

Abstract: Highly reactive unsaturated polyesters for air-drying polyester resins can be obtained by reacting .beta.,.gamma.-ethylenically unsaturated ether alcohols with a polyester precondensate.

Abstract: A blend of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile-starch graft copolymer and a fatty quaternary ammonium chloride which exhibits good wicking and dispersing properties.

Abstract: A polymeric membrane composed of a homogenous mixture of (1) a hydrophilic esin which is (a) partially acetylated cellulose in which from about 50 to less than 100 percent of the hydroxyl groups are acetylated, (b) polyvinyl acetate, (c) hexadimethrine bromide, or mixtures thereof, and (2) a polyphenylquinoxaline of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN X IS A DIRECT BOND, ##STR2## and Ar is m-phenylene, p-phenylene, or ##STR3## wherein z is a direct bond, ##STR4## and wherein n is a value such that the polyphenylquinoxaline has an inherent viscosity of from about 0.5 to about 2.5 dl./g as a 0.5 g in 100 ml solution in 98 percent sulfuric acid at about 30.degree. C. These polymeric membranes are used as separators in alkaline cells such as silver-zinc cells.

Abstract: Polychloroprene latex which is stable to freezing and thawing can be obtained by adding a betaine of a formula given below before, during or after polymerization.

Abstract: Radiation curable compounds are disclosed comprising an amide moiety, a urethane moiety and an ethylenically unsaturated functional group, typically an acrylate functional group. The compounds comprise the reaction products of an amide-containing compound having at least one hydroxy functional group, a polyisocyanate and a polyfunctional compound having a hydroxy functional group reactive with an isocyanato group of the polyisocyanate, which polyfunctional compound provides an ethylenic functional group in the reaction product. Coating compositions containing these radiation curable reaction products cure at relatively high rates to form films having high abrasion resistance and improved tensile strength and elongation properties as compared to conventional urethane acrylate coating compositions.

Abstract: Graft copolymers are prepared by the polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, or a mixture of such monomers, in the presence of a peroxy di-ester polyol. Presence of the peroxy group in the polyol reactant itself serves as a free radical initiator site for the graft copolymerization reaction. The copolymers formed are utilized in the formulation of polyurethane compositions.

Abstract: A vinyl film-wood product substrate laminate is formed using as an adhesive a mixture of a vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion and an admixture of toluene and N-lower alkyl substituted pyrrolidone.

Abstract: A water-in-oil polymer emulsion having an excellent fluidity can be obtained by a process which comprises dispersing an aqueous solution of at least one (meth)acrylic monomer containing a quaternary ammonium salt or a tertiary amine salt in a hydrophobic organic liquid in the presence of an oil-in-water type nonionic surfactant, and heating the resulting dispersion to a temperature of at least 40.degree. C. to polymerize the monomer mixture.

Abstract: Volatile organic materials are continuously removed from aqueous dispersions of synthetic polymers by flowing a dispersion stream into a zone having a vapor space above the liquid level of the stream while maintaining the pressure within the zone at about the vapor pressure of water at the temperature of the stream, and while maintaining the liquid level of the stream at a depth sufficiently shallow to promote substantially uniform and complete boiling throughout. The process is especially useful for removing residual monomers, such as vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, from a latex obtained from an emulsion polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Rigid foams characterized by carbodiimide and isocyanurate linkages are prepared by catalytically condensing an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of certain quaternary boron salts.

Abstract: A process for preparing an all-acrylic copolymer latex is disclosed which comprises polymerizing two or more acrylate comonomers if the presence of an acrylate polymerization catalyst and a polymerization promoting amount of a multifunctional acrylate for a period sufficient to provide said acrylic copolymer.

Abstract: A stable, water-in-oil emulsion of a partially hydrolyzed carboxamide polymer is prepared by contacting a water-in-oil emulsion of an inherently water-dispersible polymer containing carboxamide groups, e.g., polyacrylamide, with a water-in-oil emulsion of a hydrolyzing agent such as sodium hydroxide. By emulsifying the hydrolyzing agent prior to hydrolysis, the hydrolysis reaction can be carried out over a wider range of reaction conditions such as temperature and the like without destroying the water-in-oil emulsion of the polymer.

Abstract: Cement compositions having improved strength and enhanced adhesion to siliceous substrates are obtained by admixing Portland cement with a cement additive comprising (1) a styrene-butadiene interpolymeric latex containing up to about 60 parts by weight of interpolymer solids, said latex being present in an amount sufficient to provide from about 5 to about 25 parts by weight of latex polymer solids based on the weight of cement and (2) from about 0.05 to about 3 parts by weight of latex solids of a silane of the formula ZSi(OR').sub.3 wherein Z is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups and substituted hydrocarbon groups in which the substituent is bonded to the silicon atom through at least one carbon atom, and R' is selected from the group consisting of alkyl radicals of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OR" and --CH.sub.2 CHOH where R" is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 3 inclusive carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polyamides and polyesteramides having melt viscosities from 25 to 600 Pa.s at 220.degree. C. and useful as melt adhesives for textiles are disclosed, which materials are condensation products formed between (a) a dimerized fatty acid component containing at least 70 percent of dimeric acid; (b) a C.sub.6 -C.sub.13 aliphatic straight-chain co-dicarboxylic acid; (c) a C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aliphatic straight-chain diprimary diamine; and (d) caprolactam and/or .epsilon.-amincaproic acid; the polyesteramides additionally contain a further component (e) which is caprolactone and/or .epsilon.-hydroxycaproic acid.

Abstract: A process for the production of synthetic rubber latices having a high solids content and a low viscosity by low-temperature redox emulsion polymerization with subsequent agglomeration of the latex particles with oxidized polyethylene oxides, comprises conducting the redox emulsion polymerization in a system wherein the ratio of monomers to water is 0.85 to 1.25; the amount of emulsifier is 2.0 to 4.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of monomers; the alkali metal salt concentration in the aqueous phase is 35-70 mmol./l; and the average rate of conversion of monomers is 8% per hour.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of polyisocyanate polyaddition products by reacting organic polyisocyanates with compounds which give off organic diamines under the hydrolytic influence of water and also with water, optionally in the presence of sub-equivalent quantities, based on the NCO-groups present in the reaction mixture, of organic compounds containing isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, wherein polycyclic condensation products of formaldehyde with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diprimary 1,2-diamines are used as the compounds which give off organic diamines under the hydrolytic influence of water. The present invention also relates to the mixtures preferably used for carrying out this process, containing:(a) at least one organic polyisocyanate; and(b) a moisture-activatable hardener for component (a); distinguished by the fact that condensation products of formaldehyde with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diprimary 1,2-diamines are used as hardener (b).