Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of preparing sols of titanium dioxide nanoparticles that are photoactive, neutral, and in a substantially concentrated form. The methods particularly provide for concentrated sols in light of washing and dewatering under low cation concentrations and utilizing rapid peptizing through addition of the filter case to the peptizing agent. Concentrated acid may be utilized to maintain high TiO2 concentration while still avoiding precipitation of the colloidal TiO2. Concentrated photoactive, neutral titanium dioxide sols are also provided as well as compositions thereof and photoactive coatings formed therewith.

Abstract: Synergistic surfactant blends are disclosed. In one aspect, the blend comprises an anionic surfactant and a metathesis-based cationic surfactant comprising a quaternized derivative. The quaternized derivative is a quaternized fatty amine, quaternized fatty amidoamine, imidazoline quat, or esteramine quat made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or its ester derivative. Also disclosed are synergistic surfactant blends comprising a cationic surfactant and a metathesis-based anionic surfactant comprising a sulfonated derivative. The sulfonated derivative is a fatty ester sulfonate, fatty acid sulfonate, sulfoestolide, fatty amide sulfonate, sulfonated fatty ester alkoxylate, imidazoline quat sulfonate, sulfonated amidoamine oxide, or sulfonated amidoamine betaine. The synergistic blends have a negative ? value or a reduced interfacial tension (IFT) when compared with an expected IFT value calculated from the individual surfactant components.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for making a fluoropolymer dispersion, said method comprising an aqueous emulsion polymerization of one or more fluorinated monomers wherein said aqueous emulsion polymerization is carried out in an aqueous medium comprising a surfactant mixture [mixture (S)] comprising: at least one perfluorohexanoic acid or salt thereof [surfactant (C6)], in an amount of 1 to 5 g/I, with respect to said aqueous medium; and at least one linear bifunctional perfluoropolyether surfactant [surfactant (PFPE)] complying with formula (I) here below: XpOOC—CF2-0-(CF20) n(CF2CF20)m-CF2—COOXp (I) wherein: Xp, equal to or different from each other, is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent metal, preferably an alkaline metal, or an ammonium group of formula —N(R?n)4, wherein R?n, equal or different at each occurrence, is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkyl group; n? and m? are independently integers >0 such that the number average molecular weight of the surfactant (PFPE) is of

Abstract: Reaction products of an optionally alkoxylated alcohol, a polyalkylene alcohol and a linker can be used in various applications such as defoamers. Methods of making the reaction products and defoamer compositions including the reaction products, and methods of using the reaction products to reduce or prevent foam in a composition are also disclosed. The reaction products can be used with an organic solvent or without an organic solvent to provide low VOC compositions.

Abstract: Finely divided, cationic, aqueous polymer dispersion which is obtainable by emulsion polymerisation of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous liquid containing a cationic prepolymer as a dispersant, wherein the cationic prepolymer is prepared in the presence of at least one polymerisation initiator by polymerisation of (a) from 15 to 45% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising at least one quaternary ammonium group; (b) from 5 to 80% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene; (c) from 0 to 50% by weight of at least one C 1-12 alkyl (meth) acrylate; (d) from 0 to 10% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an acid group; (e) from 0 to 10% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an amine group; and (f) from 0 to 20% by weight of at least one non-ionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer differing from (b), (c) and (e), the sum of (a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e)+(f) being 100% by weight, in a first emulsion po

Abstract: Nowadays, one of the major problems of the oil industry is the presence of large amounts of water and salts, which cannot be efficiently removed by conventional dehydrating polymers. In addition, the acid stimulation operations of petroleum wells cause the chemical degradation of demulsifiers such as polyethers and phenolic resins, reducing drastically their efficiency as water and salt removers. Based on aforementioned, a series of new copolymers has been developed; these copolymers are combinations of an acrylic and an aminoacrylic monomer and they are synthesized by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization (under starved feed conditions), which ensures both the homogeneity of the different chains as well as the randomness of the monomers distribution. The solutions of one of these random copolymers have shown an efficiency similar or superior to combinations of two or three block copolymers (formulations), when they are applied in light or heavy crude oils.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a radiative cooling functional coating material and application thereof. The radiative cooling functional coating material can be configured for manufacturing a radiative cooling functional layer. The radiative cooling functional layer can be configured for reflecting ultraviolet light and/or visible light and/or near-infrared light in sunlight and emitting heat through an atmospheric window in a form of infrared radiation. The radiative cooling functional coating material can include a granular filler and a radiative cooling functional resin, and the granular filler can be distributed in the radiative cooling functional resin.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing a metal oxide-silica composite aerogel which includes preparing a silicate solution by dissolving water glass at a concentration of 0.125 M to 3.0 M, after adding and mixing a metal salt solution having a metal ion concentration of 0.125 M to 3.0 M to the silicate solution, precipitating metal oxide-silica composite precipitates by adjusting a pH of a resulting mixture to be in a range of 3 to 9, and separating and drying the metal oxide-silica composite precipitates, wherein the metal salt solution includes a magnesium (Mg)-containing metal salt in an amount such that an amount of magnesium ions is greater than 50 mol % based on a total mole of metal ions in the metal salt solution, and a metal oxide-silica composite aerogel having low tap density and high specific surface area prepared by the method.

