Abstract: A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active electrode include a solid support; a porous oxide layer containing transition metal oxide nanoparticles present on a surface of the solid support and has a mean pore size of 2 to 30 nm; and at least one of noble metal nanoneedles and noble metal nanorings present on the porous oxide layer. The noble metal nanoneedles have an average length of 350-800 nm, a flat end with an average width in a range of 100-150 nm, and a pointed end. The noble metal nanorings have a thickness of 50-300 nm and are present in the form of annular clusters having various elliptical shapes with an average diameter in a range of 35-60 nm.

Abstract: A method of gas detection comprises emitting radiation of different wavelengths across the absorption spectrum of a gas towards a target area; and analysing the spectrum of returned laser light from the target area to identify the gas in the target area using the time correlation of the emitted radiation and the returning radiation. The radiation is modulated using respective orthogonal modulation codes for the different wavelengths and the modulation codes are modified by the insertion of a gap between each bit of the modulation code, the gap having a duration of at least n-1 bits where n is the number of different wavelengths.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical spectrometer for spectrally resolved two-dimensional imaging of an object, comprising a dispersing device arranged to disperse radiation from object, a multi-lens array arrangement arranged to receive the dispersed radiation from the dispersing device, a two-dimensional detector arranged to receive 5 the dispersed radiation as directed by the multi-lens array arrangement, wherein the optical spectrometer further comprises a collimating arrangement for collimating the radiation from object before the radiation reaches the dispersing device, the collimating arrangement comprising a diffusing plate for diffusing the radiation and an optical micro-channel arranged to receive the diffused radiation comprising a plurality 10 of parallel and linear optical micro-channels directed towards the dispersing device. The disclosure further relates to a method for spectrally resolved two-dimensional imaging of an object.

Abstract: Provided is a technique for preventing erroneous recognition of a fine particle region from a captured image of fine particles. A fine particle testing apparatus of the present disclosure includes: an imaging part capturing a first fine particle image of a well that holds a liquid containing fine particles; an image processor executing a process of generating a second fine particle image by extracting a contour of the first fine particle image, a process of performing a logical operation between the first fine particle image and the second fine particle image, a process of calculating a feature amount of the fine particles based on a result of the logical operation, and a process of determining growth of the fine particles in the well based on the calculated feature amount; and an output part outputting a result of the determination.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a substrate holder, a first actuator to rotate the substrate holder, a second actuator to move the substrate holder linearly, a first sensor to generate one or more first measurements or images of the substrate, a second sensor to generate one or more second measurements of target positions on the substrate, and a processing device. The processing device estimates a position of the substrate on the substrate holder and causes the first actuator to rotate the substrate holder about a first axis. The rotation causes an offset between a field of view of the second sensor and a target position on the substrate due to the substrate not being centered on the substrate holder. The processing device causes the second actuator to move the substrate holder linearly along a second axis to correct the offset. The processing device determines a profile across a surface of the substrate based on the one or more second measurements of the target positions.

Abstract: A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active electrode include a solid support; a porous oxide layer containing transition metal oxide nanoparticles present on a surface of the solid support and has a mean pore size of 2 to 30 nm; and at least one of noble metal nanoneedles and noble metal nanorings present on the porous oxide layer. The noble metal nanoneedles have an average length of 350-800 nm, a flat end with an average width in a range of 100-150 nm, and a pointed end. The noble metal nanorings have a thickness of 50-300 nm and are present in the form of annular clusters having various elliptical shapes with an average diameter in a range of 35-60 nm.

Abstract: A miniaturized device providing hyperspectral imaging in real-time includes a body, a camera within the body, a micro-LED array arranged around the camera within the body, and an imaging controller within the body and coupled to the camera and the micro-LED array. The micro-LED array includes micro-LEDs of varying spectral bands. A method for controlling an imaging device includes providing LED timing information and LED intensity information to a micro-LED array, providing camera timing information to a camera for capturing a plurality of images, and receiving the plurality of images from the camera. The timing information includes a timing signal to each micro-LED of the micro-LED array and each timing signal includes a pulse. An image of the plurality of images is captured for a time period associated with each timing signal.

Abstract: A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active electrode include a solid support; a porous oxide layer containing transition metal oxide nanoparticles present on a surface of the solid support and has a mean pore size of 2 to 30 nm; and at least one of noble metal nanoneedles and noble metal nanorings present on the porous oxide layer. The noble metal nanoneedles have an average length of 350-800 nm, a flat end with an average width in a range of 100-150 nm, and a pointed end. The noble metal nanorings have a thickness of 50-300 nm and are present in the form of annular clusters having various elliptical shapes with an average diameter in a range of 35-60 nm.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a reflectance, of at least a portion of a target object, in at least one selected wavelength range of electromagnetic (EM) radiation are disclosed. The method comprises, for each selected wavelength range, providing a digital image including at least one target object and a plurality of reference objects, each reference object having respective non-identical predetermined reflectance characteristics, with a digital camera arrangement that provides output image data that comprises digital numbers that are responsive to radiation, in only a selected wavelength range, incident at a sensing plane of the digital camera arrangement. A relationship between a first set of the digital numbers is determined and a first set of the respective predetermined reflectance characteristics of the reference objects. Responsive to the relationship, a further set of digital numbers is transformed to allocate a value of reflectance for each of the digital numbers in the further set.

