Abstract: The process of producing a stable polymer dispersion by aqueous emulsion polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a stabilizer selected from a polyester or polyamide containing a sulfate or sulfonate group.

Abstract: Copolymers of aliphatic monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and unsaturated monomers have been formed by gradually and simultaneously adding monomers and initiator, in the presence of a metal salt activator, to a reaction vessel initially containing water at a temperature suitable for polymerization. These copolymers have consistent compositions and superior properties as antiscalants, dispersants and incrustation inhibitors.

Abstract: A new variety of side chain liquid crystal polymers. The macromolecules of these materials are comb-shaped and differ from conventional side-chain liquid crystal polymers in that the comb's teeth are longer and semi flexible. The oligomeric side chains contain a long flexible spacer not only at their junction with the backbone but also in the center of the mesogen. Specific features of the systems include monosubstitution of enantiotopic protons in the central spacer by a cyano group and a long alkoxy tail at the terminus. An unusual property of these materials is a lower liquid crystal-isotropic transition temperature relative to that of their monomeric precursors.

Abstract: The invention concerns a reticulable polymer for use in non-linear optics, the polymer being constituted of a skeleton to which side chains are attached; one chain ensures the amorphous nature of the polymer, the skeleton consisting of polyacrylic, polystyrene or polysiloxane, and a second side chain able to generate non-linear optical effects and terminating in a heat or photochemically reticulable group.

Abstract: A methacrylimide group-containing polymer containing repeating units represented by the following general formulas, respectively. ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are preferably methyl, butyl and methyl ester group, respectively.

Abstract: A method of producing high molecular weight polysuccinimide and high molecular weight polyaspartic acid. Reacting maleic anhydride with ammonia and further reacting with polymerized polysuccinimide. Hydrolyzing the resultant product to form polyaspartic acid.

Abstract: An allyl ester oligomer composition having a viscosity of 200 to 50,000 cP at 30.degree. C. and a refractive index of 1.50 to 1.57 at 30.degree. C., which is formed by mixing (a) 20 to 90% by weight of an allyl ester oligomer, (b) 10 to 80% by weight of at least one polyvalent allyl ester monomer selected from the group consisting of diallyl phthalate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl terephthalate, diallyl adipate, triallyl (iso)cyanurate and triallyl trimellitate, and (c) up to 40% by weight of at least one monofunctional polymerizable monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl benzoate, allyl benzoate, phenyl (meth)acrylate and benzyl (meth)acrylate.

Abstract: A process for preparing a narrow molecular weight distribution syndiotactic polymer or copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid ester (e.g., acrylate or methacryrate) by using, as an initiator, at least one organometallic compound of the group consisting of (a) trivalent organic Y compounds, and (b) trivalent organic lanthanide (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Ga, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) compounds, or a combination thereof with an organoaluminum compound having the formula:AlR.sub.n X.sub.3-nwherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, X is a halogen element, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: The monomer cis-5,6-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-1,3-cyclohexadiene can be polymerized with certain catalysts, such as bis(allyltrifluoroacetato nickel (II)) and bis(allylpentafluorophenoxy nickel II). The resulting polymer is a precursor to poly(para-phenylene). Other substituted cyclohexadienes may also be polymerized by these catalysts to form useful polymers.

Abstract: A moldable thermoset composition comprising about 5-60% liquid crystal polymer and about 95-40% of an epoxy-functional rubber by weight, a process for making and a process for using same. The composition is made by melt mixing the LCP and the epoxy-rubber to form a blend. This blend is then cooled and may be molded, extruded, or otherwise formed into a desired shape. The composition is then heat-treated to make it set.

