Abstract: Disclosed herein is a communication apparatus, including: a transmission policy holding section configured to hold transmission policies each corresponding to a conversation; and a transmitted frame control section configured to modify transmitted frames of the conversation in accordance with the corresponding transmission policy held by the transmission policy holding section.

Abstract: An original data stream is encoded into a high priority data stream and a low priority data stream. The high priority data stream is encoded so as to permit decoding of the high priority data steam independently of the low priority data stream. The high priority data stream is transmitted twice, while the low priority data claim 25. is transmitted in two portions, but only once. If both the first portion and the second portion of the low priority data stream are received, and at least one complete transmission of the high priority data stream is received, then the two data streams are combined to produce a signal output of high quality. However, if any portions of the low priority data stream is lost then the low priority data stream is not used, and only the high priority data stream is used to produce output. Overall throughput is greater than would be achieved if the original data stream were transmitted with complete redundancy.

Abstract: A system generates one or more media streams from time-stamped packets received over a network. The packets may include audio, video, or a combination of both, sampled at a rate determined by a master media clock at a transmitter of the time-stamped packets or at some other node on the network. Timestamps in the packets may be presentation times based on values of a remote real-time clock at the transmitter that is synchronized with a local real-time clock at a receiver. The system may generate the media streams from the media stream samples and present the sampled data according to the presentation times.

Abstract: A system and method of enabling a transparent Ethernet switch are disclosed. According to an aspect, a network switch is disclosed. The network switch can include a plurality of physical ports configured to communicate data via a network. The network switch can further include a memory configured to store a first forwarding database, and a plurality of aggregate zone entries within the first forwarding database. The aggregate zone entries can also include a port identifier of first port of the plurality of physical ports to be used as a transparent port within a first aggregate zone.

Abstract: To set up connections via interconnections between different networks (1, 2) (2, 3), in first networks (1) e.g. public fixed networks (first step), first information is received defining at least first parts of the connections within the first networks (1). In response, (second step) second information is sent to second networks (2) e.g. public mobile networks defining the charging control of at least the interconnections to be performed outside the first networks (1) and defining at least second parts of the connections. In response, (third step) the second parts of the connections are set up within the second networks (2). The connections comprise the first parts, the interconnections and the second parts. This way, “call back” calls can be set up without “normal” calls needing to precede these “call back” calls.

Abstract: Time-to-trigger (TtT) time periods are usually fixed. A better TtT parameter is adapted based on the signal quality that a receiver perceives from its surrounding area. For example, the lower the value of a first signal quality at the same time that the value of a second signal quality is greater than a trigger threshold, the shorter the TtT parameter becomes.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitting/receiving system and a method of processing digital broadcast data in the DTV transmitting/receiving system are disclosed. The DTV transmitting system includes a randomizer for randomizing enhanced data, an encoder for encoding each bit of the randomized enhanced data at a coding rate of ½ in order to output data symbols, a symbol to byte converter for converting the data symbols to data bytes, a deinterleaver for deinterleaving the data bytes, a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder for RS-coding enhanced data packets including the deinterleaved data bytes to add RS parity data, a data interleaver for interleaving data of the RS-coded enhanced data packets, a trellis encoder for trellis coding the interleaved data at a coding rate of ?, and a transmitting unit for transmitting a digital broadcast signal including the trellis-encoded data.

Abstract: A system for verifying VoIP call routing information. In particular implementations, a method includes verifying one or more Voice-over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP) call agents for respective destination telephone numbers based on demonstrated knowledge of previous public switched telephone network (PSTN) calls to the respective destination telephone numbers; receiving a call initiation message identifying a destination telephone number; and conditionally initiating a call over a VoIP network to a target VoIP call agent, or over a circuit switched network, based on whether the target VoIP call agent has been verified for the destination telephone number identified in the call initiation message.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring call quality for calling centers using packet based call technology. A distributed system manages packet flow between a caller and a call center agent and storage servers. The distributed system is used to monitor, record and analyze real time communications between the caller and the agent and to identify whether certain predetermined parameters are occurring in any particular call. In the event that such a predetermined parameter does exist, a message can be sent to a supervisory station or dialog guidance messages may be sent to the agent.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting system and a method of processing data are disclosed, which are robust to error when mobile service data are transmitted. To this end, additional encoding is performed for the mobile service data, whereby it is possible to strongly cope with fast channel change while giving robustness to the mobile service data.

Abstract: Certain aspects of a method and system for Fiber Channel and Ethernet interworking may include receiving by a central processing unit (CPU), one or more requests for discovery of one or more Fiber Channel (FC) switches based on a Fiber Channel initialization protocol (FIP). The CPU may be operable to facilitate, via a network switch, a proxy login into the one or more FC switches based on the FIP for one or more servers. The one or more servers may be operable to directly communicate and/or receive packets to/from the FC switches via the network switch. The network switch may be operable to determine a destination address of one or more servers based on the facilitated proxy login by the CPU if the one or more servers utilize fabric provided MAC addresses (FPMA) or utilize a MAC address table if the one or more servers utilize server provided MAC addresses (SPMA).

