Abstract: An arc lamp comprises an electrode assembly with O-ring seals that seal in xenon gas within a glass tube envelope and shaped electrode that, together with a contoured tube geometry inside the glass tube envelope near the electrode, will aerodynamically redirect the supersonic forces of gas ignition to reduce the mechanical impact pulses that would otherwise ultimately work the electrode assembly out of the end of the glass the envelope.

Abstract: Output and/or perceived persistence of visible light from a cathode ray tube is improved by incorporating a UV-excitable phosphor into the screen, and by placing a UV-reflective filter on the inside of the display panel prior to formation of the phosphor screen, so that UV light emitted from the screen upon excitation by the tube's electron beam(s) is reflected back onto the screen to excite the further emission of visible light.

Abstract: A color display tube system having an electron gun producing three co-planar electron beams which are non-convergent, i.e. parallel or divergent. A convergence element located at a distance from the electron gun and coaxial with the tube axis then produces convergence of the electron beams at the display screen by generating a static 45.degree. 4-pole field. This combination reduces growth of the scanning beam spot in the horizontal direction at the ends of the horizontal axis, which is a problem encountered with electron guns which are convergent.

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp has a filament (2) centrically supported in a tubular envelope (1) by constrictions (6) in the envelope at areas where a refractory metal member (7) short-circuits turns (3') of the filament. The refractory metal member (7) is a sleeve around the filament (2).

Abstract: An improved LED lamp construction is disclosed having a plurality of LEDs electrically interconnected and mounted upon opposed rounded surfaces formed at one end of the lamp body. The opposed rounded surfaces comprise a substantially semi-spherical lamp head concavely open at the upper end of the lamp and a cover similar in curvature to the head and fixed across the open end thereof in a convex position relative thereto. The LEDs are arranged in multiple series groups connected in parallel and disposed circumferentially along the rounded surfaces so as to project radially therefrom in substantially all directions. The LEDs are electrically and mechanically connected to a conventional screw-type base at the opposite end of the lamp body through an intermediate stem. Depending upon the nature and level of the power source being provided to the screw-type base, the stem may-house a conventional regulator circuit intended to convert an applied level of A.C. voltage to a relatively low D.C.

Abstract: A photo-ionization detector utilizes an ultraviolet (UV) lamp and is designed for detecting and measuring the concentration of volatile gases flowing between closely spaced parallel electrodes. One of the electrodes is formed to allow photons to pass into the space between the electrodes to ionize the volatile gases between the electrodes. The detector also incorporates an improved ionization chamber.

Abstract: The subject is a field emission cold cathode element having a conducting substrate, a dielectric layer which is on the substrate and has holes, emitter electrodes which have a sharp-pointed tip and stand on the substrate in the respective holes in the dielectric layer and a gate electrode layer which is on the dielectric layer and has apertures right above the respective holes in the dielectric layer. The tip of each emitter electrode is near or in the aperture in the gate electrode layer, and the emission current depends on the position of the emitter tip relative to the gate electrode. According to the invention, the gate electrode layer is made relatively thick in limited regions surrounding the respective apertures and relatively thin in other regions to compensate for inevitable variations in the emitter electrode heights without augmenting interlayer stresses attributed to different thermal expansions of the gate electrode and dielectric layers.

Abstract: A first portion of a spiral wire support for an amalgam is securely fitted into an exhaust tube formed in a re-entrant cavity of an electrodeless fluorescent lamp before attachment and sealing of the re-entrant cavity to the bulb of the lamp. A second portion of the spiral wire support extends into the bulb and holds an amalgam in thermal contact with the apex of the bulb. The second portion has a larger diameter than the first portion to ensure against movement of the spiral wire support into the exhaust tube. The end of the second portion of the spiral wire support is wetted with an alloy capable of forming an amalgam with mercury prior to insertion of the wire support into the exhaust tube. Mercury is added to the bulb after final evacuation of the bulb in preparation for dosing the lamp with its fill. As a result, an amalgam is formed and maintained in thermal contact with the apex of the bulb, regardless of lamp orientation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a color cathode ray tube comprising an evacuated envelope with a tube axis including a face panel having an inside wall with stud pins, a funnel connected to the panel and a neck extending from the funnel; a shadow mask assembly including a shadow mask facing the face panel, and a mask frame for supporting the shadow mask; a plurality of support members for suspending the shadow mask assembly to the stud pins, each of the support members comprising a first arm portion coupled to the study pin, a second arm portion connected to the mask frame and a folded portion connecting the first and second arm portions with each other; and a control member for controlling a deformation of each the support members, the control member connecting the folded portion to the mask frame, whereby the rotation of the shadow mask assembly caused by a deformation of the support member by an irregular inside wall of the face panel or by a thermal expansion of the shadow mask assembly can be preven

Abstract: An electric arc discharge lamp has an arc discharge light source which emits both visible light radiation and UV radiation enclosed within a borosilicate, outer glass envelope. The envelope has a transmission of greater than 90% at a wavelength of 425 nm and a transmission of not more than 40% of UV radiation at 320 nm; 8% of UV radiation at 300 nm; and 0.5% of UV radiation at 290 nm. The borosilicate glass comprises, in weight percent: from about 3.89% Na.sub.2 O; about 1.5% K.sub.2 O; from 0.0% to about 0.15% Li.sub.2 O; about 17% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 1.4% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 0.6% CaO; about 0.35% MgO; about 0.13% Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; and the balance SiO.sub.2.

