Abstract: A positive temperature coefficient composition comprising a dispersion of conductive particles in a solvated or solvatable crystalline organic polymer is disclosed. Temperature self-regulating devices incorporating the composition and related method of manufacture are described.

Abstract: An electronic paste composition is disclosed which contains inorganic particles and a liquid vehicle.

Abstract: This invention relates to cleaning compositions for cleaning printing inks from printing rollers, blankets, machinery and the like. More particularly, this invention relates to cleaning compositions that combine inter alia., good solvency power in printing inks along with low volatility of potentially hazardous organic compounds. The cleaning composition contains a mixture of a base solvent from about 20 to 95 weight percent of tall oil fatty acid ester combined with organic solvents and/or surfactant. Water may be added to the composition for removal or rinsing since the cleaning composition contains a water-active surfactant.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are described that relate to the use of reaction products of metal compounds and protonic acids for plasticizing and neutralizing acidic, protonated compositions comprising substituted and unsubstituted polyanilines and co-polymers and or mixtures thereof; and for reducing the percolation threshold for conductivity in blends with insulating bulk polymers.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process of heat treatment to produce a high T.sub.c superconductor with increased flux pinning. A precursor compound is subjected to temperature and oxygen pressure conditions at which the precursor compound decomposes or converts partially or completely to the high T.sub.c superconductor and precipitated non-superconducting compounds which are dispersed through the structure of the high T.sub.c superconductor and which are effective to pin lines of magnetic flux. The precursor compound may or may not itself be a high T.sub.c superconductor. In the YBCO system, 2-4-7 may be converted to 1-2-3 or 1-2-3 to 2-4-7 and flux pinning copper oxides dispersed through the structure, for example, various other transformations are possible.

Abstract: A novel metal filled via composition for use with ceramics. The via composition can be formulated to have a volume shrinkage approximating that of the ceramic material, and thus overcomes the problem of volume shrinkage mismatch between the via (particularly copper filled via) and ceramic upon sintering. The novel via composition exhibits enhanced adhesion to the ceramic. A sintering process by which shrinkage of the novel via composition is controlled and adhesion is improved is also disclosed.

Abstract: An extension type conductive rubber framed by impregnating a cross-linked conductive silicone rubber that contains suspended carbon particles, with a silicone oil having a compatibility with that conductive silicone rubber. The preferred extension type conductive rubber exhibits a predictable decrease in its electrical resistance when extended that directly relates to the magnitude of that extension, and thus can be used as a sensor for sensing various physical quantities such as a displacement, tensile force or pressure on the basis of the relationship between its extension and electrical resistance. In use, first and second electrodes are mounted to a section of the extension type conductive rubber so as to provide a press fit against the rubber and are spaced apart. The electrical resistance across the electrodes or their equivalent structure is sensed during an application of force to the rubber.

Abstract: An improvement is proposed in an anisotropically electroconductive adhesive composition comprising an insulating adhesive resin as a matrix and electroconductive carbon particles dispersed in the matrix used for electrically connecting oppositely facing electrode terminals on various kinds of electronic devices and circuit boards. Different from conventional spherical carbon particles, the conductive particles used here are carbon particles each having a plurality of projections on the surface as formed, for example, by the high-temperature calcination of spherical carbon particles blended with a tar or pitch. By virtue of the projections on the carbon particles, the electric connection formed by using the inventive adhesive composition is very reliable and durable even under adverse ambient conditions involving a high temperature, high humidity, vibrations and mechanical shocks by virtue of the anchoring effect by the projections.

Abstract: An anisotropically electrically conductive composition having the capability to conduct heat isotropically when used as an electrical interconnection medium between a pair of electrical conductors, paths, traces, or the like. The composition comprises a mixture of electrically conductive particles in an amount below the percolation threshold for volume conduction for such composition, and electrically non-conductive, but thermally conductive particles, such as metallic oxides, within a polymeric matrix. Preferably, the conductive particles are present in an amount of no more than about 15%, by volume, and the electrically non-conductive particles are present in an amount of about 15 to 35%, by volume.

