Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or benzyl, are prepared by reacting a butanal of formula II ##STR2## wherein X and Y are each independently of the other chloro, bromo or iodo, in an inert solvent, with a compound of formula IIIR-S-Me (III)wherein R is as defined above and Me is an alkali metal cation, and converting the resultant compound of formula IV ##STR3## wherein X and R are as defined above, in an inert solvent and in the presence of a base, into a compound of formula I.

Abstract: A chemically and optically pure B-halodiiso-2-ethylapopinocampheylborane of essentially 100% ee represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein B is borane and X is halo and a process for preparing.

Abstract: Biaryl derivatives are produced by coupling an aryl halide in an aqueous alkaline solution in the presence of a palladium catalyst, using formic hydrazide as the reducing agent.

Abstract: In a process of producing high purity bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfides which comprises reacting phenols with sulfur dichloride in an organic solvent, the improvement comprising: reacting the phenols with sulfur dichloride in a nonpolar organic solvent; removing partly or wholly the nonpolar organic solvent after the reaction; adding a polar organic solvent to the reaction mixture to dissolve the reaction mixture therein at elevated temperatures; and crystallizing out the high purity bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfides.There is further provided a high performance heat-sensitive recording material which comprises high purity bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)sulfide thus prepared and having a melting point in the range of from 123.9.degree. C. to 124.9.degree. C. as a developer and a fluoran compound as a color former.

Abstract: A fluorine-substituted compound containing an ether bond and an intermediate thereof are described, which are represented by: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of 2 to 7; m represents 1 or 2, X represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and ##STR2## represents a trans-(equatorial-equatorial)cyclohexane ring. A compound represented by formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of 2 to 7; m represents 1 or 2, ##STR4## represents a trans-(equatorial-equatorial)cyclohexane ring.

Abstract: Acyl chlorides of the general formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.8 -C.sub.30 -alkyl, C.sub.8 -C.sub.30 -alkenyl or C.sub.8 -C.sub.30 -alkynyl, are prepared from a carboxylic acid of the general formula II ##STR2## where R has the abovementioned meanings, and phosgene, COCl.sub.2 (III), in the presence of a catalyst adduct of phosgene and N,N-dialkylformamide of the general formula IV ##STR3## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably a 1:1 adduct in excess N,N-dialkylformamide, the reaction product I being obtained by phase separation, by a process in which II and III are used in essentially equimolar amounts and the phase containing the catalyst adduct is reused.

Abstract: A chemically and optically pure B-halodiiso-2-ethylapopinocampheylborane of essentially 100% ee represented by ##STR1## wherein B is borane and X is halo.

Abstract: A process for producing substituted benzoic acids represented by General Formula II: ##STR1## wherein Q represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, --CN, --NO.sub.2, --COOH, --COOR.sub.1, --COR.sub.1, --SR.sub.1, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.1 and --OR.sub.2 ; and Y and Z each represents a member selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, --CN, --NO.sub.2, --COOH, --COOR.sub.1, --COR.sub.1, --SR.sub.1, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.1 and --OR.sub.2 (in which R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a phenyl group which may be substituted), which comprises oxidizing a substituted toluene represented by General Formula I: ##STR2## wherein W represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, --CH.sub.3, --CN, --NO.sub.2, --COOH, --COOR.sub.1, --COR.sub.1, --SR.sub.1, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.1 and --OR.sub.

Abstract: The phenols and phenol ethers, e.g., phenol itself, are effectively hydroxylated by reacting hydrogen peroxide therewith, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of titanium dioxide.

Abstract: A composite of tungsten oxide on alumina, zirconia, or titania is active in promoting the dehydration of phenols to afford diaryl ethers if the composite is partially reduced with hydrogen at a temperature between 250.degree. and 450.degree. C. Using such a catalyst diaryl ethers may be prepared by the dehydration of phenols in the temperature range of 350.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of sulfonylmethanes and derivatives thereof of the formula M[(RSO.sub.2).sub.2 CH].sub.m (I), in which M represents H, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or NR'.sub.4, R' and R are monovalent organic radicals and m represents the valence of M.The process comprises reacting an ionic carbide with a sulfonyl halide, hydrolyzing the product obtained, adding a compound M.sub.y Y.sub.m, in which Y represents an anion capable of reacting with the cation of the ionic carbide to the reaction medium before or after hydrolysis to give a compound which can be separated from compound (I), and y represents the valence of Y.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-acyl-1,3-cyclohexanediones and the oxime ethers thereof with herbicidal and plant growth regulating properties.The novel 2-acyl-1,3-cyclohexanediones and the oxime ethers thereof are of the formula I ##STR1## wherein A is a 2- to 7-membered alkylene bridge, or a 3- to 7-membered alkenylene bridge which may be mono- or polyunsaturated,n is 0, 1 or 2,R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or benzyl,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio; or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl; or phenyl, benzyl or phenylethyl, the phenyl ring of each of which may be substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkoxy, cyano or nitro,X is oxygen or a radical --NOR.sub.3, andR.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 haloalkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.

Abstract: Cyclobutane derivatives of the formulas ##STR1## wherein P is a hydroxy protecting group and X is a leaving group are useful intermediates in the preparation of antiviral compounds.

Abstract: A phenolic compound having formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X represents a chlorine atom or a methyl group, and a recording material comprising a coloress or light-colored leuco dye and the above phenolic compound serving as a color developer for the leuco dye are disclosed.

Abstract: A perfluoroalkyl halogenide represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X stands for one element selected from the group consisting of iodine and bromine, R.sub.f for a perfluorohydrocarbon group, n for an integer in the range of 1 to 3, and m for an integer in the range of 1 to 3, provided that n and m satisfy the relationship, n.gtoreq.m, is produced by a method which consists essentially in subjecting a perfluorocarboxylic acid fluoride represented by the formula, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.f and n have the same meanings as defined above, to a thermal reaction with a lithium halogenide represented by XI, wherein X has the same meaning as defined above.

Abstract: A bromo-nitro compound of the general formula ##STR1## where R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be hydrogen, or a hydrocarbyl group and R can also be R.sup.3 CO or R.sup.3 NHCO and n has a value of at least one. R and R.sup.1 can both be hydrogen. The value of n is typically one. Compounds of this type have anti-microbial properties, expecially anti-bacterial properties. The compounds can be used as industrial biocides, especially in water treatment.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing 4-(2'-methoxyethyl)phenol by brominating 4-hydroxyacetophenone to produce alpha-bromo-5-hydroxyacetophenone, and then causing a methoxide-bromide exchange to thereby produce alpha-methoxy-4-hydroxyacetophenone; and then conducting a single step reduction of alpha-methoxy-4-hydroxyacetophenone with at least two equivalents of hydrogen per equivalent of alpha-methoxy-4-hydroxyacetophenone in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to thereby directly produce 4-(2'-methoxyethyl)phenol.