Abstract: A heating and air conditioning device 20 for an automotive vehicle, including a refrigerant circuit 4 in which a refrigerant circulates between three distinctive units 6, 10, 14 exchanging with respective secondary liquid loops 8, 12, 16. An evaporating unit 6 is dedicated to the evaporation of the refrigerant when operating in a cooling mode. A cooling unit 10 is dedicated to the cooling or condensation of the refrigerant when operating in the cooling mode as well as operating in the heating mode. A reversible unit 14 is dedicated to the evaporation of the refrigerant when operating in the heating mode and dedicated to the cooling or condensation of the refrigerant when operating in the cooling mode.

Abstract: A heat transfer element includes curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of a pipe for attachment thereto; and a channel configured to receive a tracer therein. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with heat transfer cement (HTC) to both the pipe and the tracer. A system includes a pipe and a tracer; HTC; and a heat transfer element having curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of the pipe and attached thereto via the HTC, and a channel in which the tracer is received and secured via HTC. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with HTC to both the pipe and the tracer.

Abstract: A flow control valve apparatus, a manufacturing method thereof and a heat exchanger using the same. The flow control valve apparatus includes: a flow channel having a longitudinal axis comprised of an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel, for guiding a fluid; sealing means installed in a plane perpendicular to the flow channel and having an orifice through which the fluid passes; opening/closing means for controlling opening/closing of the orifice; and applying means installed along an outer circumference of the flow channel and to which a current may be applied for controlling the opening/closing of the orifice. According to the inventive flow control valve apparatus, the displacement of the permanent magnet valve member is varied using the current applied to the solenoid coil, thereby linearly controlling the opened area of the orifice and/or performing the opening/closing operation of the orifice. The valve apparatus can be miniaturized at a low price.