Abstract: A composition for forming a moisture resistant, anisotropic conductive film having a rapid curing speed, high heat resistance, high humidity resistance, long shelf life and excellent repairability comprising an adhesive composition containing about 100 parts cyanate ester, from about 0.01 part to 10 parts of a curing catalyst, from about 10 parts to about 300 parts of a film-formable thermoplastic resin, and from about 10 to about 500 parts of an epoxy resin, and from about 0.1 part to about 20 parts conductive particles per 100 parts total adhesive composition.

Abstract: A liquid surfactant composition mobile at a temperature within the range of 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. comprising: (a) up to 70% by weight of a sodium or potassium salt of an alkyl benzene sulphonate or alkyl sulphate; (b) up to 80% by weight of an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant; (c) water in an amount not exceeding 20% by weight; and (d) 0.5 to 80% by weight of a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The liquid may be sprayed onto a solid particulate material at a temperature within the range of 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. to provide a particulate detergent composition having bulk density of at least 500 g/l and good dispensing properties.

Abstract: A method of emulsion polymerization of aniline or substituted anilines for making substituted or unsubstituted homopolymers and co-polymers of aniline. The method includes formation of an emulsion of aniline monomers, polar solvent, non-polar or weakly polar solvent and functionalized protonic acid, which is selected for its ability to perform two functions: acting as a surfactant and acting as a protonating agent (dopant) in producing an electrically conducting polymer. Then, an oxidant is added to polymerize the ingredients of the emulsion. This method provides polyaniline particles of highly crystalline and oriented morphologies of controlled aspect ratios.

Abstract: The invention provides for a process of using a static dissipative, polymeric composition to prevent electrostatic discharge. The static dissipative, polymeric composition is both humidity independent and water insoluble. The present invention also provides an article comprising a substrate to be protected from electrostatic discharge.

Abstract: Acicular or platy titanium suboxides, expressed by the general formula, TiOx where x is a positive real number less than 2, have a geometric anisotropy as an aspect ratio in the acicular or platy form of 3 or more, a higher specific surface area and a greater geometric anisotropy even in comparison on the basis of the same degree of reduction, and are capable of retaining their native configurations during the reduction. The resin mediums incorporated with the acicular or platy titanium suboxides have good electric properties, and a higher mechanical strength.

Abstract: There is provided a coating material which can be used on the surfaces of various base materials and can form a non-glare coating film having excellent antistatic properties and surface hardness and having no glare. The coating composition comprising a mixed aqueous-dispersion sol, the coating composition comprising(i) an aqueous-dispersion type sol of an electroconductive oxide(s) of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of tin, antimony and indium, and(ii) an aqueous silica sol prepared by dispersing or hydrolyzing lithium silicate and/or alkyl silicate in water solvent.

Abstract: A substantially non-aqueous liquid detergent composition is provided comprising a liquid phase and a particulate solid phase dispersed therein, said solid phase comprising from about 10% to about 60% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of substantially amorphous sodium metasilicate containing less than 6% by weight of water.

Abstract: An organic super-conductive material and a process for producing the same are disclosed, the material comprising a polymer having dispersed therein an organic super-conductive substance comprising an electron donor and an electron acceptor.

Abstract: A selective chemical species detector including a conductive polymer based sensing element having a detectable characteristic, for example, the polymer resistivity, permanently altered on exposure to a first chemical species and not permanently altered on exposure to a second chemical species. The detector then determines a permanent change in the detected characteristic and indicates the presence of a chemical species on detection of a such a permanent characteristic change. Also disclosed is a method of fabricating such a sensing element to achieve the desired selectivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel method for obtaining conductive polymers enabling their conductive to be increased and thermally stabilized. The polymers are obtained by oxidative chemical process in the presence of a codopant, the anions of which are more stable than the oxidating anions. The synthesis of the polymer is furthermore followed by a thermal treatment operation by which the conductivity of the material obtained is stabilized. Application: microwave absorbents.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a spin-on glass composition with a high carbon content for use as coating layers on substrates such as semiconductor silicon wafers. Also provided are spin-on glass compositions with polyorganosiloxanes having at least 30 wt.% carbon. These spin-on glass compositions show improved resistance to O.sub.2 concentration variations during etching and have an extended shelf-life of more than one year. Methods of using these spin-on glass compositions and semiconductor products produced therefrom are also provided.