Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for flushing debris from a liquid circulation system such as the cooling system of a water-cooled vehicle. The apparatus includes an inlet conduit for flushing liquid, a series of branch conduits connected to points on the circulation system, a drainage conduit for used water, and a valve or series of valves settable between various positions dictating different flow paths for the flushing liquid through the conduits and the circulation system.

Abstract: Cooling a hot component such as a rotor of a rotary piston engine by passing a coolant liquid through a passageway defined between adjacent surfaces of the component and a plug inserted into a socket in the component, the plug being made of a material having greater thermal conductivity than that of the material from which the component is made and the cross-sectional area of the passageway being sufficiently small as to produce turbulent flow of the coolant through the passageway.

Abstract: The daily variation of the outside temperature is utilized for control of the air temperature in a premise, in such a way, that outside air is directed to the premise through channels in the building structure surrounding the premise. The channel walls are adapted to absorb or give off heat to the air flowing through the channels. This utilization is, for example, such that that cold night-time air during the night might flow through the channels and cool the mass surrounding the channels, for example a framing of joists of concrete, which cooled mass during the day-time cools warm outside air prior to its entering the premise.

Abstract: An air conditioning system, particularly well suited for use in a multi-zoned building, includes an air conditioning unit for each zone. These air conditioning units can be either all reversible cycle air cooling and heating units or a mix of reversible cycle units and air cooling only units. Each unit, regardless of whether it is a reversible cycle or cooling only unit, has a refrigerant-water contacted coil and a refrigerant-air contacted coil. The refrigerant-water contacted coil of all the units are interconnected by a closed loop water circulation circuit. At least one of these units has air ducts for passing out-of-doors air across its refrigerant-air contacted coil and into the building zone served by it.

Abstract: A method is provided of constructing rooms provided with a radiant heating system or a cooling system comprising radiant or cooling panels connected to the walls, the ceiling, or the floor of each room and forming a thermal medium cavity, wherein there may circulate a thermal medium which transmits heat to the radiant panels or receives heat from the cooling panels. At least the walls and the ceiling are pre-fabricated components capable of bearing static loads and the interiors of the walls and the ceiling, facing the remainder of the room and the panels, contain respective pairs of adjacent parallel troughs of curved or part-polygonal cross-section. The troughs in the walls are vertical and the ceiling is applied so that they merge streamlined with the troughs in the ceiling. The panels are suspended from supports on the walls and the ceiling with interposition of a resilient packing.

Abstract: A package terminal air conditioning system as disclosed having a room air-circulating blower, an air-cooling device, an air-heating device, and a thermostatic control which governs operation of the air-cooling and air-heating devices in response to the temperature of room air which is circulated by the blower.The control unit senses the temperature of the air which is returned to the unit from the room and the air which is discharged from the unit to the room and operates an appropriate electrical switch to enable and disable the respective air-heating and cooling devices. The operation of the unit is such that when the temperature of the discharged air differs substantially from the temperature of the return air, the differential in the sensed room air temperature between the cut-in and cut-out of the heating or cooling device is reduced which results in minimizing the possibility of overheating or undercooling the room.

Abstract: Blood cells, blood marrow, and other similar biological tissue is frozen while in a polyethylene bag placed in abutting relationship against opposed walls of a pair of heaters. The bag and tissue are cooled with refrigerating gas at a time programmed rate at least equal to the maximum cooling rate needed at any time during the freezing process. The temperature of the bag, and hence of the tissue, is compared with a time programmed desired value for the tissue temperature to derive an error indication. The heater is activated in response to the error indication so that the temperature of the tissue follows the desired value for the time programmed tissue temperature. The tissue is heated to compensate for excessive cooling of the tissue as a result of the cooling by the refrigerating gas. In response to the error signal, the heater is deactivated while the latent heat of fusion is being removed from the tissue while the tissue is changing phase from liquid to solid.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for heating and/or cooling a room which is large enough to require at least two heat exchanger units. Controls are provided which dependingly relate the outgoing air stream temperatures of the heat exchangers to avoid the causing of drafts in the room. One of the heat exchangers is a guide unit and all others are follower units. Each heat exchanger has its own individual control such as a valve for admitting heat exchange fluid to the unit. The guide unit has associated room temperature sensor and setting devices for controlling its individual control. Each follower unit has a pair of temperature sensors for jointly controlling its associated individual control. One sensor of each pair is in the outflowing air stream of the guide unit and the other sensor of the pair is in the outflowing air stream of the associated follower unit.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system which can be attached to, and made part of, an existing thermal oxidizer-stack system, at minimum cost, without reducing the reliability of the existing oxidizer-stack system. It comprises a conventional heat transfer means, which is connected at its input through a refractory lined first conduit, to an opening through the wall of the first stack of the thermal oxidizer-stack system. The outlet of the heat exchanger is connected through a second conduit to an induced draft means, which can be a conventional blower, the outlet of which is connected to a second stack. The action of the induced draft blower is to cause inflow of hot stack gases through the first conduit and through the heat exchanger and to pass the cooled stack gases out the second stack. A first temperature sensor is placed in the stack between the inlet from the thermal oxidizer and the opening where the gases are drawn into the first conduit. A second thermal sensor is placed in the first conduit.