Abstract: An amorphous, optically transparent, colorless shape memory assisted self-healing coating for optical glassware applications that uses a combination of surface shape memory and self-healing properties to repair damaged sites on glass substrates when exposed to a thermal stimulus. The coating includes a miscible combination of a network polymer and a linear polymer having glass transition temperate between room temperature and about 40 degrees C. The coating can be used for corrective eyewear, for windshields and windows in automobiles and motorcycles, as well for as optical coatings wherever needed.

Abstract: Sulfur copolymers having high sulfur content for use as raw materials in 3D printing. The sulfur copolymers are prepared by melting and copolymerizing one or more comonomers with cyclic selenium sulfide, elemental sulfur, elemental selenium, or a combination thereof. Optical substrates, such as films and lenses, are constructed from the sulfur copolymer via 3D printing and are substantially transparent in the visible and infrared spectrum. The optical substrates can have refractive indices of about 1.75-2.6 at a wavelength in a range of about 500 nm to about 8 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a hydrophobic metal oxide-silica composite aerogel, in which a degree of hydrophobicity may be controlled while having a high specific surface area and a low tap density, and a hydrophobic metal oxide-silica composite aerogel prepared thereby. The preparation method according to the present invention may not only have excellent productivity and economic efficiency due to a relatively simpler preparation process and shorter preparation time than the related art, but may also perform an effective surface modification reaction by using a small amount of a surface modifier. Thus, since the surface modification reaction may be easily performed by using only a very small amount of the surface modifier, a hydrophobic metal oxide-silica composite aerogel containing about 1 wt % to 2 wt % of carbon may be prepared.

Abstract: Provided herein are amphiphilic asphaltene ionic liquids and methods of making and using the amphiphilic asphaltene ionic liquids, e.g. as demulsifiers for petroleum crude oil-water emulsions.

Abstract: A ferrous modified selenium sol for inhibiting accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice and the preparation method and application thereof are disclosed. The method includes: dissolving an iron-containing compound and a selenium-containing compound into water; adding a reductant to the solution, and stirring until no more precipitation is generated, then adding carbonate, continuing to stir until no more precipitation is generated, and then filtering, taking the precipitation, and washing to obtain the precipitation of the selenium element and ferrous carbonate; adding an emulsifier to a citric acid buffer solution to obtain an emulsified citric acid buffer solution; adding the precipitation of the selenium element and ferrous carbonate to the emulsified citric acid buffer solution to obtain a sol system; and evaporating to concentrate the sol system, and adjusting the pH to 4.5-8.5 to obtain a ferrous modified selenium sol for inhibiting the accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of producing composite materials for use as a cathode in electrochemical cells. Elemental sulfur is mixed with tungsten sulfide (WS2) to form a composite mixture. Organic comonomers may be added to the composite mixture. The composite mixture is reacted to form the composite material. Electrochemical cells with cathodes containing the composite material demonstrated improved battery performance.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a dispersant and a dispersion composition that exhibit high dispersing ability for nano-carbons such as, in particular, CNTs. The dispersant according to the present invention includes a polyalkylene oxide having a structural unit of the following chemical formula (1). In the chemical formula (1), L1 and L2 are each a straight-chain alkylene group that may have a substituent, Z is a linking group that links L1 and Ar, or alternatively, Z may not be present and L1 and Ar may be linked directly to each other, and Ar is represented by the following chemical formula (1a), (1b), or (1c).

Abstract: In general, the present invention relates to optical elements, which can be modified post-manufacture such that different versions of the element will have different optical properties. In particular, the present invention relates to lenses, such as intraocular lenses, which can be converted into aspheric lenses post-fabrication. Also, the present invention relates to a method for forming aspheric lenses post-fabrication.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a water soluble paint composition for a vehicle. The water soluble paint composition includes a core-shell microgel resin, a dimer-modified polyester resin, a (meth)acryl-modified polyurethane resin, a curing agent, a pigment, and water, wherein the dimer-modified polyester resin is included in an amount of 1 to 10 wt % with respect to 100 wt % of the water-soluble paint composition. When the water soluble paint composition according to various embodiments is used to paint a vehicle, air handling equipment and an oven are not needed, so that energy can be saved in the painting process, CO2 production can be reduced, costs can be saved for painting equipment and maintenance, and space for a painting line can be saved, and a paint layer can be formed having excellent smoothing, waterproofing, chipping resistance, and outer appearance.

Abstract: Hybrid latex emulsions are disclosed which can be used in the formation of coating compositions having good blush resistance, abrasion resistance, blister resistance, hardness and scratch resistance. In some embodiments, the coating compositions are used to coat substrates such as cans and packaging materials for the storage of food and beverages. Hybrid latex emulsions of the invention may be prepared by mixing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer component and a stabilizer in a carrier to form a monomer emulsion, and reacting the monomer emulsion with an initiator to form the hybrid latex emulsion. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer component may include an organosilane compound, which may include a reactive organic group and a hydrolysable inorganic alkoxysilane.

Abstract: Provided is a device which is capable of ongoing measurement of variable foaming tendencies in a fluid system and provide a signal to regulate the feed rate of defoamer accordingly to maintain foaming at an acceptable target level. The regulation of feed can be accomplished automatically or manually.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to highly concentrated foam formulations for blast suppression and dispersion mitigation. for use in responding to a terrorism incident involving a blast dispersion device. The foam formulation is more concentrated and more stable than current blast suppression foams, which reduces the logistics burden on the user.