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed that may allow a network device comprising multiple line cards that are each executing a spanning tree algorithm to appear as a single spanning tree protocol entity to other network devices within a bridged local area network (LAN). In one example, a method includes determining, via a first processor on a first card of a network device, a first superior local port on the first card, transmitting, from the first card to a second card of the network device, a data unit specifying the determined first superior local port, and determining, via a second processor on the second card, a superior port on the network device among the first superior local port and a second plurality of ports on the second card based on a second plurality of BPDUs received via the second plurality of ports.

Abstract: A radio receiver uses a first receiver type for receiving data and/or control information on one or more secondary carrier channel(s) if one or more common channels(s) are transmitted on the corresponding secondary carrier. Otherwise, the radio receiver uses a second receiver type for receiving data and/or control information on one or more secondary carrier channel(s).

Abstract: The invention relates to a distribution device in the subscriber access area, comprising two changeover devices two switching matrices a DSLAM having associated splitter modules and at least one controller. The first changeover device includes m inputs, m first outputs and m second outputs, with a first and a second output having one associated changeover element by means of which an associated input can be selectively connected to the first or to the second output. The second changeover device includes m first inputs, m second inputs and m outputs, with a first input and a second input having one associated changeover element by means of which an associated output can be selectively connected to the first or to the second input. The controller switches the first and second changeover devices and switching matrices.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein present methods and apparatuses for on-path CAC operations in a MPLS-VPN environment. In an example embodiment, an ingress PE device receives a quality of service (QoS) resource reservation request; constructs an outgoing message that includes information allowing an egress PE device to identify the virtual private network routing and forwarding table (VRF) associated with a resource reservation resulting from the QoS resource reservation request; and transmits the outgoing message to the egress PE device, where the information allowing VRF identification is echoed back by the egress PE device and used by the ingress PE device to identify the VRF associated with the resource reservation resulting from the QoS resource reservation request. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: A system and method for efficient distribution of streamed media content to large and diversely located client locations is provided whereby an intelligent distribution network (IDN) center manages the delivery of the streamed media to a plurality of clients. The IDN center determines the most efficient delivery route to each client by utilizing trace routes between the IDN center, IDN nodes, various transmission devices and the client. Once a ‘best performing’ IDN node and network link is determined, the IDN center directs the client to the ‘best’ node and instructs deliver of a content stream along the ‘best’ link. Upon receiving the streamed media, the ‘best’ node replicates the stream and delivers the media to the client. Additional clients may ‘piggyback’ off the initial content stream by obtaining a replication of the media from their ‘best’ nodes which are, or connected to nodes, already transmitting/receiving the initial content stream.

Abstract: A data center includes a switch device, an initiating system, and first and second computing systems. A frame is received at an ingress port of the switch device from the initiating system. The frame requires processing sequentially by the first and second computing systems. Identified, in response to information carried in the frame, is a first egress port through which to forward the frame to the first computer system. The frame is received in return from the first computing system after the first computing system completes processing the frame. In response to information carried in the frame received from the first computing system, a second egress port is identified through which to forward the frame to the second computer system. The frame is forwarded to the second computer system through the second egress port for processing by the second computing system before the frame is returned to the initiating system.

Abstract: Provided are a bS derivation process and a deblocking filtering method and apparatus using illumination compensation and/or chrominance compensation, such as a multi-view video coding, in a picture coding/decoding process in which a prediction coding is performed. If neither of the two blocks are intra-coded, neither of the two blocks do contain a none-zero transformed coefficient, and motion compensation for the two blocks is performed based on the identical reference frame and the absolute difference between the horizontal or vertical components of the two motion vectors of the two blocks is less than 1, the bS of the two blocks is derived by considering whether the two blocks are coded by illumination compensation (IC) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, if both of the two blocks are coded by IC mode or neither of the two blocks are coded by IC mode, bS is set as such a value that filtering is unnecessary.

Abstract: A wireless network access point is described which provides the resources of a backbone network to wireless clients. The access point is able to detect a degraded condition on the backbone network. Upon detecting the degraded condition, the access point selectively dissociates clients on the wireless network. In order to select which clients are dissociated first, a predetermined client dissociation policy is established. The policy can include account priority, bandwidth utilization, elapsed time since last transfer, and, amongst other criteria, whether the client is currently transferring in peer-to-peer mode on the wireless network. Upon detecting the degraded condition, either immediately or after a predetermined delay to ensure that the degraded condition is not temporary, clients on the wireless network are dissociated according to the preestablished policy.

Abstract: A integrated circuit device for use in a line card of a digital networking system is capable of intercepting one or more control messages corresponding to a requested data channel sent from at least one customer premises equipment (CPE) device. The integrated circuit device is also capable of receiving a plurality of data channels from a data server of the digital networking system and providing the one or more requested data channels to the at least one CPE device, thereby providing faster data channel selecting and switching capabilities.