Abstract: Molten slag in a vessel or vessels is placed below heat absorbing tubes through which water is passed and converted into steam by the heat radiated by the slag of high temperature, the heat thus being recovered by utilizing the steam for heating purposes, or for driving a turbine or the like. A cover is placed over the tubes and the vessel or vessels to increase the heat transfer efficiency. Any cooled slag layer formed on the surface of the molten slag in the vessel is removed by skimming to promote the heat transfer and, after the temperature of the slag in the vessel has lowered to about 1,200.degree. C, the slag is agitated to further promote the heat transfer. Alternatively, the slag in the vessel or vessels is agitated from the beginning until its temperature has lowered to about 700.degree. C.

Abstract: Recuperative heat exchangers are disposed in the supply and exhaust ducts of a ventilating system. To reduce frost build-up at the exit end of the exhaust-duct heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is disposed so that the exhaust air flows through it alternately from one end to the other, and vice-versa, when the temperature is below freezing. The reversal of flow of the exhaust air is accompanied by a reversal of the flow of heat exchange medium so that the efficiency of heat exchange is not adversely affected. Several systems of heat exchange are disclosed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, as exemplified by a rocket combustion chamber, is constructed by stacking thin metal rings having microsized openings therein at selective locations to form cooling passages defined by an inner wall, an outer wall and fins. Suitable manifolds are provided at each end of the rocket chamber. In addition to the cooling channel openings, coolant feed openings may be formed in each of rings. The coolant feed openings may be nested or positioned within generally U-shaped cooling channel openings. Compression on the stacked rings may be maintained by welds or the like or by bolts extending through the stacked rings.

Abstract: A heat exchanger of increased effectiveness is disclosed. A porous metal matrix is disposed in a metal chamber or between walls through which a heat-transfer fluid is directed. The porous metal matrix has internal bonds and is bonded to the chamber in order to remove all thermal contact resistance within the composite structure. Utilization of the invention in a rocket chamber is disclosed as a specific use. Also disclosed is a method of constructing the heat exchanger.

Abstract: In an air conditioning system for selectably heating and cooling an enclosed space under control of a room thermostat, dew point temperature of ambient air in the space is maintained below a preselected maximum value by modified use of the heating and cooling apparatus without separate humidity control. For this purpose the cooling apparatus is controlled by a sensor responsive to absolute moisture content in parallel with the normal thermostat control. Energy is further conserved by night set-back of the thermostat with cooling apparatus normally disabled in night set-back.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for building utilizes a vertically aligned, generally straight conduit rain tower for scrubbing and pumping air between the exhaust air conduit system and the supply air conduit system in conjunction with an evaporative water chiller utilizing a venturi to create a vacuum in the water chiller for low temperature vaporization of return water. Gravity flow of water through the venturi is used to create the suction head.

Abstract: A residential-type, heat pump-furnace system with control means for sequencing the activation of the heat pump and furnace operation depending on the heating load. The heat pump remains operational until the air off the furnace has reached some predetermined temperature to prevent an undesirable drop in the temperature of air entering the enclosure. Also, at termination of the defrost cycle, the heat pump will resume operation in the heating mode without the compressor shutting down.

Abstract: Impregnation of a porous carbon body involving deposition of carbon from a as can be effected by establishing a thermal gradient across the body such that carbon is deposited at a boundary which advances through the body. The present furnace is for use in such a process and comprises a heater element with which, in use, the body is in contact and a cooled surface facing the element, characterized in that the latter surface is covered with a layer of thermal insulating material to reduce the thermal gradient across the body. This improves the economy of the process. The insulating material is suitably fibrous, eg graphite felt, and is protected by a layer of relatively low permeability, eg graphite sheet, to prevent deposition of carbon which would reduce its insulation properties.

Abstract: An induction ventilation system for one or more zones. For each zone, the system includes a heat exchanger, a means for driving a heating or cooling liquid through the heat exchanger, an adjustable flow rate primary air injector and a secondary air induction inlet, and a zone temperature control. The temperature control is selectively operative to control the injector to vary the flow rate of primary air in response to sensed temperature in the zone. The temperature control is further selectively operative to maintain the flow rate of the heating or cooling liquid to be relatively constant in one form of the invention, or to vary in response to sensed temperature in the zone in another form of the invention.

Abstract: A variable air volume system for processing an enclosure is shown and described. The system includes an improved damper assembly, having independently operated damper elements, and an air mover control responsive to the damper assembly.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel process of handling fluids which increase heat transfer efficiency in all types of heat transmission equipment. This process is applicable both to single and multiple units; in both cases, heat transfer is enhanced and steam consumption reduced.Basically, the process consists in extracting, along with the condensate, some of the steam from inside of a steam heated unit, separating this steam from the condensate and noncondensable gases, before and after feeding this extraction steam to another units working at a lower pressure.