Abstract: A variety of techniques for creating reliable signatures of jewelry and gemstones is provided. These signatures can be used as references for later authentication of the jewelry and/or gemstones. With some examples, blockchain may be used to reliably store the reference signatures for later use during authentication, and a digital asset such as a non-fungible token can link these reference signatures with the physical jewelry/gemstones. Reference signatures can uniquely identify the jewelry/gemstones based on their optical, acoustical, electromagnetic, or other physical characteristics. Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques (such as convolutional neural networks) can be used to determine which feature characteristics of jewelry/gemstones are to serve as the reference signatures.

Abstract: A burner work measurement system configured to measure work using a burner is provided. The burner work measurement system includes one or more cameras configured to capture the work and a control unit configured to perform computing processing on images captured by the cameras, the control unit is configured to create work data obtained by calculating, based on the images captured by the cameras, at least one of a positional relation between a work object and the burner or flame, a positional relation between the work object and a brazing filler metal, and a positional relation between the burner or the flame and the brazing filler metal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a laser bond inspection system that comprises a high-power laser, configured to generate a high-power laser beam having a high energy, and a low-power laser, configured to generate a low-power laser beam having a low energy that is less than the high energy. The laser bond inspection system further comprises a target patch. The laser bond inspection system additionally comprises a beam-aiming optic, configured to receive the low-power laser beam from the low-power laser and redirect the low-power laser beam at the target patch when the target patch is affixed to the part. The laser bond inspection system also comprises an optical sensor, configured to detect a reflected portion of the low-power laser beam reflected off of the target patch. The beam-aiming optic is further configured to receive the high-power laser beam from the high-power laser and redirect the high-power laser beam at the target patch.

Abstract: An optical sensor system may include a light source. The optical sensor system may include a concentrator component proximate to the light source and configured to concentrate light from the light source with respect to a measurement target. The optical sensor system may include a collection component that includes an array of at least two components configured to receive light reflected or transmitted from the measurement target. The optical sensor system may include may a sensor. The optical sensor system may include a filter provided between the collection component and the sensor.

Abstract: An intraoral optical probe is provided that includes a distal elongate optical waveguide for interrogating dental tissue. In some example embodiments, the elongate optical waveguide has dimensions suitable for the insertion of the waveguide into an exposed root canal. According to various example embodiments, the elongate optical waveguide, when inserted into an internal region of a tooth, can direct incident optical radiation from the intraoral optical probe directly onto an inner surface, such as an internal surface of a root canal, such that status of the root canal can be interrogated directly. The intraoral optical probe may be employed to provide intraoperative feedback regarding internal dental tissue, such as interoperative feedback pertaining to the interior of the root canal during an endodontic procedure, location of secondary or lateral root canals, location of the apex or tip of the root canal system and or detection of the pulp chamber roof or floor.

Abstract: An optical element may be fabricated by applying foreign or attenuating material, for example, a copper material or a material that includes copper, to a silicon dioxide thin film to form a layer that exhibits extraordinary optical absorption in the infrared wavelength region of at or about 2500-4700 nanometers. The foreign material may comprise or include a transition metal. The optical element exhibits increased accuracy and sensitivity in the infrared wavelength region of at or about 2500-4700 nanometers. The at or about 2500-4700 nanometers absorption property of the optical element can be selectively tuned to any region within this at or about 2500-4700 nanometers wavelength region. The optical element may comprise multiple layers of varying thicknesses to further tune the optical element to one or more spectral bands. Such an optical element may be utilized in a formation fluid analysis tool or an eye protection device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a detection apparatus for simultaneous acquisition of multiple images of an object at a plurality of different focus levels; comprising: a modulator for obtaining multiple beam copies of an incoming beam; and a detector operable to capture said multiple beam copies, such that at two of said multiple beam copies are captured at different focus levels. Also disclosed is an inspection apparatus comprising such a detection system.

Abstract: A combination detector for detecting a visually identifiable property and an optical property of an optical system. A phase visualization element converts an incoming light bundle to one or more output light bundles in which the spatial phase distribution of the incoming light bundle is visually apparent. The phase visualization element is arranged relative to a detection surface of an image sensor such that the output light bundle or the output light bundles is/are incident only on a first partial region of the detection surface, while a second partial region of the detection surface is exposed in the direction of incidence in order to detect the incoming light bundle which is uninfluenced by the phase visualization element. An apparatus for testing the optical system includes a light source for generating a measuring light bundle and a combination detector as described.

Abstract: An object is to develop a measurement method, and a measurement substrate, for measuring SPF or other value in a single measurement, instead of having to measure it on many substrates as has been the case to date. As a solution, a substrate for UV transmittance evaluation, including a base material that allows UV rays in a range of 290 to 400 nm to transmit through, and a layer provided on one side thereof that contains at least one type of compound other than cellulose triacetate that has a sugar skeleton but is not a salt, is provided.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) apparatus is provided that includes a dispersive element and an optical circuit. The optical circuit is to emit a first optical beam having a first frequency and a second optical beam having a second frequency towards the dispersive element to deflect the first optical beam and the second optical beam based on a frequency.

Abstract: A vacuum manifold for filtration microscopy includes a manifold top having multiple openings, and a capture membrane positioned above and spaced apart from the manifold top, where the capture membrane is configured to deflect into contact with a surface of the manifold top when a negative pressure is applied to the multiple openings. A method for filtration microscopy includes the steps of providing a vacuum manifold including a manifold top having a plurality of openings, and a capture membrane positioned above and spaced apart from the manifold top; applying sample drops to sample spots on the membrane, the sample spots positioned above the plurality of openings; applying a negative pressure to the openings such that the capture membrane contacts a surface of the manifold top; and optically imaging particulates on the capture membrane.