Abstract: A medical device for sensing cardiac events that includes a plurality of light sources capable of emitting light at a plurality of wavelengths, and a detector to detect the emitted light. A processor determines a plurality of light measurements in response to the emitted light detected by the detector, updates, for each of the plurality of wavelengths, a first normalization coefficient and a second normalization coefficient in response to the detected emitted light, and adjusts the determined plurality of light measurements in response to the first normalization coefficient and the second normalization coefficient.

Abstract: Methods for determining a property that affects expression of polynucleotides are provided. A plurality of polynucleotides each encoding a polypeptide sequence is constructed. A frequency that a sequence element is used in a first polynucleotide is different than in a second polynucleotide. Each polynucleotide is expressed in an expression system to obtain an expression property value thereby constructing a dataset that contains, for each respective polynucleotide, sequence element occurrence in the respective polynucleotide and the measured expression property value of the respective polynucleotide. A model is computed that describes variation in the measured expression property values as a function of a plurality of variables and weights.

Abstract: A molecular orbital computing device, method, program, and a recording medium recorded with the program, capable of computing electronic states at a high speed by an elongation method, are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for removing jump discontinuities in PCR or growth data. A first approximation to a curve that fits a received data set is determined by applying a non-linear regression process to a non-linear function that models the data set to determine parameters, including a step discontinuity parameter, of the non-linear function. One example of a non-linear function is a double sigmoid equation. A second approximation to a curve that fits the data set is also determined by applying a regression process to a second non-linear function to determine parameters, including a step discontinuity parameter, of the second function. One of the first or second approximations is then selected based on an information coefficient determined for each of the first and second approximations. If a confidence interval calculated for the step discontinuity parameter includes the value zero, no step correction is made. If the confidence interval does not include the value zero, then a step correction is made.

Abstract: A tubular or spherical nanostructure composed of a plurality of peptides, wherein each of the plurality of peptides includes no more than 4 amino acids and whereas at least one of the 4 amino acids is an aromatic amino acid.

Abstract: Provided are methods for estimating the amount of initial target nucleic acid in a sample prior to nucleic acid amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The methods generally involve modeling signal intensity data generated across a range of PCR cycles with a phenomenological model in concert with a chemical model, to yield an estimate of the amount of initial target nucleic acid in the sample.

Abstract: Described are novel quantification methods and systems that permit, within the context of multiplex PCR, the quantification of all targets within a single reaction tube. The methods employ quantitation algorithms applied to the amplification profiles of internal calibration controls or standards utilizing a plurality of nucleic acid templates that are amplified within the same reaction tube as the nucleic acid target(s) interrogated.

Abstract: A genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction for Clostridium acetobutylicum (ATCC 824) was created using a new semi-automated reverse engineering algorithm. This invention includes algorithms and software that can reconstruct genome-scale metabolic networks for cell-types available through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. This method can also be used to complete partial metabolic networks and cell signaling networks where adequate starting information base is available. The software may use a semi-automated approach which uses a priori knowledge of the cell-type from the user. Upon completion, the program output is a genome-scale stoichiometric matrix capable of cell growth in silico. The invention also includes methods for developing flux constraints and reducing the number of possible solutions to an under-determined system by applying specific proton flux states and identifying numerically-determined sub-systems.

Abstract: The use of nanostructures to monitor or modulate changes in cellular membrane potentials is disclosed. Nanoparticles having phospholipid coatings were found to display improved responses relative to nanoparticles having other coatings that do not promote localization or attraction to membranes.

Abstract: A system and method whereby acoustic signals can be classified and identified as to nature and location of the original signal. The system and method determine from an arbitrary set of signals a signature or other characterizing feature and distinguish signals associated with a plurality of conditions by means of dictionaries comprising atoms of signals.