Abstract: A panel-shaped gas-discharging type display device includes an anode and a cathode having a special shape to enhance discharging in an airtight chamber formed by two substrates. A gas containing an ultraviolet emission gas such as Xe and Kr and a fluophor for emitting a light are put together into the airtight chamber. Because of the shape of the cathode, more discharging occurs than with conventional devices. More ultraviolet emission from the discharging excites the fluophor to create a visible radiation. Therefore, the brightness of the device increases. Since the cathode is coated with an emitter material incapable of absorbing the ultraviolet emission gas, discharging is not obstructed by reduction of the ultraviolet emission gas, and the color of the visible radiation is stably maintained.

Abstract: A gas discharge tube of the present invention has an envelope for accommodating an anode for receiving thermoelectrons emitted from a thermionic cathode, a focusing electrode for focusing a path of the thermoelectrons from the thermionic cathode to the anode, and a discharge shielding plate consisting of a material having electrical insulating properties, the anode being arranged in contact with one side of the discharge plate, and the focusing electrode being arranged in contact with the other side of the discharge shielding plate. Since the anode and the focusing electrode are arranged in contact with both the sides of the discharge shielding plate consisting of an insulating material such as a ceramic, the positions of these electrodes are held at high accuracy, and the electrical insulating properties therebetween are maintained even at a high temperature during long-time continuous light emission.

Abstract: A fluorescent display device including a cathode filament increased in mechanical strength and reduced in end cool. A 26% Re-W filament of 0.64 MG corresponding to 0.64 mg in weight per 20 cm in length exhibits an end cool as small as 4.2 mm on each of both sides thereof at a temperature of about 580.degree. C. The end cool in a conventional W filament of the same diameter is increased to about 8 mm. The 26% Re-W filament is increased in mechanical strength by 50% as compared with the conventional W filament.

Abstract: A fine substrate contact electrode (bump) made of a refractory metal having low resistance and sufficient mechanical strength is fabricated on a wiring substrate with a polyimide resin film serving as an electrically insulating layer. It is not the entire surface of the contact electrode that is covered with a high-resistance oxide film since the top surface of the refractory metal such as tungsten is covered with an oxidation-resistant metal film. The substrate contact electrode has a sufficient mechanical strength since the side of the tungsten bump is surrounded by a side wall reinforcement film even where the tungsten formed by the blanket chemical vapor deposition method is polycrystalline. Since the polyimide film is previously embedded before the substrate contact electrode is fabricated, the electrode can be formed on the polyimide film having a desired thickness on the entire substrate surface.

Abstract: A glass tube lamp matrix device includes a working gas container set and a glass tube matrix. The working gas container set includes a plurality of parallel first elongated containers in a plane and a plurality of parallel second elongated containers crossing the first elongated containers in a plane and forming an angle therewith. Each of the first and second elongated containers contains a working gas therein. The glass tube matrix includes a plurality of thin glass tubes, each of which having two open ends which are fluidly and respectively communicated with one of the first elongated containers and one of the second elongated containers, thereby filling the glass tubes with the working gas. Each of the glass tubes has a cross-sectional area much smaller than that of the first and second elongated containers.

Abstract: A black coating having a uniform thickness is formed, on the inner surface of the cathode sleeve, as a sintered layer obtained by mixing tungsten having an average particle diameter in a range of 0.5 .mu.m (inclusive) to 2 .mu.m (inclusive) with alumina having an average particle diameter in a range of 0.1 .mu.m (inclusive) to 1 .mu.m (exclusive) at a weight ratio of the tungsten to the alumina in a range of (90:10) to (65:35).

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes a non-conductive metal oxide layer which cooperates with an overlying starting aid conductive layer to increase the latter's electrical resistance adjacent the lamp electrodes in order to suppress the occurrence of appearance defects associated with mercury condensation. A method of making the lamp includes forming the non-conductive layer along end portions of an inner wall of the lamp glass tube adjacent the electrodes.

Abstract: A field-emission display has a phosphor panel assembly comprising a transparent electrode, a plurality of coated phosphor layers disposed on the transparent electrode for emitting light in response to bombardment of electron beams emitted from field-emission cathodes, a plurality of black insulating layers disposed between the coated phosphor layers, and a plurality of conductive layers disposed on the black insulating layers, respectively, between the coated phosphor layers and electrically insulated from the transparent electrode by the black insulating layer. The black insulating layers provide a black mask between the phosphor layers to improve the contrast ratio, and the conductive layers are effective to increase the percentage of electron beam utilization, thus improving the quality and resolution of displayed images. These advantages can be achieved without making image display unstable due to charging-up of the black mask and straying of secondary electrons.

Abstract: A coated, labeled fluorescent lamp wherein the label is applied prior to coating, and wherein after labeling, the label, glass tube and portion of the end caps are covered with a coating material which is heated to form a tough, smooth, uninterrupted light-transmitting coating. The coating preferably bonds to the label to provide tamper resistance for the label, in addition to containment of shattered glass and lamp contents in the event of breakage of the lamp.

Abstract: An image display apparatus comprises an envelope internally provided with at least an electron emitting source, a fluorescent material member that emits light upon irradiation with an electron beam emitted from the electron emitting source and a getter that maintains the vacuum inside the envelope, and a vacuum exhaust tube that forms a vacuum inside the envelope, wherein the inside of the envelope is partitioned with a substrate into a first space having at least the electron emitting source and the fluorescent material member and a second space containing at least the getter, and the substrate has a path that communicates both the spaces.