Abstract: A method for forming a water-in-oil emulsion of a water-soluble polymer by emulsion polymerization of the corresponding monomer in the presence of an initiator and an emulsifier which is a polysiloxane polyalkylene polyether copolymer. The polymerization of acidic monomer can be carried out without complete neutralization of the monomer beforehand and without adverse effects on the emulsion stability. The water-in-oil product emulsion is easily inverted to a stable oil-in-water emulsion.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides poly(maleic anhydride) side chain copolymers which exhibit nonlinear optical susceptibility and which can be formed into crack-free thin film waveguiding media. An invention copolymer is illustrated by the recurring structure: ##STR1## The side chain chromophores can be oriented by an external field to form a noncentrosymmetric thin film which exhibits second order nonlinear optical susceptibility.

Abstract: This invention provides novel polymers containing alkyl vinylidene cyanide moieties that exhibit nonlinear optical and piezoelectric properties. The polymers have utility as media in optical devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crosslinkable microfine ethylene copolymer powders which are substantially spherical in shape and range in size from about 10 up to about 500 microns and to the process of crosslinking the powders to reduce their melt flow rate. The powders are crosslinked by contacting with water in the presence of a silanol condensation catalyst at temperatures from ambient up to about 110.degree. C. The reduction in melt flow rate is accomplished without substantially changing the powder characteristics, i.e., particle size and particle size distribution.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated, fluorine-containing urethane derivatives (see Formula I) whose urethane group is substituted on its carboxyl radical by a fluorinated organic radical and on its nitrogen atom by an unfluorinated, ethylenically unsaturated organic radical. Their preparation can be carried out by reacting ethylenically unsaturated, unfluorinated isocyanates with fluorinated organic hydroxyl compounds in bulk in the absence of water or advantageously in inert organic solvents or in ethylenically unsaturated monomers capable of polymerization which behave inertly under the reaction conditions, it being possible to obtain the urethane derivatives directly in liquid or highly viscous or waxy or solid or crystalline form.Urethane derivatives prepared according to the invention are usually readily to very readily soluble in standard nonaqueous, nonpolar inert organic solvents or in various monomers capable of copolymerization.

Abstract: Novel polycyanate compositions containing one or more mesogenic moieties as lateral substituents are disclosed which provide improved processability relative to polycyanates containing one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain of the molecule. Molecular level ordering of the resulting thermosets is maintained much similar to that found thermosets of polycyanates which have one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain.

Abstract: Novel (meth)acrylate copolymers which contain, as polymerized units,A) one or more (meth)acrylates and/or (meth)acrylamides having second order nonlinear optical properties and of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, X is a flexible spacer, which may or may not be present, Y is a divalent group having electron donor activity and Z is a noncentrosymmetric radical containing an easily polarizable conjugated .pi.-electron system and one or more electron acceptor groups, andB) one or more (meth)acrylates of alkanols where the alkyl radical is of 10 to 30 carbon atomsin a molar ratio of (A) to (B) of from 1:0.5 to 1:5 are very suitable as nonlinear optical materials for nonlinear optical arrangements and for the production of Langmuir-Blodgett films.

Abstract: A copolymer of the present invention is produced by copolymerization of an electron-donating monomer having an electron-accepting group and an electron-accepting monomer having an electron-accepting group. The copolymer thus exhibits a high dielectric constant, a low level of hygroscopicity and good adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel polymerizable substituted amide compound which are derived from the isocyanate compounds and which are useful in the preparation of nonlinear optical materials. The polymerizable substituted amide compounds of the present invention are represented by the formula; ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 respectively represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, A represents --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- in which X represents an oxygen atom or --NH-- and n is an integer of 1 to 6, and m shows 0 or 1. The present invention also provides a homo- or co-polymer derived from the polymerizable substituted amide compound. The present invention further provides a nonlinear optical composition containing the homo- or co-polymer.

Abstract: Water-soluble, high molecular weight, linear copolymers of a diallyl ammonium monomer and an acrylamide monomer of various cationicities are prepared by copolymerization of a major portion of the acrylamide monomer via stage-addition in a solvent solution and adding a chain transfer agent at the conclusion of said copolymerization to prevent branching and cross-linking from occurring.