Abstract: Method and system for estimating a growth stage of an alga in an ambient fluid. Measured light beam absorption or reflection values through or from the alga and through an ambient fluid, in each of two or more wavelength sub-ranges, are compared with reference light beam absorption values for corresponding wavelength sub-ranges for in each alga growth stage to determine (1) which alga growth stage, if any, is more likely and (2) whether estimated lipid content of the alga is increasing or has peaked. Alga growth is preferably terminated when lipid content has approximately reached a maximum value.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products of DNA sequence alignment using a symmetric phase only matched filter (SPOMF) are described herein. SPOMF is useful for both global alignment and local alignment. Also described herein is a prime-length cross correlation algorithm for enhancing the robustness of the SPOMF.

Abstract: Methods and devices for more efficiently engineering diversity into recombinant polypeptides and/or nucleic acids are provided herein. For example, a variety of methods of selecting and/or assessing potential crossover sites in an amino acid sequence or a nucleotide sequence are provided, as well as the resulting chimeric product sequences. These methods include, e.g., consideration of structural, functional and/or statistical data in the selection and assessment of sequences and crossover sites for use in recombination.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method of analyzing data from processed images of biological probe arrays is described that comprises receiving a plurality of files comprising a plurality of intensity values associated with a probe on a biological probe array; normalizing the intensity values in each of the data files; determining an initial assignment for a plurality of genotypes using one or more of the intensity values from each file for each assignment; estimating a distribution of cluster centers using the plurality of initial assignments; combining the normalized intensity values with the cluster centers to determine a posterior estimate for each cluster center; and assigning a plurality of genotype calls using a distance of the one or more intensity values from the posterior estimate.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer software for determining the stain quality of a plurality of biological specimens. A number of objects of interest are identified in a biological specimen. A first feature of each object of interest (e.g., nuclear area) and a second feature of each object of interest (e.g., nuclear integrated optical density) are measured, and a scatter plot of the first and second features is generated. The stain quality of the specimens are determined based on the distribution of points within the scatter plot.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for evaluating sensor data from a continuous analyte sensor including receiving first and second sensor data points from the continuous analyte sensor and comparing the first and second sensor data points to determine a presence or an absence of aberrant data.

Abstract: A method is provided for identifying viral positive biological fluid donations in the fewest number of test cycles. The method comprises providing biological fluid donations and defining an n-dimensional matrix comprising a multiplicity of elements, each element being identified by a matrix notation comprising an index for each dimension of the array. Samples are taken from each fluid donation and mapped to a matrix element with each sample identified by its corresponding element's notation; n aliquots being taken from each sample and subpools formed from the aliquots with each subpool containing an aliquot from all samples mapped to elements in which one of the dimensional indices is fixed. Subpools are tested for viral indication and the dimensional index of each subpool that returns a positive viral indication is determined. The dimensional indices are combined to identify a subset of matrix elements that contain a viral positive sample.

Abstract: Computer modeling of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain, for example in a normal and a pathological state resembling schizophrenia which pathological state has inputs representing the effects of a drug(s), for the purpose of using the outputs to predict the effect of drugs in psychiatric and cognitive diseases on one or more clinical scales. Diseases that can be modeled include psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, ADHD, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance abuse and cognitive deficits therein and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Mild Cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, stroke, vascular dementia, Huntington's disease, epilepsy and Down syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for identification of differentially methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences within genomic target sequences that are associated with cancer in an individual by comparing the level of methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences in the sample to a reference level of methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and a measurement system for characterization of luminescence properties, the method comprises irradiating the luminescent material with a pulse of excitation light, providing a triggering signal correlated to the pulse of excitation light; detecting with a photodetector such as a photomultiplier tube (PMT) a plurality of photons emitted from the luminescent material as result of the pulse of excitation light, the photodetector providing an output signal upon the event of detection of a photon; determining for each detected photon a photon arrival time and providing an output suitable for inputting to an analysing module wherein an output comprises zero, one, or more photon arrival time for each excitation, receiving said outputs in an analysing module; and determining in the analysing module, characteristics properties of the luminescent material by performing a statistical analysis based on Bayesian inference.